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Cancer stem cells in neuroblastoma therapy resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 948-967页

作者： natarajan Aravindan Drishti Jain Dinesh Babu Somasundaram Terence S.Herman Sheeja Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Department of Pathology The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Department of Anesthesiology The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Neuroblastoma(NB)is the most common cancer of infancy and accounts for nearly one tenth of pediatric cancer *** mortality rate has been attributed to the>50%frequency of relapse despite intensive,multimodal clinical therapy in patients with progressive *** the disease’s heterogeneity and developed resistance,attaining a cure after relapse of progressive NB is highly challenging.A rapid decrease in the timeline between successive recurrences is likely due to the ongoing acquisition of genetic rearrangements in undifferentiated NB-cancer stem cells(CSCs).In this review,we present the current understanding of NB-CSCs,their intrinsic role in tumorigenesis,their function in disease progression,and their influence on acquired therapy resistance and tumor *** particular,this review focus on the intrinsic involvement of stem cells and signaling in the genesis of NB,the function of pre-existing CSCs in NB progression and therapy response,the formation and influence of induced CSCs(iCSCs)in drug resistance and tumor evolution,and the development of a CSC-targeted therapeutic approach.

关键词： Neuroblastoma therapy resistance cancer stem cells clonal selection drug resistance induced cancer stem cell

Ciona intestinalis as an emerging model organism: its regeneration under controlled conditions and methodology for egg dechorionation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第6期7卷 467-474页

作者： LIU Li-ptng XIANG Jian-hai DONG Bo natarajan Pavanasam YU Kui-jie CAI Nan-er Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China College of Aqua-Life Science and Technology Shanghai Fisheries University Shanghai 200090 China Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries University of Kerala Trivandrum 695034 India

The ascidian Ciona intestinalis is a model organism of developmental and evolutionary biology and may provide orucial clues concerning two fundamental matters, namely, how chordates originated from the putative deuterostome ancestor and how advanced chordates originated from the simplest chordates. In this paper, a whole-life-span culture of C. intestinalis was conducted. Fed with the diet combination of dry Spirulina, egg yolk, Dicrateria sp., edible yeast and weaning diet for shrimp, C. intestinalis grew up to average 59 mm and matured after 60 d cultivation. This culture process could be repeated using the artificially cultured mature ascidians as material. When the fertilized eggs were maintained under 10, 15, 20, 25 ℃, they hatched within 30 h, 22 h, 16 h and 12 h 50 min respectively experiencing cleavage, blastulation, gastrulation, neurulation, tailbud stage and tadpole stage, The tadpole larvae were characterized as typical but simplified chordates because of their dorsal nerve cord, notochord and primordial brain. After 8-24 h freely swimming, the tadpole larvae settled on the substrates and metamorphosized within 1-2 d into filter feeding sessile juvenile ascidians. In addition, unfertilized eggs were successfully dechorionated in filtered seawater containing 1% Tripsin, 0.25% EDTA at pH of 10.5 within 40 min. After fertilization, the dechorionated eggs developed well and hatched at normal hatching rate. In conclusion, this paper presented feasible methodology for rearing the tadpole larvae of C. intestinalis into sexual maturity under controlled conditions and detailed observations on the embryogenesis of the laboratory cultured ascidians, which will facilitate developmental and genetic research using this model system.

关键词： Cona intestinalls Model organism Laboratory culture Embryogenesis

Waterborne Polyurethane from Polycaprolactone and Tetramethylxylene Diisocyanate: Synthesis by Varying NCO/OH Ratio and Its Characterization as Wood Coatings

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Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 2014年第1期4卷 37-42页

作者： Bosco Joseph Vincent Balasubramaniyan natarajan SRM University Kattankulathur Tamilnadu India

Environmentally friendly, polyacrylic-based polyurethane dispersion (PUD) was synthesised using various molar ratios of polycaprolactone, dimethylolpropionic acid and tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate. Synthesis was carried out in flowing nitrogen atmosphere. The PUD’s preparations are free of NMP (n-methyl pyrrolidone), a toxic processing solvent generally used during the preparation of PUD’s. The performance of the synthesised polyurethane dispersions with varying NCO/OH molar ratio was tested on wood surface. The physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical properties such as viscosity, particle size, chemical resistance, thermal stability and taber abrasion of applied polyurethane dispersion were carried out as a function of NCO/OH molar ratio. The PUD’s preparation with NCO/OH ratio of 1.4 or 1.6 showed better performance as a wood finish and the results are described in the present study.

