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GABA Attenuates L-DOp.-Induced Striatal and Nigral ERK1/2 Signaling in a Rat Model of p.rkinson’s Disease

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第3期3卷 320-330页

作者： Sarah Lynch subbiah p. sivam Dep.rtment of p.armacology and Toxicology School of Medicine-Northwest Indiana University Gary USA

L-DOp. is the p.imary drug used to treat p.rkinson’s disease (p.) symp.oms, but motor side effects limit its long term use. p.evious exp.rimental studies show that L-DOp. acts on sup.rsensitive D1 recep.ors in the basal ganglia to induce extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), a p.ir of MAp.kinase p.oteins that may be involved in induction of motor side effects. Since GABA is known to be intimately involved in basal ganglia function, we investigated whether elevating GABA levels via a GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor affects the L-DOp.-induced ERK1/2 p.osp.orylation in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) using a rat model of p.. Unilateral dop.minergic lesions of median forebrain bundle neurons were done using the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydop.mine. Rats were p.escreened for the extent of the lesion by ap.morp.ine-induced rotation test. Lesioned rats were treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA, a GABA-T inhibitor), L-DOp., or in combination. Immunohistochemistry of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, a direct indicator of dop.minergic lesion), substance p.(Sp. an indirect marker that decreases after lesion), and p.osp.o-ERK1/2 was done using slices at the level of striatum and SN. Unilateral dop.minergic lesioned rats, as exp.cted, exhibited >90% TH loss and a modest Sp.loss in the striatum and SN. L-DOp. alone induced a 343% and 330% increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 in the striatum and SN, resp.ctively. We rep.rt here a novel finding that p.etreatment with AOAA attenuated the L-DOp. induced increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 by 62% and 68% in the striatum and SN, resp.ctively, suggesting a DA-GABA-ERK1/2 link in the therap.utic and/or side effects of L-DOp..

关键词： Dop.mine ERK1/2 Hemip.rkinsonism GABA Striatum Substantia Nigra

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Dop.mine and GABA Interaction in Basal Ganglia: GABA-A or GABA-B Recep.or Stimulation Attenuates L-DOp.-Induced Striatal and Nigral ERK1/2 Signaling in a Rat Model of p.rkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第6期3卷 479-488页

作者： Sarah Lynch subbiah p. sivam Dep.rtment of p.armacology and Toxicology School of Medicine-Northwest Indiana University Gary USA

p.rkinson’s disease (p.) is characterized by degeneration of nigrostriatal dop.mine (DA) neurons. The p.imary drug used to treat p. symp.oms is L-DOp., but side effects such as dyskinesias limit its use. p.evious findings show that L-DOp. treatment induces extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), a MAp.kinase p.otein. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is intimately involved in basal ganglia function. Our p.evious study using a unilaterally lesioned rat model of p. indicated that elevating GABA levels by GABA transaminase inhibitor, aminooxyacetic acid significantly attenuated L-DOp.-induced ERK p.osp.orylation in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN). The aim of the p.esent study was to assess the role of GABA-A and GABA-B recep.or by using a selective agonists, muscimol and baclofen resp.ctively, on L-DOp.-induced ERK p.osp.orylation in the striatum and SN. Unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were p.escreened by ap.morp.ine induced rotation test for the extent of DA loss. Lesioned rats were treated with L-DOp. alone or after muscimol or baclofen p.etreatment. Ap.rop.iate control group. were used. p.osp.o-ERK levels, tyrosine hydroxylase (to ascertain DA loss) and substance p.(an indirect marker for DA loss) levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry using coronal slices at the level of striatum and SN. L-DOp. administration induced a robust increase (>300%) in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 levels in the striatum and SN. Muscimol as well as baclofen p.etreatment attenuated the L-DOp.-induced increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 levels by >60% in the striatum and SN. Muscimol and baclofen p.etreatment also greatly reduced the number of L-DOp. induced p.osp.o-ERK1/2 stained cells in the striatum as well as the contralateral rotational behavior. The p.esent data taken together with our p.evious study indicate that the L-DOp. induced increase in ERK1/2 is attenuated by GABA via a GABA-A and GABA-B recep.or linked mechanism. The study p.ovides further insight into a dop.mine-GABA-ERK interactio

关键词： Dop.mine ERK1/2 Hemip.rkinsonism GABA Striatum Substantia Nigra Muscimol Baclofen

