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New solutions for combatting implant bacterial infection based on silver nano-dispersed and gallium incorporated phosphate bioactive glass sputtered films:A preliminary study

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 325-340页

作者： B.W.stuart G.E.Stan A.C.Popa M.j.Carrington I.Zgura M.Necsulescu D.M.Grant m.grantadvanced materials research group faculty of engineeringuniversity of nottinghamnottinghamng72rduk national institute of materials physics magurelero077125romania army centre for medical research bucharestro010195romania

Ag/Ga were incorporated into resorbable orthopaedic phosphate bioactive glasses(PBG,containing P,Ca,Mg,Na,and Fe)thin films to demonstrate their potential to limit growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in post-operative prosthetic *** target consecutive co-sputtering was uniquely employed to produce a 46 nm Ag:PBG composite observed by high resolution TEM to consist of uniformly dispersed~5 nm metallic Ag nano-particles in a glass ***^(3+)was integrated into a phosphate glass preform target which was magnetron sputtered to film thicknesses of~400 or 1400 *** coatings exhibited high surface energy of 75.4-77.3 mN/m,attributed to the presence of hydrolytic P-O-P structural surface *** profiles obtained in deionized water,nutrient broth and cell culture medium showed varying ion release profiles,whereby Ga release was measured in 1400 nm coating by ICP-MS to be~6,27,and 4 ppm respectively,fully dissolving by 24 *** of Ag nanoparticles was only observed in nutrient broth(~9 ppm by 24 h).Quantification of colony forming units after 24 h showed encouraging antibacterial efficacy towards both ***(4-log reduction for Ag:PBG and 6-log reduction for Ga-PBG≈1400 nm)and ***(5-log reduction for all physical vapour deposited layers)*** Hs27 fibroblast and mesenchymal stem cell line in vitro tests indicated good cytocompatibility for all sputtered layers,with a marginal cell proliferation inertia in the case of the Ag:PBG composite thin *** study therefore highlights the(i)significant manufacturing development via the controlled inclusion of metallic nanoparticles into a PBG glass matrix by dual consecutive target co-sputtering and(ii)potential of PBG resorbable thin-film structures to incorporate and release cytocompatible/antibacterial *** architectures showed prospective bio-functional performance for a future generation of endo-osseous implant-type coatings.

关键词： Phosphate bioactive glass Silver Gallium Antibacterial Implant coating Magnetron sputtering

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Geographically distributed hybrid testing & collaboration between geotechnical centrifuge and structures laboratories

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第1期17卷 53-71页

作者： Mobin Ojaghi Ignacio Lamata Martínez Matt S.Dietz Martin S.Williams Anthony Blakeborough Adam j.Crewe Colin A.Taylor S.P.Gopal Madabhushi stuart K.Haigh Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Department of Civil Engineering University of Bristol Department of Engineering University of Cambridge

Distributed Hybrid Testing（DHT） is an experimental technique designed to capitalise on advances in modern networking infrastructure to overcome traditional laboratory capacity limitations. By coupling the heterogeneous test apparatus and computational resources of geographically distributed laboratories, DHT provides the means to take on complex, multi-disciplinary challenges with new forms of communication and collaboration. To introduce the opportunity and practicability afforded by DHT, here an exemplar multi-site test is addressed in which a dedicated fibre network and suite of custom software is used to connect the geotechnical centrifuge at the University of Cambridge with a variety of structural dynamics loading apparatus at the University of Oxford and the University of Bristol. While centrifuge time-scaling prevents real-time rates of loading in this test, such experiments may be used to gain valuable insights into physical phenomena, test procedure and accuracy. These and other related experiments have led to the development of the real-time DHT technique and the creation of a flexible framework that aims to facilitate future distributed tests within the UK and beyond. As a further example, a real-time DHT experiment between structural labs using this framework for testing across the Internet is also presented.

