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Three-stage pyrolysis–steam reforming–water gas shift processing of household,commercial and industrial waste plastics for hydrogen production

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 25-37页

作者： Rayed Alshareef Robert Sait-stewart Mohamad A.Nahil Paul T.Williams School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Five common single plastics and nine different household,commercial and industrial waste plastics were processed using a three-stage(i)pyrolysis,(ii)catalytic steam reforming and(iii)water gas shift reaction system to produce *** of plastics produces a range of different hydrocarbon species which are subsequently catalytically steam reformed to produce H_(2)and CO and then undergo water gas shift reaction to produce further H_(2).The process mimics the commercial process for hydrogen production from natural *** of the single polyalkene plastics(high-density polyethylene(HDPE),low-density polyethylene(LDPE),and polypropylene(PP))produced similar H_(2)yields between 115 mmol and 120 mmol per gram *** though PS produced an aromatic product slate from the pyrolysis stage,further stages of reforming and water gas shift reaction produced a gas yield and composition similar to that of the polyalkene plastics(115 mmol H_(2)per gram plastic).PET gave significantly lower H_(2)yield(41 mmol per gram plastic)due to the formation of mainly CO,CO_(2)and organic acids from the pyrolysis stage which were not conducive to further reforming and water gas shift reaction.A mixture of the single plastics typical of that found in municipal solid waste produced a H_(2)yield of 102 mmol per gram *** the gas yields and composition from the single plastics enabled an estimation of the yields from a simulated waste plastic mixture and a‘real-world’waste plastic mixture to be *** different household,commercial and industrial waste plastic mixtures produced H_(2)yields between 70 mmol and 107 mmol per gram *** H_(2)yield and gas composition from the single waste plastics gave an indication of the type of plastics in the mixed waste plastic samples.

关键词： Waste plastic Hydrogen Catalyst Pyrolysis reforming Water gas shift

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Fabrication and characterisation of random and aligned electrospun scaffolds to investigate hypothalamic stem/progenitor cell behaviour

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 11-20页

作者： Selina Beal Iain stewart Paul Hatton Marysia Placzek Ilida Ortega School of Clinical Dentistry and Insigneo Institute Claremont CrescentUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TAUK School of Biosciences University of SheffieldEnglandUK National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial CollegeLondon SW36LYUK

Tanycytes are stem/progenitor cells that reside in the hypothalamus of the adult vertebrate *** can be cultured as free-floating neurospheres in vitro but tend to spontaneously differentiate over *** we asked whether morphological cues provided by engineered polymer scaffolds can modify spontaneous ***-derived neurospheres were cultured on electrospun scaffolds,prepared with either random or aligned fiber *** dispersed widely on the scaffolds,and-on aligned scaffolds-were highly organized,orientated parallel to the *** analysis showed that cells cultured on aligned scaffolds showed significantly greater expression of the neural stem/progenitor cell marker,NrCAM and reduced expres-sion of differentiated cell markers in comparison to those cultured on random *** this shows that tanycytes respond to local engineered cues,and that a morphologically constrained environment can better main-tain tanycytes as stem *** aligned scaffold culture system provides a powerful tool to better investigate this novel stem/progenitor cell population.

关键词： Scaffold Tanycytes Neural stem/progenitor cells Fiber alignment Electrospinning

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多元文化经验对艺术创作的影响:舒龑的艺术探索之旅

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艺术与设计（理论版） 2024年第8期 23-24页

作者：司徒瓦特不详

在全球化日益加深的今天,多元文化经验对于艺术创作的重要性日益凸显。艺术家舒的创作经历充分展示了不同文化背景如何深刻影响和丰富艺术家的创作视角和艺术表达。文化自信与国际艺术交流舒的艺术创作不仅展示了其个人的文化自信,也促... 详细信息

在全球化日益加深的今天,多元文化经验对于艺术创作的重要性日益凸显。艺术家舒的创作经历充分展示了不同文化背景如何深刻影响和丰富艺术家的创作视角和艺术表达。文化自信与国际艺术交流舒的艺术创作不仅展示了其个人的文化自信,也促进了国际艺术交流。他的作品《白龙的追逐者》和《阿斯特利亚之城》不仅在国内外多个平台和媒体上得到广泛传播,《阿斯特利亚之城》还被收录于法国蒙彼利埃法布尔美术馆(Musée Fabre)的展览,以及阿罕布拉市的Nucleus画廊的个展里。