关键词： Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion Wood Coatings NCO/OH Ratio

Unsupported nanoporous palladium‐catalyzed chemoselective hydrogenation of quinolines:Heterolytic cleavage of H_2 molecule

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2018年第11期39卷 1746-1752页

作者： Ye Lu Yoshinori Yamamoto Abdulrahman I.Almansour natarajan Arumugam Raju Suresh Kumar Ming Bao State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023LiaoningChina Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980‐8578Japan Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShiga 525‐8577Japan Department of Chemistry College of SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

An efficient and highly chemoselective heterogeneous catalyst system for quinoline hydrogenation was developed using unsupported nanoporous palladium(PdNPore).The PdNPore‐catalyzed chemoselective hydrogenation of quinoline proceeded smoothly under mild reaction conditions(low H2 pressure and temperature)to yield 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines(py‐THQs)in satisfactory to excellent *** synthetically useful functional groups,such as halogen,hydroxyl,formyl,ethoxycarbonyl,and aminocarbonyl groups,remained intact during the quinoline *** palladium was leached from PdNPore during the hydrogenation ***,the catalyst was easily recovered and reused without any loss of catalytic *** results of kinetic,deuterium‐hydrogen exchange,and deuterium‐labeling experiments indicated that the present hydrogenation involves heterolytic H2 splitting on the surface of the catalyst.

关键词： Nanoporous materials Palladium Quinoline Chemoselective hydrogenation Heterogeneous catalyst

Morphometric and Volumetric Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus as an Aid in Sex Identification in Forensic Odontology-A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 12-16页

作者： Denny E.Ceena Mohana Bhoraskar Srikant natarajan Almas Binnal T.S.Bastian Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Manipal College of Dental SciencesMangaloreKarnatakaIndia Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology Manipal College of Dental SciencesMangaloreKarnatakaIndia Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology College of DentistryUniversity of FloridaGainsvilleFloridaUS Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and HospitalMahéKeralaIndia

Background:Various methods are used in forensic odontology for the purpose of sex and personal *** of them include cheiloscopy,rugoscopy,mandibular measurements,and study of paranasal *** our study,we have used maxillary sinus as an aid in sex *** this purpose,we have evaluated the morphometric and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus using a 3-Dimensional imaging modality,Cone Beam Computed *** and Objectives:Sex and age identification are important in the process of identification of both the living and the ***,this transverse retrospective study was done to appraise the precision of the dimensions and volume of the maxillary sinus to aid in sex and age *** and Methods:Eighty full Field of View(FOV)Cone-Beam Computed Tomography(CBCT)images were retrieved from the archives which were matched with age and *** maxillary sinuses on either side were measured mediolaterally in the axial section and supero-inferiorly in the coronal *** volumetric analysis of the sinus was done in the sagittal *** sex was classified using discriminant function analysis and the differences were compared using independent *** differences with age were analyzed using one-way ***:Independent t-test was done for comparison of the sinuses between both *** sinuses measurements were larger among the males both superior-inferiorly on either side(P<0.001)and mediolaterally on the right(P<0.049)showed statistically significant values.A significant correlation existed while comparing the maxillary sinus volume among both the sexes on either side(P<0.001 and<0.002 in the case of right and left respectively).On comparing the supero-inferior and mediolateral measurements and the maxillary sinus volume on either side among the various age groups,the values were statistically *** study shows that the maxillary sinus measurements using Cone-beam computed

关键词： Cone‑beam computed tomography forensic odontology maxillary sinus sex identification

The Triple Procedure:Analysis of Structural,Functional&Refractive Outcome

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Journal of Geriatric Medicine 2019年第3期1卷 9-12页

作者： Radhika natarajan Bharti Ahuja MS Medical Research Foundation India

To analyse the outcome of Triple procedure(Combined penetrating keratoplasty,cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation)is a surgical technique for visually disabling corneal conditions with associated ***:The medical records of 120 patients who underwent triple procedure between January 2007 and December 2011 in terms of demographic data,past ophthalmic history,indications for surgery were retrospectively *** preoperative data included the initial visual acuity at the time of presentation,slit lamp findings of cornea(scar,haze,vascularisation,stromal folds with bullae),anterior chamber,lens details,intraocular pressure status,posterior segment examination with the help of indirect ophthalmoscope or B scan ***:A total of 120 corneal triple procedures performed were included in this *** 120 patients,25(20.83%)were male and 95(79.17%)were *** age of these patients was 42.45+/-15.85 years(range 9 to 75 years).The mean postoperative follow up was 15.08+/-12.8 months(range,1.5 to 49 months).Failed therapeutic grafts(42.5%)-was the common indication found for ***,intraocular pressure was increased in 11(9.16%)*** triple procedure in terms of combined penetrating keratoplasty with extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation(PK+ECCE+IOL)was performed in 114(95%)eyes,01(0.83%)eye underwent keratoplasty with phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation(PK+PE+IOL),and secondary intraocular lens implantation(PK+IOL)in 05(4.17%)***:Triple procedure is an effective surgical option in corneal diseases associated with *** provides an optimal visual and refractive outcome especially in high risk grafts situation.