关键词： centrifuge distributed dynamics geotechnical hardware-in-the-loop real-time hybrid testing

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Palaeoclimatic Controls on Clay Mineral Distribution in the Early Cretaceous(Barremian): The Wessex Basin， Southeast England

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journal of Earth Science 2023年

作者： Oladapo O.Akinlotan Ogechukwu A.Moghalu stuart j.Hatter Byami A.jolly Okwudiri A.Anyiam Department of Geology， University of Nigeria 3. Badley Ashton & Associates Ltd， Winceby House， Winceby Department of Geography， University of Sussex， Falmer Department of Geology， Ahmadu Bello University

This study describes the clay mineralogy of the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) rocks of the Wessex Basin for palaeoenvironmental interpretations. Seventy-four samples were subjected to optical microscopy， scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS)， and Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN?) techniques. The results revealed an illite-dominated sedimentation in most sections of the basin， with kaolinite， chlorite， smectite and glauconite occurring in subordinate quantities. Inferred paleoclimatic conditions from the clay mineral trends indicates a warm and dry climate， with seasonal precipitation. Kaolinite to illite ratios indicate that more arid climate conditions were prevalent but brief periods of warm and humid conditions were also present. A strong positive correlation between chlorite and tourmaline indicates that excess chlorite may have been contributed from tourmaline-chlorite-schists in a tourmaline-dominated provenance. SEM confirms that most of the clay minerals are detrital in origin but authigenic kaolinite is also present as vermiform and mica-replacive kaolinite which formed during early diagenetic modification from flushing meteoric waters in warm humid climates. This study is significant because it demonstrates the importance of multi-proxy methods for understanding clay minerals within sedimentary basins for interpreting the palaeoclimatic conditions of depositional systems.

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Investigating the physics of disruptions with real-time tomography at jET

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第3期24卷 80-88页

作者： Diogo R FERREIRA Pedro j CARVALHO Ivo S CARVALHO Chris I stuart Peter j LOMAS jET Contributors 无 Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear(IPFN) Instituto Superior Técnico(IST)Universidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais 11049-001 LisboaPortugal Culham Centre for Fusion Energy(CCFE) UK Atomic Energy Authority(UKAEA)Culham Science CentreAbingdonOX143DB OxfordshireUnited Kingdom See the author list of E.joffrin et al 2019 Nucl Fusion 59112021 EUROfusion Consortium JETCulham Science CentreAbingdonOX143DBUK

As jET is developing and testing operational scenarios for higher fusion performance,an increase in pulse disruptivity is being *** a deeper analysis,we find that several radiative phenomena play an active role in determining the outcome of the *** analysis is enabled by the use of real-time tomography based on the bolometer *** though plasma tomography is an inverse problem,we use machine learning to train a forward model that provides the radiation profile directly,based on a single matrix multiplication *** model is used to investigate radiative phenomena including sawtooth crashes,ELMs and MARFE,and their relationship to the radiated power in different regions of *** particular,we use realtime tomography to monitor the core region,and to throw an alarm whenever core radiation exceeds a certain *** results suggest that this measure alone can anticipate a significant fraction of disruptions in the jET baseline scenario.

关键词： plasma tomography machine learning plasma disruptions

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Copper-based oxygen carriers supported with alumina/lime for the chemical looping conversion of gaseous fuels

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第5期26卷 891-901页

作者： Syed K Haider María Erans Felix Donat Lunbo Duan stuart A Scott Vasilije Manovic Edward j Anthony Combustion and CCS Centre Cranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK43 0ALUK Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096JiangsuChina Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCambridgeUK

