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perceptions of Bark Beetle Landscape Disturbance Effects on Natural Resources and Drinking Water: Assessing Communication and Knowledge Exchange in the Rocky Mountain Region, USA

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 77-100页

作者： stuart p. Cottrell Katherine Mattor Jana Raadik Cottrell Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Forest and Rangeland Stewardship (FRS) Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA University Honors program Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Kuressaare College of Tallinn University of Technology Kuressaare Estonia

Widespread changes to forested watersheds affected by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) epidemic across western North America raised concerns about the effects of this climate-induced disturbance on drinking water and natural resources. Effective communication and knowledge exchange across scientists and stakeholders (i.e., drinking water managers) is essential for constructively responding to such landscape scale disturbances, providing improved adaptive capacity through knowledge sharing. An assessment of stakeholder knowledge levels, information needs, primary concerns, and suggested communication strategies were conducted via an online elicitation survey and World Science Café workshops. Knowledge levels, assessed via a survey of local water managers and experts, were relatively low with approximately half of the respondents reporting little to no knowledge of the effects of mountain pine beetle on drinking water quality and quantity, thereby indicating limited knowledge exchange between scientists and drinking water stakeholders. Increased accessibility and dissemination of research findings pertinent to the mountain pine beetle epidemic’s effects on drinking water quality and quantity is necessary for natural resource management. Recommendations for improved communication among scientists and drinking water stakeholders in particular and forest health in general include dispersal of non-academic research summaries, information exchange through existing media and community resources, demonstration projects, and information clearinghouses. This information provides a better understanding of the challenges, concerns, and first-hand experience of stakeholders of a landscape disturbance issue to apply this knowledge to enhance land management practice and how researchers on this overall project enhanced science communication efforts.

关键词： Adaptive Capacity Climate Change Forested Watersheds Water Quality Water Quantity

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The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David Mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Michael S.Crossley William E.Snyder Angharad M.R.Gatehouse Myron p.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Disease and Insect pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of Entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Department of plant Medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Department of Entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Department of Entomology and plant pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural pest Management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Department of Entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

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2023年美国麻醉医师学会神经肌肉阻滞监测与拮抗实践指南:美国麻醉医师学会工作组关于神经肌肉阻滞的报告

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中华麻醉学杂志 2024年第5期44卷 518-542页

作者： Stephan R.Thilen Wade A.Weigel Michael M.Todd Richard p.Dutton Cynthia A.Lien stuart A.Grant Joseph W.Szokol Lars I.Eriksson Myron Yaster Mark D.Grant Madhulika Agarkar Anne M.Marbella Jaime F.Blanck Karen B.Domino 西雅图华盛顿州明尼阿波里斯明尼苏达州达拉斯得克萨斯州密尔沃基威斯康星州教堂山北卡罗来纳州洛杉矶加利福尼亚州斯德哥尔摩瑞典丹佛科罗拉多州绍姆堡伊利诺斯州巴尔的摩马里兰州

本实践指南基于证据提供了全身麻醉期间及术后神经肌肉功能监测与阻滞拮抗的管理推荐。主要关注神经肌肉功能监测的类型与部位及阻滞拮抗的过程,以减少肌肉松弛药残留阻滞。

关键词：神经肌肉阻滞肌肉松弛药神经肌肉功能监测舒更葡糖钠新斯的明

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State of Science:Why Does Rework Occur in Construction?What Are Its Consequences?And What Can be Done to Mitigate Its Occurrence?

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Engineering 2022年第11期18卷 246-258页

作者： peter E.D.Love Jane Matthews Michael C.p.Sing stuart R.porter Weili Fang School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia School of Architecture and Built Environment Deakin University Geelong Waterfront CampusGeelongVIC 3220Australia School of Architecture and Built Environment The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Civil and Building Systems Technische Universität BerlinBerlin 13156Germany

There has been a wealth of research that has examined the nature of rework in *** toward addressing the rework problem has been limited-it still plagues practice,adversely impacting a project’s *** all rework studies have focused on determining its proximal or root causes and therefore have overlooked the conditions that result from its *** filling this void,this paper draws upon our previous empirical studies,amongst others,to provide a much-needed theoretical framing to understand better why rework occurs,what its consequences are,and how it can be mitigated during *** theoretical framing we derive from our review provides construction organizations and their projects with a realization that the journey to mitigating rework begins with creating an error-mastery culture comprising authentic leadership,psychological safety,an errormanagement orientation,and *** suggest that,once an error-mastery culture is established within construction organizations and their projects,they will be better positioned to realize the benefits of the techniques,tools,and technologies espoused to address rework,such as the Last planner® and building information *** also provide directions for future research and identify implications for practice so that strides toward rework mitigation in construction can be made.

