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What is the best strategy for successful bowel preparation under special conditions?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2741-2745页

作者： Yun Jeong Lim su jin hong Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGyeonggi-Do 410-773South Korea Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonGyeonggi-Do 420-767South Korea

Adequate bowel preparation is important for successful colonoscopic examination. Several effective colonic cleansing agents are available and routinely prescribed, but each carries its own limitations and benefits from particular dosing regimens. The most frequently prescribed colonic cleansing agent, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) cathartic solution, suffers from low patient compliance in general, due to its unpalatable taste and smell coupled with the large ingested volumes required. However, PEG is preferred over other cathartics for use in individuals of advanced age, sufferers of chronic kidney disease, heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease, and women who are pregnant or lactating. The laxative agents sodium phosphate (NaP) and sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate have been applied and have improved patient compliance and tolerance. NaP, however, should be avoided in individuals with impaired renal function or plasma clearance, such as those with chronic kidney disease, who are taking drugs that affect renal function, or who suffer from heart failure. Other special conditions that may affect an individual’s tolerance of the cathartic agent or ability to complete the administration routine include stroke, severe constipation, hematochezia, suspicious lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and mental disorders such as dementia. All ingestible bowel preparation solutions can be instilled into the stomach and duodenum through nasogastric tube or esophagogastroduodenoscope with the aid of a water irrigation pump for patients with difficulties swallowing or ingesting the large volumes of fluid required. In addition, dietary regimens based on clear liquids and low-residue foods for 1-4 d prior to the colonoscopy may be supplemental bowel preparation strategies. Achieving an effective and safe cleansing of the bowel is important for successful colonoscopy in all patients, so full knowledge of the individual’s condition and capabilities is necessary

关键词： Colonoscopy Preparation Polyethylene glycols Special conditions Cathartic agent

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Rock fracture mechanism of buffer blasting with cushion layer at the borehole bottom

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 325-334页

作者： Xinguang Zhu Chenxi Ding Zhe sui hong su Xu Guo School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

This study primarily investigates the rock fracture mechanism of bottom cushion layer blasting and explores the effects of the bottom cushion layer on rock *** involves analyses of the evolution patterns of blasting stress,characteristics of crack distribution,and rock fracture features in the ***,blasting model experiments were carried out using the dynamic caustics principle to investigate the influence of bottom cushion layers and initiation methods on the integrity of the bottom rock *** experimental results indicate that the combined use of bottom cushion layers and inverse initiation effectively protects the integrity of the bottom rock ***,the process of stress wave propagation and dynamic crack propagation in rocks was simulated using the continuum-discontinuum element method(CDEM)and the Landau explosion source model,with varying thicknesses of bottom cushion *** numerical simulation results indicate that with increasing cushion thickness,the absorption of energy generated by the explosion becomes more pronounced,resulting in fewer cracks in the bottom rock *** illustrates the positive role of the cushion layer in protecting the integrity of the bottom rock mass.

关键词： bottom cushion layer blasting crack propagation continuum-discontinuum element method dynamic stress intensity factor

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Quantum public-key crypto via EPR pairs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 54-59页

作者： Xiang-Qun Fu hong-Wei Li Jian-hong Shi Tan Li Wan-su Bao Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou 450004China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

With the development of quantum computing technology,quantum public-key cryptography is gradually becoming an alternative to the existing classical public-key *** paper designs a quantum trapdoor one-way function via EPR pairs and quantum *** on this,a new quantum public-key cryptosystem is presented,which offers forward security,and can resist the chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext *** with the existing quantum public-key cryptos,eavesdropping can be automatically detected in this new quantum public-key cryptosystem under a necessary condition,which is also detailed in the paper.

关键词： quantum public-key crypto trapdoor one-way function EPR pairs

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Outcome after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer in Korea

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第31期17卷 3591-3595页

作者： Jun Haeng Lee su jin hong Jae Young Jang Seong Eun Kim Sang Young Seol Department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Digestive Disease CenterInstitute for Digestive ResearchSoon Chun Hyang University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kyung Hee University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Ewha Womans University School of MedicineEwha Medical Research Institute Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineInje University College of Medicine

Endoscopic treatment,such as endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),has been established as one of the treatment options for selected cases with early gastric cancer(EGC).Most studies on this topic have been carried out by researchers in ***,the experience in EMR/ESD for EGC outside Japan is increasingly *** Korea,gastric cancer is the most common malignant disease,and the second leading cause of cancer ***,EMR for EGC is widely performed in many centers in *** results with a shortterm follow-up period are very promising in *** resection rate of EMR was 37.8%-94.3%,and that of ESD was 77.4%-93.1%.In this review,we will provide an overview of the outcomes of endoscopic treatments in Korea.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Outcome