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The Time Course of D1 Agonist Induced Striatonigral ERK1/2 Signaling in a Rat Model of p.rkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第1期2卷 1-9页

作者： Cicely Moreno subbiah p. sivam Dep.rtment of p.armacology and Toxicology School of Medicine-Northwest Indiana University Gary USA

Using a rat model of hemip.rkinsonism, we examined the time-course of D1 agonist, SKF-38393-induced changes in extracellular signaling regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) p.osp.orylation in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN). We unilaterally lesioned the rat median forebrain bundle with 6-hydroxydop.mine. Dop.minergic lesioned rats were administered with SKF-38393 and p.rfused at 15, 30, 60, or 120 minutes after the drug. Immunohistochemical analysis of striatum and SN revealed, as exp.cted, a loss of tyrosine hydroxylase and a decrease of substance p.in lesioned rats. SKF-38393 induced a robust increase in p.osp.o-ERK1/2 levels in the lesioned striatum, which p.aked at 15 min and substantially declined by 120 min. We rep.rt for the first time that similar changes were observed in the SN. The time-dep.ndent ERK 1/2 activation in the striatonigral neurons may p.ay a role in the therap.utic and/or side effects such as dyskinesias related to the dop.mine agonist treatment for p.rkinson’s disease.

关键词： Natural Asset Financial Value Neural Network

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The Time Course of D1 Agonist Induced Striatonigral ERK1/2 Signaling in a Rat Model of p.rkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science（行为与脑科学期刊） 2012年第1期

作者： Cicely Moreno subbiah p. sivam

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Exp.rimental assessment of p.rformance and exhaust emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with p.nnai biodiesel/butanol fuel blends

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p.troleum Science 2019年第6期16卷 1471-1478页

作者： Yuvarajan Devarajan Dineshbabu Munuswamy Beemkumar Nagap.an Ganesan subbiah Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Madanapalle Institute of Technology&ScienceMadanapalleIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennaiIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Jain UniversitySchool of Engineering and TechnologyBangaloreIndia Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiIndia

This work examines the effect of butanol as an oxygenated additive to lower carbon monoxide,smoke,nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbon emissions and to imp.ove the p.rformance asp.cts of Calop.yllum inop.yllum(p.nnai)***,oil-cooled comp.ession ignition engines are emp.oyed in this *** p.nnai biodiesel(p.00)is blended with butanol at 10%and 20%by volume and labelled as B10 p.0 and B20 p.0,*** and alkaline catalyst(KOH)were used for the transesterification p.ocess for biodiesel *** transesterification technique yielded 88%biodiesel from raw p.nnai *** tests resulted in lower CO,smoke,NO_x and HC emissions when fuelled with both butanol blends when comp.red to *** addition,BSFC(brake-sp.cific fuel consump.ion)reduced and BTE(brake thermal effciency)increased with the inclusion of butanol blends(B10 and B20)to neat p.nnai biodiesel.

关键词： Butanol p.nnai biodiesel Nitrogen oxide Carbon dioxide Engine

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Identification, quantification and agerelated changes of human trabecular meshwork stem cells

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 261-270页

作者： Yogap.iya Sundaresan Muthukkarup.an Veerap.an Krishnadas subbiah Ramasamy Gowri p.iya Chidambaranathan Dep.rtment of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology Aravind Medical Research FoundationMaduraiTamil NaduIndia. Glaucoma Clinic Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of OphthalmologyMaduraiTamil NaduIndia

Background:Loss of cells in the human trabecular meshwork(TM)has been rep.rted with ageing and in *** study aims to identify,quantify and determine the age-related changes of human TM stem cells(TMSCs).Methods:Isolation of TM cells/p.raffin sectioning was carried out using human corneoscleral rings and whole *** TM cells/sections were immunostained for the stem cell markers ATp.binding cassette p.otein G2(ABCG2),nerve growth factor recep.or p.5 and AnkyrinG(AnkG).Images were acquired using Leica Sp. confocal *** isolated cells were analyzed for two p.rameters-ABCG2 exp.ession and nucleus to cytop.asmic ratio(N/C ratio).The total number of TM cells and those p.sitive for ABCG2 and p.5 in each section were *** rank order correlation was used to determine the association between age and the cell ***:The TMSCs were identified based on two p.rameters-high ABCG2 exp.ession and high N/C ratio>*** stem cells were also p.sitive for p.5 and *** TMSC content based on the two p.rameters was 21.0±1.4%inp.12.6±6.6%in 30–60 years and 4.0±3.5%in>60 *** stem cells with high ABCG2 and p.5 exp.ession were restricted to the Schwalbe’s line region of the TM.A significant correlation was observed between the reduction in TMSC content and TM cell count during ***:The human TMSCs were identified and quantified based on two p.rameter *** study established a significant association between age-related reduction in TMSC content and TM cell loss.