关键词： Construction Errors Error-mastery culture pathogens Rework Violations

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Doped graphene/carbon black hybrid catalyst giving enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity with high resistance to corrosion in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 143-153页

作者： Zhaoqi Ji Jianuo Chen María pérez-page Zunmin Guo Ziyu Zhao Rongsheng Cai Maxwell T.p.Rigby Sarah J.Haigh stuart M.Holmes School of Automotive Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209ShandongChina Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Materials The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

Nitrogen doping of the carbon is an important method to improve the performance and durability of catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells by platinum–nitrogen and carbon–nitrogen bonds. This study shows that p-phenyl groups and graphitic N acting bridges linking platinum and the graphene/carbon black(the ratio graphene/carbon black = 2/3) hybrid support materials achieved the average size of platinum nanoparticles with(4.88 ± 1.79) nm. It improved the performance of the lower-temperature hydrogen fuel cell up to 0.934 W cm^(-2) at 0.60 V, which is 1.55 times greater than that of commercial pt/C. Doping also enhanced the interaction between pt and the support materials, and the resistance to corrosion, thus improving the durability of the low-temperature hydrogen fuel cell with a much lower decay of 10 mV at 0.80 A cm^(-2) after 30 k cycles of an in-situ accelerated stress test of catalyst degradation than that of 92 mV in pt/C, which achieves the target of Department of Energy(pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3) remains 78% of initial power density at 1.5 A cm^(-2) after 5 k cycles of in-situ accelerated stress test of carbon corrosion, which is more stable than the power density of commercial pt/C, keeping only 54% after accelerated stress test.

关键词： Nitrogen doped graphene Low-temperature hydrogen fuel cell Catalyst degradation Carbon corrosion

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Graphene/carbon structured catalyst layer to enhance the performance and durability of the high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第12期75卷 399-407,I0011页

作者： Zhaoqi Ji Jianuo Chen Zunmin Guo Ziyu Zhao Rongsheng Cai Maxwell T.p.Rigby Sarah J.Haigh Maria perez-page Yitao Shen stuart M.Holmes School of Automotive Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai)Weihai 264209ShandongChina Department of Chemical Engineering The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Materials The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

In this study,nitrogen doped electrochemically exfoliated reduced graphene oxide and carbon black supported platinum(pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3))has been prepared to enhance the performance and durability of hightemperature pEMFCs with lower pt *** the one hand,pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3)with the strong interaction between the pt and nitrogen(N)prevent agglomeration of pt particles and pt particles is 5.46±1.46 nm,which is smaller than that of 6.78±1.34 nm in pt/***,ECSA of pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3)decrease 13.65%after AST,which is much lower than that of 97.99%in pt/*** the other hand,the Nr EGO flakes in MEAac act as a barrier to mitigate phosphoric acid redistribution,which improves the formation of triple-phase boundaries(TpBs)and gives stable operation of the MEAacwith a lower decay rate of 0.02 mV h^(-1)within100 *** steady-state operation,the maximum power density of pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3)(0.411 W cm^(-2))is three times higher than that of conventional pt/C(0.134 W cm^(-2))in high-temperature *** AST,the mass transfer resistance of pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3)electrode(0.560Ωcm^(2))is lower than that in pt/C(0.728Ωcm^(2)).

关键词： High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell phosphoric acid loss pt catalyst degradation Accelerated stress test Durability

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Synthesis of phosphonated graphene oxide by electrochemical exfoliation to enhance the performance and durability of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 448-458,I0011页

作者： Jianuo Chen Zunmin Guo Maria perez-page Yifeng Jia Ziyu Zhao stuart M.Holmes Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxford OX13TAUnited Kingdom

The doping of functionalized graphene oxide(GO)in the membranes becomes a promising method for improving the performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-pEMFC).phosphonated graphene oxide(pGO)with a p/O ratio of 8.5%was quickly synthesised by one-step electrochemical exfoliation based on a three-dimensiaonal(3D)printed reactor and natural graphite *** with the GO prepared by the two-step electrochemical exfoliation method,the pGO synthesized by the one-step electrochemical exfoliation can better improve the performance of the membrane-electrode-assembly(MEA)based on the polybenzimidazole(pBI)membrane in the *** doping of 1.5 wt%GO synthesised by electrochemical exfoliation with the 2-step method or reactor method in pBI increased the peak power density by 17.4%or 35.4%compared to MEA based on pure pBI membrane at 150℃,*** addition,the doping of pGO in pBI improves its durability under accelerated stress test(AST).