关键词： PCR Viral keratitis Diagnostic dilemma

Breeding Resilience:Exploring Lodging Resistance Mechanisms in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第6期31卷 659-672页

作者： Durga Prasad MULLANGIE Kalaimagal THIYAGARAJAN Manonmani SWAMINATHAN Jagadeesan RAMALINGAM Sritharan natarajan Senthilkumar GOVINDAN Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Centre for Plant Breeding and GeneticsTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore 641003India Department of Rice Centre for Plant Breeding and GeneticsTamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore 641003India Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore 641003India

Lodging is more than just plants falling over;it incurs significant economic losses for farmers leading to a decrease in both yield and quality of the final *** management practices,such as dense sowing,excessive nitrogen fertilizer applications,inappropriate sowing dates,and upland rice cultivation,exacerbate the risk of lodging in *** breeders have developed high-yielding rice varieties utilizing the sd1 gene,relying solely on this gene is insufficient to enhance lodging *** the traits that contribute to lodging resistance is *** factors include biochemical,anatomical,and morphological traits,such as the levels of lignin,cellulose,hemicellulose,silicon,and potassium,along with the number and area of vascular bundles and the thickness,diameter,and length of the ***,markers associated with lodging-related genes,like SCM2,SCM3,SCM4,and prl4,can be utilized effectively in marker-assisted backcrossing to develop rice varieties with desirable culm *** literature review aims to aid rice breeders in addressing the issue of lodging by examining traits that influence lodging resistance,developing phenotyping strategies for these traits,identifying suitable instrumentation,exploring methods for screening lodging-resistant plants,understanding the mathematical relationships involved,and considering molecular breeding aspects for pyramiding genes related to lodging.

关键词： rice lodging resistance breaking and bending type lodging culm strength SCM gene prl gene lignin cellulose

FPGA Implementation of Non-Linear Cryptography

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第8期7卷 1250-1258页

作者： Thammampatti natarajan Prabakar Balasub.amanian Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan Seetharaman Oxford Engineering College Trichy India Researcher Trichy India

The paper focuses on the design and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of embedded system for time based dual encryption scheme with Delay Compulsion Function (DCF) and also illustrates the application of DCF in time based cryptography. Further, the strength of the time based FPGA encryption algorithm with and without using DCF is analyzed using a Nios II processor. This proposed scheme enhances the security of vital data against Brute force attack by incorporating a temporal key distribution where two different keys encrypt the data simultaneously, one being the regular key and the other being the time. The time is included using a dynamically varying number of shifts thereby allowing the system to wait for the duration and this forms the second dimension of the key. Presently, available encryption systems suffer from Brute Force attack in which all the key combinations are tried in order to find the correct key. In such a case, the time taken for breaking the key depends on the speed of the system used for cryptanalysis. The proposed system adds complexity by using dynamically varying sequence of operations, by including the time as a second dimension of the key besides minimizing the possibility of Brute Force attack and increasing the time required for cryptanalysis irrespective of the system capability. As the proposed system needs concurrent execution and real time processing, the system is implemented using Altera Stratix II FPGA and the results are presented.

关键词： FPGA Encryption Delay Compulsion Function Cryptanalysis Brute Force Attack

Nutritional evaluation of the moonfish Mene maculata(Bloch&Schneider,1801)from Parangipettai,southeast coast of India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第1期 53-58页

作者： Palanivel Bharadhirajan natarajan Periyasamy Sambantham Murugan Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To assess the nutritions in Mene maculata(Bloch&Schneider,1801)(***).Methods:Fishes(14-16 cm)were obtained from the landings at Parangipettai for the evaluation of biochemical *** present study deals with biochemical composition such as protein,carbohydrate,lipid,amino acids fatty acids,vitamins and minerals which were evaluated in the ***:protein was high in the tissue(23.16%),followed by the carbohydrate(1.3%)and lipid(2.62%).Totally 20 essential and nonessential amino acids were present at the rate of 46.72%and 43.91%.In the analysis,the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography revealed the presence of higher amount of saturated fatty acid(palmitic acid 22.17%)than monounsaturated fatty acid(oleic acid 14.51%)and polyunsaturated fatty acid(alpha linolenic acid 16.07%).Vitamins were detected in *** them,vitamin A was found in higher levels(124.5 mg/g),whereas vitamin B6 was noticed as lower levels(0.34 mg/g).In the present study,totally 5 macro minerals and 2 trace minerals were *** macro mineral calcium(156.7 mg/g)was found at the highest level and other minerals such as sodium(31.98 mg/g),potassium(21.33 mg/g),copper(1.43 mg/g)and magnesium(0.341 mg/g)were also detected in the ***:The results of proximate composition in *** showed that the percentage of The result showed that the moonfish *** tissue is a valuable food recipe for human consumption,due to its high quality protein and well-balanced amino acids.

关键词： Moonfish Mene maculata Biochemical composition Amino acid Fatty acids Vitamins and minerals