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When evidence is lacking:a mixed-methods approach for the development of practice guidance in liver transplantation

Gastroenterology Report 2021年第1期9卷 22-30,I0001页

作者： Lisa B.VanWagner Blessing Aghaulor Tasmeen Hussain Megan Kosirog Patrick Campbell stewart Pine Amna Daud Daniel j.Finn josh Levitsky Donald M.Lloyd-jones jane L.Holl Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Comprehensive Transplant Center Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Center for Healthcare Delivery Science and Innovation and Department of Neurology Biological Sciences DivisionUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Background Most interventions for conditions with a small cohort size,such as transplantation,are unlikely to be part of a clinical *** condition-specific evidence is lacking,expert consensus can offer more precise guidance to improve *** of cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant recipients is one example for which clinicians have,to date,adapted evidence-based guidelines from studies in the general ***,even when consensus is achieved,implementation of practice guidance is often inadequate and *** report on a novel mixed-methods approach,the Northwestern MethodVC,for the development of clinical-practice guidance when condition-specific evidence is *** illustrate the method through the development of practice guidance for managing cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant *** The Northwestern MethodVC consists of(i)adaptation of relevant,existing,evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines for the target population;(ii)consensus by experts of the proposed practice guidance;(iii)identification of barriers to guidance adherence in current practice;and(iv)recommendation for implementation and dissemination of the practice *** method is based on an iterative,user-centered approach in which the needs,wants,and limitations of all end users,including patients,are attended to at each stage of the design and development *** The Northwestern MethodVC for clinical-practice-guidance development uses a mixed-methods approach to bring together broad representation from multiple disciplines and practice settings to develop consensus considering the unique needs and preferences of patients,caregivers,and practitioners who are directly impacted by clinical-practice-guidance *** hypothesize that a priori involvement of end users in the guidance-development process will lead to sustainable implementation of guidance statements into clinical practice.

关键词： liver transplantation practice guideline consensus methodology

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Trans-Gulf of Mexico loop migration of tree swallows revealed by solar geolocation

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 653-659页

作者： David W. BRADLEY Robert G. clark Peter O. DUNN Andrew j. LAUGHLIN Caz M. TAYLOR Carol VLECK Linda A. WHITTINGHAM David W. WINKLER D. Ryan NORRIS Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W 1 Canada Bird Studies Canada Port Rowan Ontario N0E 1M0 Canada Environment Canada. Saskatoon. Saskatchewan S7N 0X4. Canada Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group Department of Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana 70118 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-1020 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Museum of Vertebrates and Lab of Ornithology Comell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA

One of the greatest feats of avian migration is the non-stop crossing of extensive areas of inhospitable habitat such as deserts and seas. Differences in spring and autumn migration routes have been reported in species that cross such barriers, and are thought to have evolved in response to seasonal variation in prevailing wind direction. We tested the hypothesis that migration routes vary seasonally with respect to the Gulf of Mexico in the tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor using solar geolocators attached and retrieved at 4 breeding sites in central North America. We found that 100 % of birds （n = 10） made a trans-Gulf flight of 〉850 km from Louisiana south to their wintering grounds in the Yucatan Peninsula in 12-36 hours, achieving minimum ground speeds as high as 32 m/s. Although most days during autumn migration were characterized by unfavorable headwinds blowing to the northwest, migration over the Gulf mostly occurred on days with strong winds blowing to the south. In contrast, in 8 of 9 （88 %） birds on spring migration returned from the wintering grounds towards Louisiana following a clockwise loop pat- tern flying over land to the west around the Gulf. During this spring period there were few days with prevailing winds from the south to assist northward migration. Results suggest that, despite being up to three times further （ca. 2,700 kin）, a coastal circum-Gulf spring migration represents the less risky route when wind conditions are not favorable. These findings also help to resolve a long-standing dispute in the literature concerning migration patterns between the US Gulf coast and Mexico, and provide insight into the factors shaping migration strategies of small songbirds migrating across large bodies of water [Current Zoology 60（5）： 653-559, 2014].

关键词： Ecological Barrier Geolocation Gulf of Mexico Tachycineta bicolor Tree swallow Migration

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Yeast knockout library allows for efficient testing of genomic mutations for cell-free protein synthesis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2016年第1期1卷 2-6页

作者： jennifer *** Lauren G.clark Alaksh Choudhury C.Eric Hodgman Michael C.jewett Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA Chemistry of Life Processes Institute 2170 Campus DriveEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA Masters in Biotechnology Program Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3120USA Robert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Northwestern University676 N.St Clair StSuite 1200ChicagoIL 60611-3068USA Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern University303 E.Superior StSuite 11-131ChicagoIL 60611-2875USA

Cell-free protein synthesis(CFPS)systems from crude lysates have benefitted from modifications to their enzyme *** example,functionally deleting enzymes in the source strain that are deleterious to CFPS can improve protein synthesis ***,making such modifications can take substantial *** a proof-of-concept to accelerate prototyping capabilities,we assessed the feasibility of using the yeast knockout collection to identify negative effectors in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae CFPS *** analyzed extracts made from six deletion strains that targeted the single deletion of potentially negative effectors(e.g.,nucleases).We found a statistically significant increase in luciferase yields upon loss of function of GCN3,PEP4,PPT1,NGL3,and XRN1 with a maximum increase of over 6-fold as compared to the wild *** work has implications for yeast CFPS and for rapidly prototyping strains to enable cell-free synthetic biology applications.