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Machine learning for online control of particle accelerators

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 94-104页

作者： Xiaolong Chen Zhijun Wang Yuan He hong Zhao Chunguang su Shuhui Liu Weilong Chen Xiaoying Zhao Xin Qi Kunxiang sun Chao jin Yimeng Chu hongwei Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Energy Science and Technonlogy Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516000China Department of Physics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Particle accelerators play a critical role in modern scientific ***,existing manual beam control methods heavily rely on experienced operators,leading to significant time consumption and potential challenges in managing next-generation accelerators characterized by higher beam current and stronger nonlinear *** this paper,we establish a dynamical foundation for designing the online adaptive controller of accelerators using machine *** provides a guarantee for dynamic controllability for a class of scientific instruments whose dynamics are described by spatial-temporal equations of motion but only part variables along the instruments under steady states are *** necessity of using historical time series of beam diagnostic data is *** strategies involve also employing a well-established virtual beamline of accelerators,by which various beam calibration scenarios that actual accelerators may encounter are *** the reinforcement learning algorithm is adopted to train the controller with the interaction to the virtual ***,the controller is seamlessly transitioned to real ion accelerators,enabling efficient online adaptive control and ***,the controller demonstrates significant robustness,effectively managing beams with diverse charge mass ratios without requiring *** a controller allows us to achieve the global control within the entire superconducting section of the China Accelerator Facility for superheavy Elements.

关键词： nonlinear complex system adaptive control machine learning particle accelerator simulation to reality

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产品创新如何影响我国企业对外直接投资速度?——基于微观层面数据的实证检验

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商业经济与管理 2018年第6期 74-82页

作者：余官胜苏锦红温州大学商学院浙江温州325035 上海财经大学国际工商管理学院上海200433

在国际投资理论中,传统观点认为具有产品创新的优势企业有更大的动机进行对外直接投资,而近年来发展中国家的实践则表明劣势企业出于获取创新资源的目的也有较大的动机进行对外直接投资,文章从产品创新和企业对外直接投资速度视角对此... 详细信息

在国际投资理论中,传统观点认为具有产品创新的优势企业有更大的动机进行对外直接投资,而近年来发展中国家的实践则表明劣势企业出于获取创新资源的目的也有较大的动机进行对外直接投资,文章从产品创新和企业对外直接投资速度视角对此进行检验。文章匹配《中国工业企业数据库》和《境外投资企业(机构)名录》构建微观实证研究数据库,并对企业对外直接投资速度和产品创新进行度量。在此基础上,文章的实证研究发现,一方面在产品创新倾向维度,无产品创新的企业比有产品创新企业有更快的对外直接投资速度;另一方面,在有产品创新企业内部,创新程度的提升则能加快企业对外直接投资速度。进一步地,文章利用倾向得分匹配对产品创新倾向如何影响企业对外直接投资速度进行反事实估计,验证了实证研究结果的稳健性。

关键词：产品创新对外直接投资速度倾向得分匹配

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Fabrication of Ni-Zn spinel ferrite with superior magnetic performance from electric arc furnace dust and iron scale

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 105-114页

作者： Yang Li Wei-zhe Jie Chang Chen Yi su Wu Zhou Hua Zhang hong-wei Ni The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina The Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina

The Ni-ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(NixZn_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4),x=0.4-0.7)spinel was synthesized using Zn2+extracted from electric arc furnace dust(EAFD),nickel chloride hexahydrate,and Fe^(3+)extracted from iron scale as raw *** zinc was selectively extracted from EAFD using CaO roasting followed by NH_(4)Cl solution *** ferric ion was leached from iron scale using HCl solution as acid *** experimental results demonstrate a high level of efficiency in the extraction of zinc,with a rate of 97.5%,and the leaching rate of ferric ion is 96.89%.The composition of the leaching solution is primary zinc and iron with low calcium,which is beneficial to the preparation of spinel *** influence of Ni content(x)and calcination temperature on the synthesis and magnetic properties of NixZn_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4)compounds was investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and vibrating sample *** results revealed that both Ni content and calcination temperature significantly affect the synthesis and magnetic properties of spinel NixZn_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4).Under the conditions of Ni content set at x=0.6,calcination temperature of 1100℃,and a duration of 2 h,a spinel NixZn_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4)with high saturation magnetization(Ms=65.7 A m2 kg-1)and low coercivity(Hc=0.056 A m^(-1))was obtained.