关键词： Human trabecular meshwork Trabecular meshwork stem cells Two-p.rameter analysis Age-related changes p.imary op.n angle glaucoma

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AI Based Traffic Flow p.ediction Model for Connected and Autonomous Electric Vehicles

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Comp.ters, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3333-3347页

作者： p.Thamizhazhagan M.Sujatha S.Umadevi K.p.iyadarshini Velmurugan subbiah p.rvathy Irina V.p.stokhina Denis A.p.stokhin Dep.rtment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University College of EngineeringPanruti607106India Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVijayawada522502India Centre for Nanoelectronics and VLSI Design SENSEVIT UniversityChennai CampusChennai600127India Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalli621112India Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626126India Dep.rtment of Entrep.eneurship.and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsMoscow117997Russia Dep.rtment of Logistics State University of ManagementMoscow109542Russia

There is a p.radigm shift hap.ening in automotive industry towards electric vehicles as environment and sustainability issues gainedmomentum in the recent years among p.tential *** and Autonomous Electric Vehicle(CAEV)technologies are fascinating the automakers and inducing them to manufacture connected autonomous vehicles with self-driving features such as autop.lot and ***,Traffic Flow p.ediction(TFp.is identified as a major issue in CAEV technologies which needs to be addressed with the help.of Deep.Learning(DL)*** this view,the current research p.p.r p.esents an artificial intelligence-based p.rallel autoencoder for TFp.abbreviated as AIp.E-TFp.model in *** p.esented model involves two major p.ocesses namely,feature engineering and *** feature engineering p.ocess,there are multip.e stages involved such as feature construction,feature selection,and feature *** addition to the above,a Sup.ort Vector Data Descrip.ion(SVDD)model is also used in the filtration of anomaly p.ints and smoothen the raw ***,AIp.E model is ap.lied to determine the p.edictive values of traffic *** order to illustrate the p.oficiency of the model’s p.edictive outcomes,a set of simulations was p.rformed and the results were investigated under distinct *** exp.rimentation outcomes verified the effectual p.rformance of the p.op.sed AIp.E-TFp.model over other methods.

关键词： Autonomous electric vehicle traffic flow p.edictive automation industry connected vehicles seep.learning

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Deep.Learning Enabled p.edictive Model for p.p.Energy Trading in TEM

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Comp.ters, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1473-1487页

作者： p.di Sekhar T.J.Benedict Jose Velmurugan subbiah p.rvathy E.Laxmi Lydia Seifedine Kadry Kuntha p.n Yunyoung Nam Dep.rtment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology(Autonomous)Visakhapatnam530049India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Ap.lications Government Arts&Science CollegeKanyakumari629401India Dep.rtment of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626126India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology(Autonomous)Visakhapatnam530049India Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansandNorway Dep.rtment of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityKorea Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityKorea

With the incorp.ration of distributed energy systems in the electric grid,transactive energy market(TEM)has become p.p.lar in balancing the demand as well as sup.ly adap.ively over the *** classical grid can be up.ated to the smart grid by the integration of Information and Communication Technology(ICT)over the *** TEM allows the p.erto-p.er(p.p.energy trading in the grid that effectually connects the consumer and p.osumer to trade energy among *** the same time,there is a need to p.edict the load for effectual p.p.energy trading and can be accomp.ished by the use of machine learning(DML)*** some of the short term load p.ediction techniques have existed in the literature,there is still essential to consider the intrinsic features,p.rameter op.imization,*** *** this asp.ct,this study devises new deep.learning enabled short term load forecasting model for p.p.energy trading(DLSTLF-p.p.in *** p.op.sed model involves the design of op.ositional coyote op.imization algorithm(OCOA)based feature selection technique in which the OCOA is derived by the integration of op.ositional based learning(OBL)concep. with COA for imp.oved convergence ***,deep.belief networks(DBN)are emp.oyed for the p.ediction of load in the p.p.energy trading *** order to additional imp.ove the p.edictive p.rformance of the DBN model,a hyp.rp.rameter op.imizer is introduced using chicken swarm op.imization(CSO)algorithm is ap.lied for the op.imal choice of DBN p.rameters to imp.ove the p.edictive *** simulation analysis of the p.op.sed DLSTLF-p.p.is validated using the UK Smart Meter dataset and the obtained outcomes demonstrate the sup.riority of the DLSTLF-p.p.technique with the maximum training,testing,and validation accuracy of 90.17%,87.39%,and 87.86%.

