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Quantum-enhanced microscopic imaging technology [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 68-76页

作者： Jun Liu Xiaolong su State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-ElectronicsShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Microscopes are indispensable tools in modern biology and medicine. With the development of microscopy, the signal-tonoise ratio of microscopes is now limited by the shot noise. Recently, quantum-enhanced microscopic imaging provides a feasible approach for improving the signal-to-noise ratio since it can beat the shot-noise limit by using quantum light. In this review, we first briefly introduce quantum states applied in quantum-enhanced microscopic imaging, and then we provide an overview of the principle and progress of quantum-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, entangled twophoton microscopy,and quantum-enhanced differential interference contrast microscopy.

关键词： squeezed state entangled state imaging microscopy

Dynamic COVID Zero Strategy triggered a significant increase of chlorine-based disinfectant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 73-80页

作者： Xuhao Wang Mai su Chunyan Wang Yi Liu School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Chlorine-based disinfectants(CBDs)have been widely used to prevent and control the spread of the COVID-19,which may lead to the formation of carcinogenic *** China,strict disinfection strategies by local governments/communities or volunteering by residents have been implemented to meet the Dynamic COVID Zero(DCZ)***,the amount of CBDs used has not been *** author proposed an urban-scale disinfectant consumption estimation(ALICE)model to quantify weekly CBD *** results show that the CBD consumption for the urban region of Beijing during the DCZ strategy was 3704.0 t(0.43 kg/(cap-yr)),equivalent to a monthly increase of 15 g/cap(70.5%)in CBD consumption compared with that in *** to the scenario analysis,a stricter strategy with a shorter response time toward new cases will decrease the total CBD consumption by 1.2% compared with the baseline estimation.A more precise prevention strategy with a smaller delineation of risk area and a less stringent strategy with a longer response time will lower the total CBD consumption by 0.42% and 0.35%,***,the more precise prevention strategy will reduce CBD consumption of close off and lockdown area(COLD area)by 16.9%,and the stricter strategy will reduce this consumption by 37.7%.This study highlights the impact of pandemic prevention and control strategies on chlorine-based disinfectant consumption and some implications for future environmental pollution and risk assessments.

关键词： COVID-19 Dynamic COVID Zero Strategy Disinfectants consumption Bottom-up approach Scenario analysis

Exploring the potential of constructing a hybrid supercapacitor with FeCoNi-LDH porous material containing oxygen vacancies for high-performance energy storage applications

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8134-8144页

作者： Jihao su Ling Yang Dengbin Yu Shaojun Dong State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

A significant challenge in developing high-performance hybrid supercapacitors(HSCs)is the need to reasonably construct advanced architectures that consist of various components and exhibit superior electrochemical capacitance *** FeCoNi-layered double hydroxide(FeCoNi-LDH)porous material has a specific capacitance of 1960 F·g^(-1)when used as the anode material at 1 A·g^(-1).The FeCoNi-LDH material exhibits nanoplates with a distinct spindle morphology on their *** to the combined action of the three metals and abundant oxygen vacancies,they exhibit unique rate performance and cycle *** electronic structure of LDH and the regulation of oxygen vacancy were confirmed by density functional theory(DFT)*** suggests that the strength of hydroxide can reduce the energy required for oxygen vacancy formation in FeCoNi-LDH nanosheets and enhance ion and charge transfer,as well as electrolyte adsorption on the electrode *** FeCoNi-LDH//activated carbon(AC)HSC has an energy density of 53.2 Wh·kg^(-1)at a power density of 800 W·kg^(-1),surpassing other devices composed of comparable materials during the same *** study made significant advances in the design and synthesis of a ternary LDH porous structure with distinct oxygen vacancies,as well as its potential application in electrochemical energy storage.

关键词： oxygen vacancy FeCoNi-layered double hydroxide(FeCoNi-LDH) theory calculation electrode material hybrid supercapacitor

Continuous variable quantum teleportation and remote state preparation between two space-separated local networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 314-322页

作者： Siyu REN Dongmei HAN Meihong WANG Xiaolong su State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-ElectronicsShanxi University Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University

Implementing quantum communication between space-separated local networks is essential for designing global quantum networks. In this study, we propose quantum teleportation and remote state preparation schemes between users of two space-separated local networks established by continuous-variable multipartite entangled states. In the proposed schemes, the quantum nodes belonging to the two distant local networks are first entangled by entanglement swapping, and then quantum communication protocols are realized. We show that quantum teleportation between any two users belonging to space-separated local networks can be realized with the assistance of other users, and squeezed thermal states can be remotely prepared in one local network by performing a homodyne projective measurement on the state in another distant local network. Our results provide a feasible approach for quantum communication between spaceseparated quantum networks with multipartite entangled states.

关键词： quantum communication quantum network quantum teleportation remote state preparation entanglement swapping continuous variable

Tracking lithiation with transmission electron microscopy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 291-311页

作者： Xincheng Lei Jianxiong Zhao Jiayi Wang Dong su Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics&International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Li-ion batteries(LIBs)have dominated energy-storage techniques for portable electronic devices and electric cars,and are expanding their territory into the large-scale energy *** energy storage of LIBs is realized by the reversible shuttle of lithium ions between *** is essential to track the lithium diffusion and obtain a profound insight into the lithiation mechanism during the work cycle of *** electron microscopy(TEM)is a powerful tool for the structural characterization,which can provide the information about the lithiation at the atomic *** this review,we summarize the research frontiers of TEM applications on *** introduce the techniques for the direct observation of Li species in LIB-related ***,the application of cryo-TEM is ***,in-situ TEM technique is further discussed since it shows great advantages in studying the dynamical structure changes of *** perspectives and strategies in this review offer feasible guidance for researchers to further improve the performance of LIBs.

