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On the Trail of Self-Directed Online Learners

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第2期7卷 406-419页

作者： Curtis j.Bonk 朱美娜 School of Education Indiana University201 N.Rose AvenueBloomingtonIN 4740lUSA Wayne State University

Purpose We describe a series of more than a dozen studies on self-directed online learning spanning over a ***/Approach/Methods We incorporated surveys,interviews,focus groups,and content analyses into these research studies,which initially targeted the goals,motivations,and challenges of learners using open educational resources and OpenCourseWare and then focused on learning from massive open online courses(MOOCs).This research accelerated after creating a database of over 3,000 MOOC instructors,through which we explored cultural sensitivity and personalization practices in MOOCs as well as instructional design considerations and challenges,MOOC instructor professional development and career development,instructor motivation and engagement,and student and instructor perceptions of self-directed *** This study reveals that self-directed online learners(SDOLs)seek learning environments offering freedom,choice,control,and a sense of autonomy and that both learners and instructors have intrinsic motivation for engaging in open online learning ***/Value Based on this research with both MOOC instructors and MOOC learners,we offer instructional design guidelines to address SDOLs’needs and assist in efforts to foster a new generation of SDOLs.

关键词： MOOCs motivation online learning self-directed learning self-management self-monitoring

Use of donepezil for neurocognitive recovery after brain injury in adult and pediatric populations:a scoping review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1686-1695页

作者： Avery L.Miller Nathan K.Evanson j.Michael Taylor University of Cincinnati College of Medicine CincinnatiOHUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Neurology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA

There are few pharmacologic options for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in pediatric *** inhibitors such as donepezil have been evaluated in adult patients after traumatic brain injury,but relatively less is known about the effect in pediatric *** goal of this review is to identify knowledge gaps in the efficacy and safety of acetylcholinesterase inhibito rs as a potential a djuvant treatment fo r neurocognitive decline in pediatric patients with traumatic brain *** queried PubMed to identify literature published from database inception thro ugh june 2023 desc ribing the use of donepezil in young adult traumatic brain injury and pediatric patients with predefined *** on preselected search criteria,340 unique papers we re selected for title and abstra ct ***-two reco rds were reviewed in full after eliminating preclinical studies and pape rs outside the scope of the *** adult traumatic brain injury,we review results from 14 papers detailing 227 subjects where evidence suggests donepezil is well tole rated and shows both objective and patient-reported efficacy for reducing cognitive *** children,3 pape rs report on 5 children recovering from traumatic brain injury,showing limited *** additional 15 pediatric studies conducted in populations at risk for cognitive dysfunction provide a broader look at safety and efficacy in 210 patients in the pediatric age *** its promise for efficacy in adults with traumatic brain injury and tole rability in pediatric patients,we believe further study of donepezil for children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury is warranted.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase inhibitor adult cognition donepezil pediatrics traumatic brain injury

Implementation of an international medical student pen-pal club:survey outcomes of perceptions in cultural competency and global health

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Global Health journal 2024年第1期8卷 11-15页

作者： Max j.Goodman jennifer Livschitz ji Won Kim Megan L.Schultz Medical College of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Emergency MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background:Pen-pal clubs(PPC)are used worldwide for students to learn about different cultures and other skillsets without the need for *** medical students are interested in global health opportunities abroad but costs,scheduling,and other barriers allow few to participate in such *** is important that medical students have nuanced global medical perspectives and can contribute to the global medical ***:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that an international medical student PPC improves medical students'perspectives of cultural competency and global health ***:In 2021,a novel medical student PPC was established that began between an American and japanese medical *** a shareholders meeting,it was decided that the number of medical schools involved globally be expanded through previous institutional affiliations and online *** total,the club connected 50 American medical students and 52 medical students from 17 high-and middle-income *** primary form of communication was online;pen-pals were encouraged to communicate monthly using provided topics,although frequency and way of communication was their *** February 2022,American PPC members were emailed a qualitative survey to assess the PPC's ***:The survey was completed by 42%of American PPC members,95%of which were 22-26 *** were preclinical medical students,60%whom were female and the majority either white(47%)or Asian(43%).Overall,the PPC positively influenced American medical students'perception of global medicine,medical education,and their cultural competency after joining the PPC compared to prior(P=0.004).Conclusion:PPCs encourage medical students to think from a global perspective and foster open-mindedness within varying social and cultural *** a global communication platform for students during medical school education may be an additional way to train aspiring global l

关键词： Pen-pals Medical student Global health Cultural competency

Fluorescent Nile blue-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)microgels responsive to temperature and polyamines

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SmartMat 2024年第2期5卷 156-168页

作者： Qiming Shen Changhao Fang Liang Hu Michael j.Serpe Department of Chemistry University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsand School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

Fluorescent poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-Nile blue)(pNIPAm-co-NB)microgels were synthesized that exhibited fluorescence intensity changes in a water temperature-dependent *** is well known to exhibit fluorescence intensity that depends on the hydrophobicity of the environment,while pNIPAm-based microgels are well known to transition from swollen(hydrophilic)to collapsed(relatively hydrophobic)at temperatures greater than 32℃;hence,we attribute the above behavior to the hydrophobicity changes of the microgels with increasing *** phenomenon is ultimately due to NB dimers(relatively quenched fluorescence)being broken in the hydrophobic environment of the microgels leading to relatively enhanced *** went on to show that the introduction of cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])into the pNIPAm-co-NB microgels enhanced their fluorescence allowing them to be used for polyamine(e.g.,spermine[SPM])***,CB[7]forms a host–guest interaction with NB in the microgels,which prevents NB dimerization and enhances their *** SPM is present,it forms a host–guest complex that is favored over the CB[7]-NB host–guest interaction,which frees the NB for dimerization and leads to fluorescence *** a result,we could generate an SPM sensor capable of SPM detection down to~0.5µmol/L in complicated matrixes such as serum and urine.