关键词： Cell-free protein synthesis Saccharomyces cerevisiae Synthetic biology In vitro translation Cell-free biology Protein expression

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Early Mesoproterozoic evolution of midcontinental Laurentia: Defining the geon 14 Baraboo orogeny

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 37-53页

作者： L.Gordon Medaris jr Brad S.Singer Brian R.jicha David H.Malone joshua j.Schwartz Esther K.stewart Amanda Van Lankvelt Michael L.Williams Peter W.Reiners Department of Geoscience University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Geography Geology&EnvironmentIllinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790USA Department of Geological Sciences California State University-NorthridgeNorthridgeCA 91330USA Wisconsin Geological&Natural History Survey MadisonWI 53705USA Cameca Instruments 5470 Nobel Dr.MadisonWI 54711USA Department of Geosciences University of Massachusetts-AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Geosciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

New geochronologic data from midcontinental Laurentia demonstrate that emplacement of the 1476-1470 Ma Wolf River granitic batholith was not an isolated igneous event,but was accompanied by regional metamorphism,deformation,and *** for such metamorphism and deformation is best seen in siliciclastic sedimentary rocks of the Baraboo Interval,which were deposited closely following the 1.65-1.63 Ga Mazatzal *** Baraboo Interval strata,muscovite parallel to slatey cleavage,in hydrothermal veins,in quartzite breccia,and in metamorphosed paleosol yielded ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar plateau ages of 1493-1465 *** addition,U-Th-total Pb dating of neoblastic overgrowths on detrital monazite gave an age of 1488±20 Ma,and recrystallized hematite in folded metapelite gave a mean U/Th-He age of 1411±39 ***-Baraboo,arkosic polymictic conglomerate,which contains detrital zircon with a minimum peak age of 1493 Ma,was intruded by a 1470 Ma granite porphyry at the northeastern margin of the Wolf River *** episode of magmatism,regional deformation and metamorphism,and sedimentation,which is designated herein as the Baraboo orogeny,provides a midcontinental link between the Picuris orogeny to the southwest and the Pinware orogeny to the northeast,completing the extent of early Mesoproterozoic(Calymmian)orogenesis for 5000 km along the southern margin of *** transcontinental orogen is unique among Precambrian orogenies for its great width(-1600 km),the predominance of ferroan granites derived from partial melting of lower continental crust,and the prevalence of regional high T-P metamorphism related to advective heating by granitic magmas emplaced in the middle to upper crust.

关键词： Mesoproterozoic orogeny Ferroan granite Detrital zircon ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar geochronology U-Th-total Pb geochronology U/Th-He geochronology

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Traditional Nitrogen Removal Coupled with SND to Meet Advanced WWTP Standards at a Full Scale SBR Wastewater Treatment Facility

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journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第10期9卷 1169-1183页

作者： Charlie L. Martin jr. Clayton j. clark II Water/Wastewater Department Graceville USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Florida A & M University Tallahassee Tallahassee USA

A Florida wastewater treatment facility studied how Simultaneous Nitrification Denitrification (SND) coupled with traditional nitrogen removal would be used to meet the state’s current advanced wastewater treatment nutrient criterion. This study examined the effect of these combined processes on the fate and transport of the nitrogen species during the treatment process. The effectiveness of nitrogen removal within the full scale sequential batch reactor system (SBR) and the extent of SND compared to nitrification and denitrification in the nitrogen removal process was also evaluated. Finally, the overall performance of the municipal wastewater treatment facility utilizing these combined processes was evaluated. Overall, this application reduced the total nitrogen to almost 6% of the permitted concentration of 3.0 mg/L. The combination of both processes also resulted in an actual ?concentration 93.7% lower than the acceptable theoretical ?concentration, which also resulted in effluent Total Inorganic Nitrogen nearly 80% lower than the permitted 3.0 mg/L effluent concentration. Further, the process produced a composite Total Nitrogen concentration that was 74% lower than the permitted concentration. This coupling of SND with traditional nitrogen removal resulted in a highly effective process to reduce nitrogen in the municipal wastewater effluent which is also attractive for potential implementation due to the low cost expenditure incurred in its utilization.