关键词： lithium-ion battery electrode materials transmission electron microscopy cryo-TEM in-situ TEM

Composite Converter Combined APFC with Switched-capacitor Converter

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 281-291页

作者： Qing Fu Yishan Chen Yixing su Yang Hang School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

To reduce switch numbers and voltage stress in semiconductor devices,this paper proposes a novel single-phase converter combined Active Power Factor Correction(APFC)with switched-capacitor *** addition,dynamic voltage regulation and voltage gain are improved by integrating the boost converter and switching capacitor *** interstage bulk capacitor is no longer *** average current control with redistribution of voltage in cells is proposed to obtain voltage lift ability of the switching capacitor cells and maintain a high-power *** study and verify the proposed converter preliminarily,theoretical analysis and simulation are presented in the ***,a 50o W prototype with two different configurations is built for experimental *** proposed converter can reach 95.62%of maximum efficiency,0.99 of power factor,and 3.55%of THD with 600 V output voltage,simultaneously.

关键词： AC-DC converter composite conveter power factor correction switched capacitor

Quasi-two-dimensional strong liquid-like dynamics of surface atoms in metallic glasses

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 102-109页

作者： Bing Wang Xuanqiao Gao Rui su Pengfei Guan School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Innovation Center NPU Chongqing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135China School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Xi'an 710016China Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials College of Materials and Environmental EngineeringHangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100093China

The fast dynamic properties of the surface of metallic glasses(MGs) play a critical role in determining their potential applications. However, due to the significant difference in thermal history between atomic simulation models and laboratory-made samples, the atomic-scale behaviors of the fast surface dynamics of MGs in experiments remain uncertain. Herein, we prepared model MG films with notable variations in thermal stability using a recently developed efficient annealing protocol, and investigated their atomic-scale dynamics systematically. We found that the dynamics of surface atoms remain invariant, whereas the difference in dynamical heterogeneity between surface and interior regions increases with the improvement of thermal stability. This can be associated with the more pronounced correlation between atomic activation energy spectra and depth from the surface in samples with higher thermal stability. In addition, dynamic anisotropy appears for surface atoms, and their transverse dynamics are faster than normal components, which can also be interpreted by activation energy spectra. Our results reveal the presence of strong liquid-like atomic dynamics confined to the surface of laboratory-made MGs, illuminating the underlying mechanisms for surface engineering design, such as cold joining by ultrasonic vibrations and superlattice growth.

关键词： metallic glasses thermal stability invariant surface dynamics potential energy landscape dynamic anisotropy and heterogeneity

Exploring the impacts of major events on the systemic risk of the international energy market

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1444-1457页

作者： Ming-Tao Zhao su-Wan Lu Lian-Biao Cui School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu233030AnhuiChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science of Low-Carbon Development and Carbon Finance Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu233030AnhuiChina

This study examines the systemic risk caused by major events in the international energy market(IEM)and proposes a management strategy to mitigate it. Using the tail-event driven network(TENET)method, this study constructed a tail-risk spillover network(TRSN) of IEM and simulated the dynamic spillover tail-risk process through the cascading failure mechanism. The study found that renewable energy markets contributed more to systemic risk during the Paris Agreement and the COVID-19pandemic, while fossil energy markets played a larger role during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. This study identifies systemically important markets(SM) and critical tail-risk spillover paths as potential sources of systemic risk. The research confirms that cutting off the IEM risk spillover path can greatly reduce systemic risk and the influence of SM. This study offers insights into the management of systemic risk in IEM and provides policy recommendations to reduce the impact of shock events.

关键词： International energy market Tail-risk spillover Cascading failure mechanism Systemic risk management

Water–solid contact electrification and catalysis adjusted by surface functional groups

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3344-3351页

作者： Yusen su Andy Berbille Zhong Lin Wang Wei Tang CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332-0245USA

Chemical functional groups on solid surfaces greatly influence contact electrification(CE)at water–solid *** studies of their effects mainly swapped materials or bonded related molecules to a substrate,introducing other factors of *** work aims at unambiguously demonstrating the role of functional groups in water-polymer *** study the contribution of functional groups,by using ion coupled plasma etching to modify a high-density polyethylene(HDPE)film,a polymer with a naturally quasi-null charge transfer ***(HDPE–F)and hydroxyl(HDPE–OH)functional groups are generated and endowed HDPE with charge withdrawing ***–F withdraws 2.5–2.7 times more charges than HDPE–***,the surface charges accumulated generate electrostatic forces,altering the droplets *** phenomenon provides another approach to study CE,helping to evaluate the contribution of electrons to solid–liquid ***,employing HDPE–F to perform contact-electro-catalysis shows its activity is 2.4 times higher than that of commercial fluorinated films.

关键词： contact-electro-catalysis charge transfer solid–liquid interfaces contact electrification