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Fabrication and Characterization of Crack Free Nano Porous Titanium Dioxide Thin Films by Spray Deposition Technique

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第5期4卷 65-70页

作者： Manzar Abbas Nazar Abbas Shah Fazali subhan Muhammad Irfan Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad 45320 Pakistan

A low cost and relatively fast growing material processing technique is used to prepare Nano/meso-porous thin films of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) from the colloidal solution of nano particles of TiO2. Both characteristic peaks of anatase and rutile are confirmed by XRD spectra and SEM results confirm the films to be nano/meso-porous. Fairly large densities of cracks were observed in the films. It is shown that a purely nano-porous uniform film without cracks may be prepared with lower substrate temperature during spray and low temperature baking for over night.

关键词：二氧化钛薄膜纳米多孔膜沉积技术介孔二氧化钛 X射线衍射光谱裂纹表征制备

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Position Vectors Based Efcient Indoor Positioning System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期 1781-1799页

作者： Ayesha Javed Mir Yasir Umair Alina Mirza Abdul Wakeel Fazli subhan Wazir Zada Khan Department of Electrical Engineering Military College of SignalsNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering National University of Modern Languages(NUML)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Security Jazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia

With the advent and advancements in the wireless technologies,Wi-Fi ngerprinting-based Indoor Positioning System(IPS)has become one of the most promising solutions for localization in indoor *** the outdoor environment,the lack of line-of-sight propagation in an indoor environment keeps the interest of the researchers to develop efcient and precise positioning systems that can later be incorporated in numerous applications involving Internet of Things(IoTs)and green *** this paper,we have proposed a technique that combines the capabilities of multiple algorithms to overcome the complexities experienced ***,in the database development phase,Motley Kennan propagation model is used with Hough transformation to classify,detect,and assign different attenuation factors related to the types of ***,important parameters for system accuracy,such as,placement and geometry of Access Points(APs)in the coverage area are also *** algorithm for deployment of an additional AP to an already existing infrastructure is proposed by using Genetic Algorithm(GA)coupled with Enhanced Dilution of Precision(EDOP).Moreover,classication algorithm based on k-Nearest Neighbors(k-NN)is used to nd the position of a stationary or mobile user inside the given coverage *** k-NN to provide low localization error and reduced space dimensionality,three APs are required to be selected *** this paper,we have suggested an idea to select APs based on Position Vectors(PV)as an input to the localization *** from our comprehensive investigations,it is revealed that the accuracy of indoor positioning system using the proposed technique unblemished the existing solutions with signicant improvements.

关键词： Indoor positioning systems Internet of Things access points position vectors genetic algorithm k-nearest neighbors

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