关键词： Nitrogen Simultaneous Nitrification Denitrification (SND) Wastewater Treatment Full Scale Facility

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开角型青光眼降眼压药物的新靶点研究

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中华眼科杂志 2016年第6期52卷 471-475页

作者：毛伟明刘扬 Robert j. Wordinger Abbot F. clark 彭玉豪美国北德州大学健康科学研究中心眼科研究所

青光眼是我国及全球主要的致盲眼病。目前开角型青光眼的治疗局限于通过降低眼压延缓视神经病变的进展。临床用于降低眼压的药物主要机制为增强葡萄膜巩膜通路的房水外流和抑制房水生成。由于青光眼眼压升高的主要原因是小梁网通路阻力... 详细信息

青光眼是我国及全球主要的致盲眼病。目前开角型青光眼的治疗局限于通过降低眼压延缓视神经病变的进展。临床用于降低眼压的药物主要机制为增强葡萄膜巩膜通路的房水外流和抑制房水生成。由于青光眼眼压升高的主要原因是小梁网通路阻力上升，因此现有药物未能从根本上纠正疾病的起源和病理生理改变。本文对直接针对青光眼小梁网房水外流阻塞病理机制的新药物靶点和治疗策略进行综述，以期这些新药物靶点和策略成为治疗青光眼的突破性新方法。

关键词：青光眼开角型分子靶向治疗小梁网药物发现

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Preliminary Analyses of Controlled Release of Potassium Permanganate Encapsulated in Polycaprolactone

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journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第1期13卷 32-43页

作者： Niya S. King Stephanie Luster-Teasley Clayton j. clark II Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Florida A & M University FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Tallahassee FL USA Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering North Carolina A & T State University Greensboro NC USA

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has been used widely as an oxidant for remediation of contaminated soil and water systems. The present study evaluates the release of this oxidant from Polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer as part of a patented controlled release process (CRP) to be applied for targeted removal of contaminants from water. KMnO4 was encapsulated into PCL at a 1:5 oxidant to polymer ratio and placed in batch reactor systems with reagent water to be evaluated over a 96 hour period. SEM images showed that over time, the number of cavities and their sizes increased on the waxy surface of the PCL polymer. The experimental data from the release of KMnO4 from PCL was found to fit non-Fickian diffusion model after dissolution (R2 = 0.93) similar to other systems that describe the dispersal of other oxidants from wax matrices. In addition, the model parameters for data of this present study were also found to be comparable to previous release studies with the same oxidant encapsulated in different wax matrices at similar ratios. Overall, the similarity of release data between the diversity of polymers shows that the controlled release biodegradable polymer utilizing PCL provides effective release of the KMnO4 with the added benefit biodegradable nature of PCL.

关键词： Potassium Permanganate Controlled-Release Encapsulation Kinetics

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地下水内微量有机污染物取样方法

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水文地质工程地质译丛 1991年第5期 33-41,32页

作者： clark,j

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Launching the imagination : a comprehensive guide to basic design Mary stewart. 2nd ed.

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2006年

作者： Mary stewart.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)0072870613

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： Design.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Improving bermudagrass in the Southeastern United States with alfalfa as an alternative nitrogen source in grazing systems

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 280-289页

作者： justin C.Burt Lisa L.Baxter Christopher G.Prevatt Mary Kimberly Mullenix R.Lawton stewart jr. jennifer j.Tucker Department of Animal and Dairy Science University of GeorgiaTiftonGeorgiaUSA Department of Crop and Soil Science University of GeorgiaTiftonGeorgiaUSA Regional Specialized Agent Range Cattle RECUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Department of Animal Science Auburn UniversityAuburnAuburnUSA Department of Animal and Dairy Science University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA

Background Bermudagrass(Cynodon spp.)is one of the most common perennial warm-season forages grown in the Southeastern United *** incorporation of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)into bermudagrass pastures could serve as an alternative source of nitrogen(N)while also improving the nutritive value of the forage *** A 2-year grazing evaluation arranged in a randomized complete block design was conducted from May to September 2018(Year 1)and May–August 2019(Year 2)in Tifton,GA,*** objective was to compare the production of alfalfa–bermudagrass mixed pastures(BGA)with bermudagrass monoculture pastures with(BGN)or without(BG)the application of synthetic nitrogen on forage production and stocker cattle *** Differences were observed for average daily gain(p=0.10),gain per hectare(p=0.02)and stocking rate(p=0.01),in that BGA was greatest compared to BGN and BG,which did not differ from each ***,BGA had increased forage crude protein(p=0.01)and total digestible nutrients(p=0.01)compared to BGN and ***,BGA provided the greatest economic return per hectare compared to BG or *** These data illustrate improved animal performance and forage nutritive value using alfalfa–bermudagrass systems and offer a viable option for producers seeking alternatives to synthetic N sources for bermudagrass pastures in the Southeastern United States.

关键词： alfalfa-bermudagrass mixtures forage management grazing management

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