关键词： Electrochemical exfoliation phosphonated graphene oxide High-temperature fuel cells

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patient preference for trigger finger treatment

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期13卷 1006-1014页

作者： Christian Blough Jawad Najdawi stuart Kuschner Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Trigger finger is a common disorder of the hand that can cause disabling *** options range from conservative management with observation and splinting,to surgical release,but there is currently not a consensus on a treatment *** To determine patient preference for the treatment of trigger finger using an online *** An online crowdsourcing platform,Amazon Mechanical Turk,was used to recruit participants for this *** were led through a scenario in which they were diagnosed with trigger *** were then asked to rank their preference of treatment options from the following:Observation,splinting,corticosteroid injection,*** results of the surveys were then analyzed using R *** Of 323 participants completed the survey.7 participants were excluded because they failed to correctly answer the attention question,leaving 316 participants whose results were *** a first choice for treatment 117(37%)of the included participants chose observation,86(27%)chose splinting,61(19%)chose corticosteroid injection,and 52(16%)chose *** mean rank for observation was 2.26,for splinting was 2.30,for corticosteroid injection was 2.53,and for surgery was *** ranking of each treatment option was statistically different(p valuept for observation and *** The practice of shared decision making with patients is imperative to providing the best care *** results from this study,especially the preference for less invasive treatment,may help providers better frame discussion around treatment options of trigger *** in turn,may increase patient satisfaction in the treatment of trigger finger.

关键词： Trigger finger Trigger digit Hand surgery Shared decision making

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Establishment of Beauveria bassiana as a fungal endophyte in potato plants and its virulence against potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 197-207页

作者： Meng-Di Zhang Sheng-Yong Wu Jun-Jie Yan stuart Reitz Yu-Lin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejingChina Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Malheur Experiment StationOregon State UniversityOntarioORUSA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina

The potato tuber moth,phthorimaea operculella,is the most damaging potato pest in the world and is difficult to control as the larvae are internal feeders in the foliage and *** fungi that colonize plants as endophytes have lethal and sublethal pathological effects on insect *** show that Beauveria bassiana colonizes the aerial parts of potato plants endophytically after inoculation through soil *** *** persisted in potato foliage for more than 50 days *** indicated that foliage of ***-inoculated potato plants were pathogenic against larvae of p *** experiments indicated that *** negatively affected the growth,development,and reproduction of p *** experiments showed that the weight of *** pupae reared on *** potato plants(4.25 mg)was significantly less than that of those reared on uninoculated control plants(8.89mg).Compared with newly eclosed larvaefed on control plants,those fed on ***-inoculated plants had significantly lower survivorship,with only 17.8%developing to the adult *** of p operculella females reared on *** endophytically colonized plants was significantly lower(35 eggs/female)than of those reared on uninoculated plants(115 eggs/female).This study demonstrates that endophytic *** can be a potential biological control agent for the control and management of p *** pupal weights of p operculella reared on potato plants inoculated with the *** strain GZGY-1-3 and on untreated control plants,pupae from the control plants were significantly heavier than those from treated plants.

关键词： Beauveria bassiana biological control colonization phthorimaea operculella

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Two-photon absorption and stimulated emission in poly-crystalline Zinc Selenide with femtosecond laser excitation

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Qianliang Li Walter perrie Zhaoqing Li stuart p Edwardson Geoff Dearden Laser Engineering Group School of EngineeringUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL693GQUnited Kingdom Laser processing Research Centre School of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The optical nonlinearity in polycrystalline zinc selenide(ZnSe),excited with 775 nm,1 kHz femtosecond laser pulses was investigated via the nonlinear transmission with material thickness and the Z scan *** measured two photon absorption coefficientβwas intensity dependent,inferring that reverse saturated absorption(RSA)is also relevant dur-ing high intensity excitation in *** low peak intensity Ipec-tral properties of the broad blueish two-photon induced fluorescence(460 nm-500 nm)was studied,displaying self-ab-sorption near the band edge while the upper state lifetime was measured to be τ_(e)~3.3 *** emission was ob-served when pumping a 0.5 mm thick polycrystalline ZnSe sample within an optical cavity,confirmed by significant line narrowing fromΔλ=11 nm(cavity blocked)toΔλ=2.8 nm at peak wavelength λ_(p)=475 nm while the upper state life-time also *** results suggest that with more optimum pumping conditions and crystal cooling,polycrystal-line ZnSe might reach lasing threshold via two-photon pumping atλ=775 nm.

关键词： ZnSe femtosecond laser nonlinear absorption stimulated emission fluorescence

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