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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Rui Yu Xi cao Chengyang Zhu Qingqing Chen Ziyi Yan Binbin Jiang Junjie Mao Xianwen Wei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Clean Energy of Anhui Higher Education Institutes College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal University Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis and Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anqing Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology

Developing highly efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） is grandly challenging in alkaline and alkaline seawater electrolytes. Herein, the asymmetric interfacial active sites with Ru nanoparticles and Ni single atoms in Ru/Ni-N-C were designed through a solvothermal-pyrolysis process. Constructing highly asymmetric interfacial active sites with a strong electron delocalization effect significantly improves HER kinetics. As expected, Ru/Ni-N-C requires low overpotentials with around 20 mV at 10 mA cm-2and robust durability over 48 h in alkaline and alkaline seawater *** at 200 mA cm-2, the overpotentials are close to 100 mV in both above electrolytes for Ru/Ni-N-C. Density function theory calculation results suggest that the asymmetric interface between Ru nanoparticle and Ni-N-C could accelerate the dissociation of water molecules and modulate the hydrogen species, consequently improving the HER performances. This work opens a unique approach for constructing advanced materials for energy conversion.

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Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第5期19卷 596-602页

作者： LIN Ai-jun ZHANG Xu-hong CHEN mei-mei cao Qing Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Department of Soil Environmental Sciences Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Beijing City University Beijing 100083 China

Experimental evidence shows that cadmium （Cd） could induce oxidative stress and then causes DNA damage in animal cells, however, whether such effect exists in plants is still unclear. In the present study, Vicia faba plants was exposed to 5 and 10 mg/L Cd for 4 d to investigate the distribution of Cd in plant, the metal effects on the cell lipids, antioxidative enzymes and DNA damages in leaves. Cd induced an increase in Cd concentrations in plants. An enhanced level of lipid peroxidation in leaves and an enhanced concentration of H2O2 in root tissues suggested that Cd caused oxidative stress in Vicia faba. Compared with control, Cd-induced enhancement in superoxide dismutase activity was significant at 5 mg/L than at 10 mg/kg in leaves, by contrast, catalase and peroxidaseactivities were significantly suppressed by Cd addition. DNA damage was detected by neutral/neutral, alkaline/neutral and alkaline/alkaline Comet assay. Increased levels of DNA damages induced by Cd occurred with reference to oxidative stress in leaves, therefore, oxidative stress induced by Cd accumulation in plants contributed to DNA damages and was possibly an important mechanism of Cd-phytotoxicity in Vicia faba plants.

关键词： Cd Vicia faba oxidative stress DNA damage

Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel sulfonylurea Derivatives

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2011年第1期27卷 60-65页

作者： cao Gang WANG mei-yi WANG Ming-zhong WANG su-hua LI Yong-hong LI Zheng-ming State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Research institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North University for Ethnics Yinchuan 750021 P. R. China

sulfonylurea herbicides have been applied worldwide in agriculture. Some sulfonylurea residues might exist in soil longer than that people expected. However, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium which was firstly reported as a new 5-substituted sulfonylurea herbicide has less than one month residual life. Therefore, 5-substituted benzenesulfonylureas are potential molecules to regulate its residual situation. In order to develop new sulfonylurea derivatives, the substituent on the critical 5-posotion of the benzene ring was optimized. On the basis of our former work on sulfonylureas which contains a characteristic mono-substituted pyrimidine moiety, twenty-six new sulfonylurea deriva- tives were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 31p NMR and elemental analysis. The greenhouse bioassay tests show that some title compounds exhibit potent herbicidal activity.