关键词：艺术创作蒙彼利埃创作经历阿斯特文化自信创作视角利亚追逐者

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The Effects of Zinc Sulfate on the in Vitro Digestibility of Feeds in Cervids

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 157-167页

作者： Reese J. Thibodeaux Philip M. Urso Stanley F. Kelley Marcy M. Beverly Chris R. stewart Ian C. Dunn Gentech Diagnostics Dallas Texas USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA School of Agricultural Sciences Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texas USA 3-S Texas Outdoors/3-S Whitetails Bedias Texas USA

The captive white-tailed deer industry has an estimated impact of 1.6 billion USD in the state of Texas alone. However, nutritional requirements for cervids are determined through research based on sheep and goats. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of zinc on differences in dry matter digestibility in vitro for white-tailed does (Odocoileus virginianus). Deer (n = 2) were ethically harvested, rumens were collected, and placed into a cooler containing warm water. Rumen contents were agitated, and fluid was filtered using cheese cloth while applying CO2. Fluid was placed into four separate incubator jars with filter bags containing a 1:1 alfalfa to coastal hay blend. Zinc doses of 0.073 mg/kg/d equivalents were added to two of the jars ( Zn), and the additional two jars received 0.00 mg/kg/d (CON). Following 48 h of incubation, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) showed no significant differences between the control and the treatment groups. Average dry matter digested in vitro was 91.87% and 95.13%, respectively. There were no differences detected in ADF, NDF, IVTD, or OM between the treatment groups. While no detectable differences were observed in this study, this methodology did prove to be viable and functional for microbial digestion in vitro. This study can be replicated with multiple experimental units to confirm the observations of increased digestibility. Formal nutritional guidelines can be created to allow for more efficient feeding of cervids thereby reducing feed costs and continuing the growth of the captive deer industry.

关键词： Zinc IVDMD In Vitro Cervids

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Launching the imagination : a comprehensive guide to basic design Mary stewart. 2nd ed.

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2006年

作者： Mary stewart.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)0072870613

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： Design.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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深入天坑

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环球科学 2024年第6期 32-33页

作者：伊恩·斯图尔特不详

佛罗里达州是美国一个正在“自我崩溃”的州。在城市街道、宁静的郊区和柑橘园中,通往真实而隐秘的佛罗里达州的大门正在打开。从南部的礁岛到北部与佐治亚州的交界处,几乎整个阳光之州的地下,都是由洞穴组成的奇异世界。这是因为佛罗... 详细信息

佛罗里达州是美国一个正在“自我崩溃”的州。在城市街道、宁静的郊区和柑橘园中,通往真实而隐秘的佛罗里达州的大门正在打开。从南部的礁岛到北部与佐治亚州的交界处,几乎整个阳光之州的地下,都是由洞穴组成的奇异世界。这是因为佛罗里达州建设在一层巨大的石灰岩岩层上。

关键词：佐治亚州佛罗里达州柑橘园石灰岩隐秘

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Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第3期16卷 503-513页

作者： Mark G.stewart Michael DNetherton Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability The University of NewcastleNew South Wales2038Australia

The paper describes field test results of 7.62×51 mm M61 AP(armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor *** targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in *** tests recorded penetration depth,probability of perforation(i.e.,complete penetration),muzzle and impact velocities,bullet mass,and plate yield strength and *** measured penetration depth exhibited a variability of approximately±12%.The paper then compared ballistic test results with predictive models of steel penetration depth and thickness to prevent *** parameters were derived for muzzle and impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.A Monte-Carlo probabilistic analysis was then developed to estimate the probability of plate perforation of 7.62 mm M61 AP ammunition for a range of impact velocities,and for mild steels,and High Hardness Armour(HHA) *** perforation fragility analysis considered the random variability of impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model *** a probabilistic analysis allows for reliability-based design,where,for example,the plate thickness with 95% reliability(*** 1 in 20 shots will penetrate the wall) can be estimated knowing the probabilistic distribution of ***,it was found that the plate thickness to ensure a low 5% probability of perforation needs to be 11-15% thicker than required to have a 50/50 chance of perforation for mild steel *** would need to be 20-30% thicker if probability of perforation is reduced to zero.