关键词： Electric furnace arc dust Iron scale Spinel ferrite Magnetic performance Calcination temperature

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Stable partial nitrification was achieved for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater by gel immobilization:A pilot-scale study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 529-539页

作者： Xin Hu hong Yang Xiaoyue Fang Xuyan Liu Jiawei Wang Xiaotong Wang Yongsheng Bai Bojun su Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering Faculty of ArchitectureCivil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100044China Hebei GEO University Shijiazhuang 050031China Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources Hebei University of ArchitectureZhangjiakou 075000China School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd. Beijing 100022China

As an energy and carbon saving process for nitrogen removal from wastewater,the partial nitrification and denitrification process(PN/D)has been extensively ***,achieving stable PNinmunicipalwastewater has always been *** this study,a gel immobilized PN/D nitrogen removal process(GI-PN/D)was established.A 94 days pilot-scale experiment was conducted using real municipal wastewater with an ammonia concentration of 43.5±5.3mg N/L at a temperature range of 11.3–28.7◦*** nitrogen removal performance and associated pathways,shifts in the microbial community as well as sludge yield were *** results were as follows:the effluent TN and COD were 0.6±0.4mg/L and 31.1±3.8 mg/L respectively,and the NAR exceeding 95%.GI-PN/D achieved deep nitrogen removal ofmunicipalwastewater through stable PN without taking any *** primary pathways for nitrogen removal were identified as denitrification,simultaneous nitrification-denitrification,and aerobic ***-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the immobilized fillers facilitated the autonomous enrichment of functional bacteria in each reactor,effectively promoting the dominance and stability of the microbial *** addition,GI-PN/D had the characteristic of low sludge yield,with an average sludge yield of 0.029 kg SS/kg *** study provides an effective technical for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater through PN.

关键词： Gel immobilization Partial nitrification Deep nitrogen removal Autonomous enrichment Sludge yield

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Health risks of rare earth elements exposure:Impact on mitochondrial DNA copy number and micronucleus frequency

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 150-160页

作者： Shiyi hong Yali Zhang Qiaojian Zhang Zekang su Guiping Hu Li Wang Shanfa Yu Xiaojun Zhu Guang Jia Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Toxicology School of Public HealthBaotou Medical CollegeBaotouInner Mongolia 014040China Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China National Center for Occupational Safety and Health Beijing 102308China Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China

Toxic effects in terms of mitochondria and hereditary substances have been characterized in vitro for individual rare earth elements,while,the joint effects of mixed elements exposure in the population remain *** on the Occupational Chromate Exposure Dynamic Cohort of China,this study investigated the relationship between 15 blood rare earth elements(cerium,dysprosium,erbium,europium,gadolinium,holmium,lanthanum,lutetium,neodymium,praseodymium,samarium,terbium,thulium,yttrium,and ytterbium)and mitochondrial DNA copy number(MtDNACN)as well as peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus frequency(MNF).The elastic net was used to select elements highly correlated with effect indicators,whose dose-response relationships were further illustrated by restricted cubic *** kernel regressionwas employed to explore the combined effects of elements and the contributions of single *** results showed that most rare earth elementswere positively correlatedwith effect indicators,with yttrium showing the strongest association(β(95%CI):0.139(0.1089–0.189)for MtDNACN,0.937(0.345–1.684)for MNF).In the mixed exposure model,with the exposure level fixed at the 50th percentile as the reference,the effect estimates on MtDNACN and MNF increased by 0.228 and 0.598 units,respectively,at the 75th *** single effect analysis implied that yttrium,lanthanum and terbium contributed the most to the elevation of MtDNACN,while yttrium posed the highest risk for genetic damage,accordingly,we provided recommendations to prioritize these elements of *** addition,we observed a chief mediating effect of MtDNACN on the elevation of MNF caused by lanthanum,whereas further mechanistic exploration is required to confirm this finding.

关键词： Rare earth elements Mitochondrial DNA copy number Micronucleus frequency Mixed effect

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中国对外直接投资区位选择影响因素研究

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商业研究 2018年第1期 79-86页

作者：侯文平苏锦红上海师范大学天华学院上海201815 上海财经大学国际工商管理学院上海200433

本文选取中国对外直接投资的140个国家或地区的投资数据作为样本,运用投资引力模型分析影响我国对外直接投资区位选择的各种因素,发现中国对发达国家的投资具有战略资产寻求和金融发展寻求动机,对发展中国家的投资具有寻求其劳动力成本... 详细信息

本文选取中国对外直接投资的140个国家或地区的投资数据作为样本,运用投资引力模型分析影响我国对外直接投资区位选择的各种因素,发现中国对发达国家的投资具有战略资产寻求和金融发展寻求动机,对发展中国家的投资具有寻求其劳动力成本较低的动机和市场寻求动机,对欠发达国家的投资动机不明显,中国在制度寻求上对发达国家和发展中国家的OFDI表现出不同的安排。以上结论为中国企业的对外直接投资提供了理论参考。

关键词：中国对外直接投资区位东道国

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