Copper（Ⅱ） oxide in varying ratios was combined with either an alumina-based cement（Al300）, or CaO derived from limestone as support material in a mechanical pelletiser. This production method was used to investigate its influence on possible mechanical and chemical improvements for oxygen carriers in chemical looping processes. These materials were tested in a lab-scale fluidised bed with CO or CH;as a reducing gas at 950 °C. As expected, the oxygen carriers containing a greater ratio of support material exhibited an enhanced crushing strength. Oxygen carriers comprised of a 1:3 ratio of support material to active CuO exhibited increased crushing strength by a minimum of 280% compared to pure CuO *** oxygen carriers exhibited a high CO conversion yield and were fully reducible from CuO to Cu. For the initial redox cycle, Al300-supported oxygen carriers showed the highest fuel and oxygen carrier conversion. The general trend observed was a decline in conversion with an increasing number of redox *** the case of CaO-supported oxygen carriers, all but one of the oxygen carriers suffered *** agglomeration was more severe in carriers with higher ratios of CuO. Oxygen carrier Cu25Al75（75 wt% aluminate cement and 25 wt% CuO）, which did not suffer from agglomeration, showed the highest attrition with a loss of approximately 8% of its initial mass over 25 redox cycles. The reducibility of the oxygen carriers was limited with CH;in comparison to CO. CH;conversion were 15%-25% and 50% for Cu25Ca75（25 wt% CuO and 75 wt% CaO） and Cu25Al75, respectively. Cu25Ca75 demonstrated improved conversion, whereas Cu25Al75 exhibited a trending decrease in conversion with increasing redox cycles.

关键词： Chemical-looping Oxygen carrier Copper Carbon capture

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Crystal structure of PqqB from <i>Pseudomonas putida</i>at 2.2 Åresolution

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journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2012年第2期3卷 206-210页

作者： Moritz Metlitzky Sandra Puehringer stuart j. Fisher Department of Molecular Biology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is an important redox-active cofactor for many bacterial dehy-drogenases. It's biosynthetic pathway involves six or seven genes, one of which is pqqB. Former studies indicated that the protein encoded by pqqB, namely PqqB, functions as a PQQ transporter. Here we report the crystal structure of PqqB from Pseudomonas putida at 2.2 ? resolution together with functional studies to verify this theory.

关键词： PqqB PQQ Biosynthetic Pathway X-Ray Crystallography

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Dual Effects of IL-1 Overactivity on the Immune System in a Mouse Model of Arthritis due to Deficiency of IL-1 Receptor Antagonist

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journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第2期40卷 83-91页

作者： jian Yan Yan jiao Hong Chen Feng jiao Karen A.Hasty john M.stuart Weikuan Gu Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME University of Tennessee Health Science Center Mudanjiang Medical College The First Hospital of Qiqihaer City Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Previous studies have revealed the significance of cytokine interleukin 1 （IL-1） in the onset and progression of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. The precise molecular mechanisms related to IL-1 underlying RA is still elusive. We conducted a whole genome-wide tran- scriptomal comparison of wild-type （WT） and arthritis-prone IL-1 receptor antagonist （IL-lrn） deficient BALB/c mice to address this issue. To refine our search efforts, gene expression profiling was also performed on paired wild-type and arthritis-resistant IL-lrn deficient DBA/1 mice as internal controls when identifying causative arthritis candidate genes. Two hundred and fifteen transcripts were found to be dysregulated greater than or equal to 2-fold in the diseased mice. The altered transcriptome in BALB/c mice revealed increased myeloid cell activities and impaired lymphocyte functionality, suggesting dual regulatory effects of IL-1 hyperactivity on immunological changes associated with arthritis development. Phase-specific gene expression changes were identified, such as early increase and late decrease of heat shock protein coding genes. Moreover, common gene expression changes were also observed, especially the upregulation of paired Ig-like receptor A （Pira） in both early and late phases of arthritis. Real-time PCR was performed to validate the expression of Pira and an intervention experiment with a major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class I inhibitor （brefeldin A） was carded out to investigate the role of suppressing Pira activity. We conclude that global pattern changes of common and distinct gene expressions may represent novel opportunities for better control of RA through early diagnosis and development of alternative therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Arthritis Gene expression Mouse Transcriptome

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Lung Pathology 2005

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丛书名： Current Clinical Pathology