关键词： cucurbituril fluorescence pNIPAm-co-NB microgel spermine detection thermoresponsive

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： Muriithi j. Githinji Paul M. Njogu Zipporah Nganga Mohamed Karama Institute of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROMID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academic Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harmful microorganisms, inorganic and organic compounds that pose a risk to human health and the environment. Incineration is a common method employed in healthcare waste management to reduce volume, quantity, toxicity as well as elimination of microorganisms. However, some of the substances remain unchanged during incineration and become part of bottom ash, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. Monitoring of pollution by heavy metals is important since their concentrations in the environment affect public health. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom ash samples were collected over a period of six months. Sample preparation and treatment were done using standard methods. Analysis of the heavy metals were done using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, model AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine whether there were significant differences on the mean levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom ash from the five sampling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determine if there were significant differences between and within samples. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall mean of each metal from each site was calculated. The metal mean concentration values were compared with existing permissible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (mg/kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a mean of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadmium and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sampling locations. There were significant differences between levels determined by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environment Incineration Heavy Metals Bottom Ash

SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy j. Nentl, Craig Miller.

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SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy J. Nentl, Craig ...

Fever assessment in children under five: Are we following the guidelines?

2003年

作者： Nancy j. Nentl Craig Miller.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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World journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 62-72页

作者： Hasan M Isa Ahmed j Isa Murtadha A Alnasheet Mahmood M Mansoor Department of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of General Surgery Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Fever is a common cause of medical consultation and hospital admission,particularly among ***,the United Kingdom’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)updated its guidelines for assessing fever in children under five years of *** efficient assessment and management of children with fever are crucial for improving patient *** To evaluate fever assessment in hospitalized children and to assess its adherence with the NICE Fever in under 5s *** We conducted a retrospective cohort review of the electronic medical records of children under five years of age at the Department of Pediatrics,Salmaniya Medical Complex,Bahrain,between june and july *** data,vital signs during the first 48 h of admission,route of temperature measurement,and indications for admission were *** was defined according to the NICE *** children were divided into five groups according to their age(0-3 months,>3-6 months,>6-12 months,>12-36 months,and>36-60 months).Patients with and without fever were compared in terms of demography,indication for admission,route of temperature measurement,and other vital *** with the NICE Fever in the under 5s guideline was *** compliance was defined as>95%,partial compliance as 70%-95%,and minimal compliance as≤69%.Pearson’sχ^(2),student’s t test,the Mann-Whitney U test,and Spearman’s correlation coefficient(rs)were used for *** Of the 136 patients reviewed,80(58.8%)were *** median age at admission was 14.2[interquartile range(IQR):1.7-44.4]months,with the most common age group being 36-60 ***-six(26.4%)patients had fever,and 100(73.6%)were *** commonest age group for febrile patients(>12-36 months)was older than the commonest age group for afebrile patients(0-3 months)(P=0.027).The median weight was 8.3(IQR:4.0-13.3)*** with fever had higher weight than those without fever[10.2(IQR:7.3-13.0)vs 7

关键词： Fever Pediatrics Admission patterns Temperature measurement Guidelines Bahrain

Effect of periodic heat transfer on the transient thermal behavior of a convective-radiative fully wet porous moving trapezoidal fin

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第4期44卷 653-668页

作者： B.j.GIREESHA M.L.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India

A moving trapezoidal profiled convective-radiative porous longitudinal fin wetted in a single-phase fluid is considered in the current *** periodic variation in the fin base temperature is taken into account along with the temperature sensitive thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer *** modeled problem,which is resolved into a non-linear partial differential equation(PDE),is made dimensionless and solved by employing the finite difference method(FDM).The results are displayed through graphs and *** effects of amplitude,frequency of oscillation,wet nature,Peclet number,and other relevant quantities on the distribution of temperature through the fin length and with the dimensionless time are *** is deciphered that the periodic heat transfer gives rise to the wavy nature of the fin thermal profile against *** analysis is beneficial in the design of fin structures for applications like solar collectors,space/airborne applications,and refrigeration industries.

关键词： convection fully wet porous fin trapezoidal profile moving fin unsteady periodic thermal condition

Improving QoS Using Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol in MANET

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第7期46卷 1169-1181页

作者： S.j.Sangeetha T.Rajendran Department of Computer Science Periyar UniversitySalem636011India PG and Research Department of Computer Science Government Arts and Science CollegeKangeyam638108India

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks(MANETs)connect numerous nodes to communicate data from the sender node to the target *** to the lack of an infrastructure network,mobile nodes communicate through wireless without an access *** does not have a centralized controller and has a dynamic network topology,which increases link failure and energy consumption resulting in excessive path delay,loss of Quality of service(QoS),and reduced throughput during data *** is a significant problem when the QoS of the link carrying the data is *** is one of the vital challenges of MANET due to the very dynamic and distributed nature of *** article introduces a Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol(MBOMRP)and an Efficient Reliable Link-State Transmission(ERLST)algorithm to overcome these *** proposed Mobility-Based Optimized Multipath Routing Protocol(MBOMRP)is utilized for route discovery and maintenance to efficiently avoid traffic and sleeping *** algorithm is used for efficient data transmission to increase QoS measurement parameters like throughput,Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),and minimize the latency *** proposed MBOMRP-ERLST algorithm improves data communication network lifetime,avoids link failures,and provides efficient results compared with previous algorithms.

关键词： MANET QoS link failure improve data communication avoid traffic network lifetime MBOMRP-ERLST