关键词： sulfonylurea 5-substituted phenyl ring Herbicidal activity

Towards application-level elasticity on shared cluster： an actor-based approach

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2017年第5期11卷 803-820页

作者： Donggang cao Lianghuan KANG Hanglong ZHAN Hong mei Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of Education Beijing 100871 China Beida (Binhai) Information Research Tianjin 300450 China

In current cluster computing, several distributed frameworks are designed to support elasticity for business services adapting to environment fluctuation. However, most existing works support elasticity mainly at the resource level, leaving application level elasticity support problem to domain-specific frameworks and applications. This paper proposes an actor-based general approach to support application-level elasticity for multiple cluster computing frameworks. The actor model offers scalability and decouples language-level concurrency from the runtime environment. By extending actors, a new middle layer called Unisupervisor is designed to ＂sit＂ between the resource management layer and application framework layer. Actors in Unisupervisor can automatically distribute and execute tasks over clusters and dynamically scale in/out. Based on Unisupervisor, high-level profiles （MasterSlave, MapReduce, Streaming, Graph, and Pipeline） for diverse cluster computing requirements can be supported. The entire approach is implemented in a prototype system called UniAS. In the evaluation, both benchmarks and real applications are tested and analyzed in a small scale cluster. Results show that UniAS is expressive and efficiently elastic.

关键词： elasticity elastic scaling actor programmingmodel cluster computing concurrent and parallel processing

Analysis of load and adaptability of disc cutters during shield tunneling in soft-hard varied strata

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 533-545页

作者： Fengwei YANG Weilin su Yi YANG Zhiguo cao Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.Zhengzhou 450003China Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou 450003China Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

The disc cutters of shield machines exhibit unsatisfactory adaptability and performance during the soft–hard varied strata tunneling *** analyze the rotation state,cutting performance,and adaptability of disc cutters during shield tunneling in soft–hard varied strata,the Holmquist Johnson Cook and Federal Highway Administration constitutive models are introduced to numerically simulate the failure process of materials on the excavation face and to calculate the load of disc ***,the parameters of the models are modified based on laboratory disc cutter excavation test *** results of numerical calculation can reflect the load level and the behavior of the disc cutters during *** tangential loads of the disc cutters during the cutting of four typical soft-strata excavation face models are numerically calculated,thus providing reference values for the starting torque of the disc cutters.A greater penetration is suggested for soft-strata tunneling to allow the disc cutters to rotate smoothly and continuously as well as to guarantee a better cutting *** disc cutters in the center of the cutterhead should be specified with a lower starting torque to prevent uneven wear,rotation stagnation,cutterhead clogging,and other adverse phenomena.

关键词： shield tunneling disc cutter load laboratory excavation test numerical calculation soft-hard varied strata

First-principles study of defect control in thin-film solar cell materials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第3期64卷 28-45页

作者： Hui-Xiong Deng RuYue cao su-Huai Wei State Key Laboratory of superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China

A solar cell is a photovoltaic device that converts solar radiation energy to electrical energy, which plays a leading role in alleviating global energy shortages and decreasing air pollution levels typical of conventional fossil fuels. To render solar cells more efficient, high visible-light absorption rates and excellent carrier transport properties are required to generate high carrier levels and high output voltage. Hence, the core material, i.e., the absorption layer, should have an appropriate direct band gap and be effectively doped by both p-and n-types with minimal carrier traps and recombination centers. Consequently, defect properties of absorbers are critical in determining solar cell efficiency. In this work, we review recent first-principles studies of defect properties and engineering in four representative thin-film solar cells, namely CdTe, Cu(In,Ga)Se2, Cu2ZnSnS4, and halide perovskites. The focal points include basic electronic and defect properties, existing problems, and possible solutions in engineering defect properties of those materials to optimize solar cell efficiency.

关键词： first-principles study thin-film solar cells defect engineering energy conversion efficiency

Numerical study of the influence of the atmospheric pressure on the thermal environment in the passenger cabin

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Building Simulation 2024年第2期17卷 253-265页

作者： Xin su Yu Guo Zhengwei Long Yi cao Tianjin Key Lab.of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Jinke RoadPudong DistrictShanghai201210China