2005年

作者： stuart Houser Eugene j. Mark Ulysses j. Balis

ISBN: (数字)9781592599370

ISBN: (纸本)9781588293886

A novel and substantive approach to teaching the diagnostic elements of pulmonary pathology. Drawing on 263 challenging, yet exemplary, referral cases taken from files collected over 20 years by internationally renowned lung pathologist, Dr. Eugene Mark, the authors introduce his state-of-the-art approach to the interpretation of pulmonary pathology. They illustrate the principles of his diagnostic approach with high-resolution color images found on the CD accompanying the book. This Lung Pathology Atlas on CD-ROM contains the histological record of each case, usually as five-color images that are representative of the histology seen on the slides that were sent to Dr. Mark in consultation, with the pathology being described in his letters to the referring pathologists. This text includes the primary and/or differential diagnosis and the pertinent histological features of each case, as well as clinical history, when available. Key words or phrases in the text are highlighted and digitally hyperlinked to associated images or regions of interest within those images to assist the readers in their correlation. The CD allows readers to differentiate subtle differences in histology when separating one disease entity from another and to broaden their understanding of the natural history of the disease through examples of medical lung disease in different phases of progression

关键词： Lung Diseases

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Taking care of volunteers in a stroke trial: a new assisted-management strategy

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2016年第3期1卷 108-114页

作者： Amber C stuart jason j Sico Catherine M Viscoli Ashis H Tayal Silvio E Inzucchi Gary A Ford Karen L Furie Robert Cote j David Spence David Tanne Walter N Kernan on behalf of the IRIS Trial Investigators Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Neuroscience Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Medical Sciences Oxford UniversityOxfordUK The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University ProvidenceRhode IslandUSA Department of Neurology Neurosurgery and MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada University of Western Ontario LondonOntarioCanada 10Sheba Medical CenterTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael 不详

Background and purpose:Providing participants with evidence-based care for secondary prevention is an ethical and scientific priority for trials in stroke *** optimal strategy,however,is *** report the performance of a new approach for delivering preventive care to trial ***:Participants were enrolled in the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke trial,which examined the insulin sensitiser,pioglitazone versus placebo for prevention of stroke and myocardial infarction after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic *** care was the responsibility of the participants’personal healthcare providers,but investigators monitored care and provided feedback *** studied achievement of 8 prevention goals at baseline and 3 annual visits,with a focus on 3 priority goals:blood pressurejority of trial participants did not persist in being at goal over *** registration number:NCT00091949.

关键词： prevention annually goals

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Productivity constraints on Citron-crested Cockatoos in a rich community of large hole-nesting birds

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 25-35页

作者： Anna Reuleaux Benny A.Siregar Nigel j.Collar Ani Mardiastuti stuart j.Marsden Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Burung Indonesia BogorIndonesia BirdLife International CambridgeUK Bogor Agricultural University(IPB University) BogorIndonesia

Knowledge of breeding success and its limiting factors is crucial in assessing species’conservation *** cavity-nesters,parrots are particularly influenced by the availability of suitable cavities and low breeding output,whether due to natural processes or *** the island of Sumba,Indonesia,the Critically Endangered Citron-crested Cockatoo(Cacatua citrinocristata)has the added problem of co-existing with an unusually rich hole-nesting bird community in a forested environment much constrained by habitat *** monitored 95 nesting cavities of cockatoos and their competitors and potential nest-predators,over one to four breeding seasons,using a combination of camera-traps,direct checks on nest contents,and observations from the *** for suitable cavities was intense among three large parrot species,two owls and a *** rates by potential competitors were higher at unoccupied cavities than at those containing active nests,reflecting the guarding behaviour of the *** Endangered Sumba Hornbill(Rhyticeros everetti)dominated observed direct confrontations and was the most frequent visitor to active parrot nests,suggesting a further role as a potential *** prospected many cavities but rarely then attempted to nest:instead the sites were usually occupied by other cavity-nesters,or by *** the few cavities where cockatoos did breed,predation pressure was likely low,and observed success rate high(10 successful of 15 nests),although the low number of nests found early in the breeding cycle suggests that some may have failed before *** competition for cavities suggests a shortage of suitable nest-sites,the need for preservation of old hole-bearing trees and a role for ***,known,safe artificial nest-sites would also provide opportunities to assess the scale of nest-site shortage,allow camera placements to study productivity,exclude some competitors and predators,and prevent ill

关键词： Camera-traps Competition Conservation Hornbills Parrots Predation

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