关键词： Ballistics Probability Statistics Steel plates Armour steel Ammunition Experimental Perforation

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Risk Assessment and Optimisation of Blast Mitigation Strategies for Design and Strengthening of Built Infrastructure

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2006年第B9期12卷 8-15页

作者： stewart Mark G Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNSW Australia

A probabilistic risk assessment procedure is developed which can predict risks of explosive blast damage to built infrastructure, and when combined with life-cycle cost analysis, the procedure can be used to optimise blast mitigation strategies. The paper focuses on window glazing since this is a load-capacity system which, when subjected to blast loading, has caused significant damage and injury to building occupants. Structural reliability techniques are used to derive blast reliability curves for annealed and toughened glazing subjected to explosive blast for a variety of threat scenarios. The probabilistic analyses include the uncertainties associated with blast modelling, glazing response and glazing failure criteria. Damage risks are calculated for an individual window and for windows in the facade of a multi-storey commercial building. The paper shows an illustrative example of how this information, when combined with risk-based decision-making criteria, can be used to optimise blast mitigation strategies.

关键词： risk assessment blast-damage structural reliability glazing optimisation infrastructure

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The genetics of nicotine dependence:Relationship to Pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第46期12卷 7433-7439页

作者： stewart L MacLeod Parimal Chowdhury Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute Arkansas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention Little Rock AR United States Department of Physiology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR United States

Smoking of tobacco products continues to be a major cause of worldwide health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that tobacco smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Smokers who are able to quit smoking can reduce their risk of pancreatic cancer by nearly 50% within two years, however, their risk of developing pancreatic cancer remains higher than that of non-smokers for 10 years. Nicotine is the major psychoactive substance in tobacco, and is responsible for tobacco dependence and addiction. Recent evidence suggests that individuals have genetically based differences in their ability to metabolize nicotine, as well as genetic differences in the psychological reward pathways that may influence individual response to smoking initiation, dependence, addiction and cessation. Numerous associations have been reported between smoking behavior and genetic polymorphisms in genes that are responsible for nicotine metabolism. In addition, polymorphisms in genes that encode neurotransmitters and transporters that function in psychological reward pathways have been implicated in differences in smoking behavior. However, there is a large degree of between-study variability that demonstrates the need for larger, well-controlled casecontrol studies to identify target genes and deduce mechanisms that account for the genetic basis of interindividual differences in smoking behavior. Understanding the genetic factors that increase susceptibility to tobacco addiction may result in more effective tobacco cessation programs which will, in turn, reduce the incidence of tobacco related disease, including pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Smoking Pancreatic cancer Nicotine dependence Genetics Polymorphism Nicotine metabolism

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Strategies for increasing the capture, storage, and utilization of precipitation in semiarid regions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1500-1510页

作者： B A stewart LIANG Wei-li Department of Agricultural Sciences West Texas A&M University Faculty of Agronomy Agricultural University of Hebei

Crop production in semiarid regions is always challenging because of the high variability of amount and distribution of *** regions become more important each year, however, because the rapidly increasing and more prosperous world population seeks greater consumption of animal products（meat, milk and eggs） that requires additional grain to that consumed *** dry areas of the developing world where approximately 40% of the world population lives comprise about 40% of the earth＇s land *** production, particularly cereal grains, must increase in these areas to meet these growing *** yield of cereal crops is a function of the amount of water used for evapotranspiration（ET）, the portion of ET used for transpiration（T）, the units of water as T to produce 1 unit of biomass, and the harvest index（HI）.The most important factor is the amount of evapotranspiration not only because it is closely proportional to grain yield, but because it tends to also make the other factors more ***, even small increases in ET can be *** for manipulating soil and plant conditions for increasing ET, and how additional ET affects the other factors, are discussed for water deficient *** use of crop residues as mulch is highly beneficial but often insufficient in dryland regions or is required for animal feed and *** mulch, mainly restricted to China, has significantly increased grain yields in dryland areas by decreasing evaporation from the soil surface.

关键词： dryland farming water precipitation

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