The cabin air pressure remains lower than the horizontal atmospheric pressure when the airplane is in *** pressure is one of the parameters that must be taken into consideration while studying the thermal environment of an airplane *** are still no reference values for aircraft cabins despite the fact that numerous studies on low pressure heat transfer have demonstrated the connection between convective heat transfer coefficient(CHTC)and air *** this paper,a correction method for CHTC under low pressure conditions was established by using the dummy heat dissipation in the low-pressure cabin *** this basis,a thermal environment simulation model was developed,then was applied to the simulation of a seven-row aircraft cabin containing 42 passengers,and the CHTC and heat loss of dummy surface in the cabin were ***,the results of PMV calculated by using heat dissipation and air parameters at sampling points were *** results show that the modified CHTC can accurately reflect the cabin thermal environment under low pressure conditions,and the correction of CHTC can be realized by adjusting the turbulent Prandtl number,which is nonlinear correlated with the *** simulation results of the thermal environment in the seven-row cabin show that the CHTC changes by about 42%before and after *** air pressure decreases during take-off,which reduces the average CHTC of the crew surface from 5.09 W/(m^(2)·K)to 4.56 W/(m^(2)·K),but the air temperature rises by about 0.2°C as a *** deviation of PMV results calculated by using simulated heat loss data and using air parameters of measuring points in space is up to 0.5,but the latter is representative for calculating the thermal comfort level of the whole cabin.

关键词： low pressure aircraft cabin simulation heat dissipation convective heat transfer coefficient

supramolecular assembly of chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex with photosystem Ⅰfrom Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 454-467页

作者： Xiaodong su Duanfang cao Xiaowei Pan Lifang Shi Zhenfeng Liu Luca Dall’Osto Roberto Bassi Xinzheng Zhang mei Li National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China College of Life Science Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100101P.R.China Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Universitàdi Verona37134 VeronaItaly Center for Biological Imaging CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101P.R.China

Cyclic electron transport/flow(CET/CEF)in chloroplasts is a regulatory process essential for the optimization of plant photosynthetic efficiency.A crucial CEF pathway is catalyzed by a membrane-embedded NADH dehydrogenase-like(NDH)complex that contains at least 29 protein subunits and associates with photosystem I(PSI)to form the NDH-PSI ***,we report the 3.9Åresolution structure of the Arabidopsis thaliana NDH-PSI(AtNDH-PSI)*** constructed structural models for 26 AtNDH subunits,among which 11 are unique to chloroplasts and stabilize the core part of the NDH *** the supercomplex,one NDH can bind up to two PSI-light-harvesting complex I(PSI-LHCI)complexes at both sides of its membrane *** minor LHCIs,Lhca5 and Lhca6,each present in one PSI-LHCI,interact with NDH and contribute to supercomplex formation and ***,our study reveals the structural details of the AtNDH-PSI supercomplex assembly and provides a molecular basis for further investigation of the regulatory mechanism of CEF in plants.

关键词： cyclic electron transport/flow NADH dehydrogenase-like(NDH)complex photosystem I structure Arabidopsis thaliana

Rational design of lipid-activatable NIR-II probes for precisely imaging atherosclerotic plaque

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Xinyu Xu Yuan Ma Hui cao Li Xu Haoming Chen sulai Liu Wei sun Guosheng Song Xiaobing Zhang State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Department of Hepatobiliary surgery/Central Laboratory Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational MedicineNanjing Medical University Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University

Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque; however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared(NIR-II) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-II emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-II imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-II probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate in vivo imaging in deeper tissues.

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Non-Hermitian Ising model at finite temperature

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第4期75卷 123-130页

作者： Qian Du Kui cao su-Peng Kou Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

As a very simple model,the Ising model plays an important role in statistical *** the paper,with the help of quantum Liouvillian statistical theory,we study the one-dimensional nonHermitian Ising model at finite temperature and give its analytical *** find that the nonHermitian Ising model shows quite different properties from those of its Hermitian *** example,the‘pseudo-phase transition’is explored between the‘topological’phase and the‘nontopological’phase,at which the Liouvillian energy gap is closed rather than the usual energy *** particular,we point out that the one-dimensional non-Hermitian Ising model at finite temperature can be equivalent to an effective anisotropic XY model in the transverse *** work will help people understand quantum statistical properties of non-Hermitian systems at finite temperatures.

关键词： non-Hermitian quantum system Ising model quantum statistical mechanics thermodynamics