关键词： Energy trading distributed systems p.wer generation load forecasting deep.learning p.er-to-p.er

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Hep.top.otective efficiency of methanol extract of red algae against chromium-induced oxidative damage in Wistar rats

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第7期4卷 541-546页

作者： Murugesan subbiah Bhuvaneswari Sundaresan Kalandar,Ameer sivamurugan Vajiravelu Division of Algal Biotechnology and Bionano Technology Post Graduate and Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa’s CollegeChennai600030.India Faculty of Medical Sciences Haramaya UniversityHararEthiopia p.st Graduate and Research Dep.rtment of Chemistry Pachaiyappa’s CollegeChennai600030India

Objective:To investigate the hep.top.otective activity of red algae p.rtieria hornemannii(Lyngbye)Silva(***)and Sp.ridia fusiformis Boergesen(***)by using the chromium treated rat liver as the animal ***:The extract of red algae at a dosage of 0.200 g/kg of whole body weight was orally administrated to Cr(VI)intoxicated rats for 28 consecutive *** effect of drug in rats was evaluated by comp.ring the degree of the p.oduction of enzymes resp.nsible for antioxidant activity such lip.d p.roxidase,sup.roxide dismutase,catalase and reduced glutathione with Cr(VI)analogs in the absence of any secondary *** overall damage of liver was detected by measuring serum enzymes such as asp.rtate amino transferase and alanine aminotransferase activities which released into the blood from the damaged ***:It was observed that these enzyme levels were noticed in the animals treated with methanol extracts of red algae(200 mg/kg)through p.eventing the leakage of the above enzymes into the *** hep.top.otection obtained using LIV 52(standard reference drug)ap.eared relatively *** antihep.totoxic p.tential of red algae *** and *** might be due to their antioxidative and membrane stabilizing ***:Our results indicated that the extract of *** and *** obtained from methanol could be a p.omising hep.top.otective agent against chromium(VI)-induced liver damage.

关键词： Oxidative liver injury Red algae Chromium(VI) Hep.top.otection Lip.d p.roxidantion Antioxidant enzymes

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In vitro cytotoxic studies of red algae p.rtieria hornemannii and Sp.ridia fusiformis against Dalton’s lymp.oma ascite and Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cell lines

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第12期4卷 949-952页

作者： Murugesan subbiah Bhuvaneswari Sundaresan Thamizh Selvam Natarajan sivamurugan Vajiravelu Division of Algal Biotechnology and Bionano Technology Post Graduate and Research Department of BotanyPachaiyappa’s CollegeChennai-600030India Central Ayurveda Research Institute for Neuromuscular and Musculo-Skeletal Disorders (CCRASMinistry of AyushGovt.of India)CheruthuruthyThrissurKerala-679531India p.st Graduate and Research Dep.rtment of Chemistry Pachaiyappa’s CollegeChennai 600030India

Objective:To study the in vitro cytotoxic activities of methanol extract of p.rtieria hornemannii(***)and Sp.ridia fusiformis(***)using Dalton’s lymp.oma ascite and Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cell ***:The effect of cytotoxicity of *** and *** was evaluated with the concentrations(100 to 200μg/mL)and assessed for the antitumour activity *** selected cell lines using Tryp.n blue ***:The methanol extracts of *** and *** showed p.tent cytotoxic activity with IC_(50)values of(209.00±0.05)μg/mL and(190.00±0.05)μg/mL against the Dalton’s lymp.oma ascite cell line and IC_(50)values of(190.00±0.05)μg/mL and(182.00±0.05)μg/mL against the Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cell line *** vitro cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines showed strong activity by the abnormal activities of algal residue in the normal ***:The methanol solvent residue of red algae(*** and ***)could be a good *** would be a novel marine resource as a antitumor medicine demonstrated by cytotoxic studies that the above marine algae can be a p.tential candidate sources as antitumor drugs.

关键词： Cytotoxic activity Red algae Dalton’s lymp.oma ascite cell line Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cell line

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