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Histidine decarboxylase and urinary methylimidazoleacetic acid in gastric neuroendocrine cells and tumours

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第47期21卷 13240-13249页

作者： Apostolos V Tsolakis Lars Grimelius Göran Granerus Mats Stridsberg sture e falkmer eva T Janson Section of endocrine Oncology Department of Medical SciencesUppsala University Section of Genetics and Pathology Department of ImmunologyUppsala University Department of Medical and Health Sciences Linköping University Section of Biochemical endocrinology Department of Medical SciencesUppsala University Department of Pathology Ryhov County Hospital

AIM: To study histidine decarboxylase(HDC) expression in normal and neoplastic gastric neuroendocrine cells in relationship to the main histamine metabolite. MeTHODS: Control tissues from fundus(n = 3) and corpus(n = 3) mucosa of six patients undergoing operations for gastric adenocarcinoma, biopsy and/or gastric surgical specimens from 64 patients with primary gastric neuroendocrine tumours(GNeTs), as well as metastases from 22 of these patients, were investigated using conventional immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence with commercial antibodies vs vesicular monoamine transporter 2(VMAT-2), HDC and ghrelin. The urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid(U-Me Im AA) was determined using highperformance liquid chromatography in 27 of the 64 ***: In the gastric mucosa of the control tissues, co-localization studies identified neuroendocrine cells that showed immunoreactivity only to VMAT-2 and others with reactivity only to HDC. A third cellpopulation co-expressed both antigens. There was no co-expression of HDC and ghrelin. Similar results were obtained in the foci of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A and also in the tumours. The relative incidence of the three aforementioned markers varied in the tumours that were examined using conventional immunohistochemistry. All of these GNeTs revealed both VMAT-2 and HDC immunoreactivity, and their metastases showed an immunohistochemical pattern and frequency similar to that of their primary tumours. In four patients, increased U-Me Im AA excretion was detected, but only two of the patients exhibited related endocrine symptoms. CONCLUSION: Human enterochromaffin-like cells appear to partially co-express VMAT-2 and HDC. Coexpression of VMAT-2 and HDC might be required for increased histamine production in patients with GNeTs.

关键词： enterochromaffin-like cells High performance liquid chromatography Gastric neuroendocrine tumours Histidine decarboxylase Immunohistochemistry Urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid Vesicular monoamine transporter 2

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Support Systems Designed for Older Drivers to Achieve Safe and Comfortable Driving

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2013年第4期3卷 233-240页

作者： Anna Bjelkemyr Tania Dukic Rachel Owens Torbjorn falkmer Hoe C.Lee SAFeR Vehicle and Traffic Safety Centre at Chalmers GothenburgSweden Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI) GothenburgSweden School of Occupational Therapy&Social Work CHIRICurtin UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Rehabilitation School of Health SciencesJonkoping UniversityJonkopingSweden Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Medicine and Health Sciences(IMH)Faculty of Health SciencesLinkoping University&Pain and Rehabilitation CentreLinkopingSweden School of Occupational Therapy La Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Background: The number of older people is increasing. Many of them expect to maintain a rich social life and to continue driving at an older age. Objective: The present study investigates the mechanisms behind self-regulation and driving cessation in order to suggest development of support systems to prolong older drivers’ safe mobility. Method: Three focus groups were conducted with 19 older active drivers aged 65+ who were divided according to annual mileage driven. Results: A content analysis revealed broad self-regulatory behaviour as already reported in the literature, e.g., avoiding driving at rush hour and at night. The participants also reported difficulty in finding the way to their final destination and an increasing need to plan their travelling. Co-piloting was a behaviour applied by couples to cope with difficulties encountered in traffic. A large part of the discussion was focused on emerging feelings of stress, anxiety and fear when driving in recent years, a feeling induced by external factors e.g., other road users’ behaviour, traffic density or high speed. Apart from health problems, high levels of stress could explain driving cessation, especially for women. An increased feeling of safety and comfort could be achieved by an increased use of support systems specifically designed to respond to older drivers’ needs. Conclusion: Support systems for older drivers should increase comfort and decrease their stress levels. New systems, such as co-pilot function and more developed Global Positioning System (GPS) supporting of the entire travel from door to door, should be developed to respond to the market needs.

关键词： Older Driver Safe Mobility Self-Regulation Driver Cessation Support System

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不同生产和捕食机制下的波罗的海渔业管理:生态系统模型分析

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第2期36卷 252-257页

作者： sture Hansson Olle Hjerne Chris Harvey James F. Kitchell Sean P. Cox Timothy e.essington 翟伟康（译）林宝法（校）斯德哥尔摩大学系统生态学教授斯德哥尔摩大学系统生态系研究人员西北渔业科学中心渔业研究生物学家美国麦迪逊威斯康星大学哈斯勒动物学教授兼湖沼学中心主任西蒙·弗雷泽大学资源和环境管理学院的助理教授华盛顿大学水生和渔业科学学院助教不详

我们基于早期公布的生态系统模型,研究了不同管理情景对波罗的海的可能影响。这些情景包括系统的贫营养化,海豹的数量急剧增加以及渔业管理的变化。从这些模拟我们可以得出结论:渔业、海豹以及富营养化都对生态系统具有强烈的交互式影... 详细信息

我们基于早期公布的生态系统模型,研究了不同管理情景对波罗的海的可能影响。这些情景包括系统的贫营养化,海豹的数量急剧增加以及渔业管理的变化。从这些模拟我们可以得出结论:渔业、海豹以及富营养化都对生态系统具有强烈的交互式影响。这些交互作用要求进行综合管理。通过建模突出了在诸如繁荣的渔业、海豹群体的恢复和大量减少的富营养化等管理任务之间冲突的潜在可能性。结果也表明渔业管理参考点必须根据天然捕食者的存在和生态系统生产力的变化进行调整。

关键词：生态系统模型生态系统生产力渔业管理波罗的海模型分析捕食机制富营养化可能影响

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