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世界急危重病医学杂志 2004年第6期1卷 466-469,480页

作者： PeterC．Minneci KatherineJ．Deans stevenm．banks PeterQ．Eichacker CharlesNatanson 冯丽洁王佩燕

Background Previous meta- analyses demonstrated that high-dose glucocorticoids were not beneficial in sepsis. Recently,lower- dose glucocorticoids have been studiedPurpose To compare recent trials of glucocorticoids for sepsis with previous glucocorticoid trials. Data Sources Systematic MEDLINE search for studies published between 1988 and 2003. Study Selection Randomized, controlled trials of sepsis that examined the effects of glucocorticoids on survival or vasopressor requirements. Data Extraction Two investigators independently collected data on patient and study characteristics, treatment interventions, and outcomes. Data Synthesis The 5 included trials revealed a consistent and beneficial effect of glucocorticoids on survival(I^2=0%; relative benefit, 1.23, [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.50] ;P=0.036) and shock reversal(I^2=0%; relative benefit, 1.71 [CI, 1.29 to 2.26] ; P<0.001). These effects were the same regardless of adrenal function. In contrast, 8 trials published before 1989 demonstrated a survival disadvantage with steroid treatment(I^2=14% ; relative benefit, 0.89 [ CI, 0.82 to 0.97] ; P=0.008). In comparison with the earlier trials, the more recent trials administered steroids later after patients met enrollment criteria( median, 23 hours vs.<2 hours ; P=0.02) , for longer courses(6 days vs. 1 day; P=0.01) , and in lower total dosages(hydrocortisone equivalents, 1209 mg vs. 23975 mg;P=0.01 )to patients with higher control group mortality rates( mean, 57% vs. 34%; P=0.06) who were more likely to be vasopressor-dependent( 100% vs. 65% ; P=0.03). The relationship between steroid dose and survival was linear, characterized by benefit at low doses and increasing harm at higher doses(P=0.02). Limitations We could not analyze time-related improvements in medical care and potential bias secondary to nonreporting of negative study results. Conclusions Although short courses of high - dose glucocorticoids decreased survival during sepsis, a 5-to 7-day course of physiolog

关键词：皮质激素脓毒症存活休克感染性休克

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Robust Cross-Linked Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3) Full Sodium-Ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 9-20页

作者： Jinqiang Gao Ye Tian Lianshan Ni Baowei Wang Kangyu Zou Yingchang Yang Ying Wang Craig E.banks Dou Zhang Kechao Zhou Huan Liu Wentao Deng Guoqiang Zou Hongshuai Hou Xiaobo Ji College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Material and Chemical Engineering Tongren UniversityTongren 554300China Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong Kong S.A.R.China Faculty of Science and Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester UK State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and ConversionHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China School of Materials and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have rapidly risen to the forefront of energy storage systems as a promising supplementary for Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3)(NVPF)as a common cathode of SIBs,features the merits of high operating voltage,small volume change and favorable specific energy ***,it suffers from poor cycling stability and rate performance induced by its low intrinsic ***,we propose an ingenious strategy targeting superior SIBs through cross-linked NVPF with multi-dimensional nanocarbon frameworks composed of amorphous carbon and carbon nanotubes(NVPF@C@CNTs).This rational design ensures favorable particle size for shortened sodium ion transmission pathway as well as improved electronic transfer network,thus leading to enhanced charge transfer kinetics and superior cycling *** from this unique structure,significantly improved electrochemical properties are obtained,including high specific capacity(126.9 mAh g^(-1)at 1 C,1 C=128 mA g^(-1))and remarkably improved long-term cycling stability with 93.9%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 20 *** energy density of 286.8 Wh kg^(-1)can be reached for full cells with hard carbon as anode(NVPF@C@CNTs//HC).Additionally,the electrochemical performance of the full cell at high temperature is also investigated(95.3 mAh g^(-1)after 100 cycles at 1 C at 50℃).Such nanoscale dual-carbon networks engineering and thorough discussion of ion diffusion kinetics might make contributions to accelerating the process of phosphate cathodes in SIBs for large-scale energy storages.

关键词： dual-nanocarbon networks full sodium-ion battery ion transfer kinetics Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3) NASICON structure

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Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 393-404页

作者： Andrew Scott deLemos Jing Zhao Milin Patel banks Kooken Karan Mathur Hieu Minh Nguyen Areej Mazhar Maggie McCarter Heather Burney Carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh Department of Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Center for Health System Sciences(CHASSIS) Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUND Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and may influence its ***,after diagnosis of HCC,like other malignancies,the obesity paradox may exist where higher body mass index(BMI)may in fact confer a survival *** is frequently observed in patients with advanced HCC and cirrhosis,who often present late with advanced tumor features and cancer related weight *** To explore the relationship between BMI and survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** This is a retrospective cohort study of over 2500 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2009-2019 at two United States academic medical *** and tumor characteristics were extracted manually from medical records of each institutions'cancer *** were stratified according to BMI classes:30 kg/m^(2)(obese).Patient and tumor characteristics were compared according to BMI *** performed an overall survival analysis using Kaplan Meier by the three BMI classes and after adjusting for Milan criteria.A multivariable Cox regression model was then used to assess known risk factors for survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** A total of 2548 patients with HCC were included in the analysis of which 11.2%(n=286)were classified as *** three main BMI categories:Lean(n=754),overweight(n=861),and obese(n=933)represented 29.6%,33.8%,and 36.6%of the total population *** each BMI class,the non-cirrhotic patients accounted for 15%(n=100),12%(n=94),and 11%(n=92),*** patients with a BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)(n=52)were included in the lean *** the obese cohort,42%(n=396)had a BMI≥35 kg/m^(2).Out of 2262 patients with cirrhosis and HCC,654(29%)were lean,767(34%)were overweight,and 841(37%)were *** three BMI classes did not differ by age,MELD,or Child-Pugh *** hepatitis C was the dominant etiology in lea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Obesity Body mass index class Sarcopenia Chronic hepatitis C

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偶尔朋友

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初中生 2024年第11期 45-49页

作者： Heather Lynne banks Luke(编译) 不详

朋友之间相互尊重、相互欣赏,彼此会觉得很舒服。如果有的朋友总是向你发泄负面情绪,我们是应该迁就还是包容呢?面对这样的情况,露西是如何处理的?露西扫视一圈自助餐厅,努力让自己不要惊慌。这是她在新学校上学的第一天。她不知道该和... 详细信息

朋友之间相互尊重、相互欣赏,彼此会觉得很舒服。如果有的朋友总是向你发泄负面情绪,我们是应该迁就还是包容呢?面对这样的情况,露西是如何处理的?露西扫视一圈自助餐厅,努力让自己不要惊慌。这是她在新学校上学的第一天。她不知道该和谁坐在一起。

关键词：负面情绪相互尊重自助餐厅相互欣赏朋友学校

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On Exact Conservation for the Euler Equations with Complex Equations of State

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第10期8卷 995-1015页

作者： J.W.banks Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94551USA

Conservative numerical methods are often used for simulations of fluid flows involving shocks and other jumps with the understanding that conservation guarantees reasonable treatment near *** is true in that convergent conservative approximations converge to weak solutions and thus have the correct shock ***,correct shock location results from any discretization whose violation of conservation approaches zero as the mesh is *** we investigate the case of the Euler equations for a single gas using the Jones-Wilkins-Lee(JWL)equation of *** show that a quasi-conservative method can lead to physically realistic solutions which are devoid of spurious pressure ***,we demonstrate that under certain conditions,a quasi-conservative method can exhibit higher rates of convergence near shocks than a strictly conservative counterpart of the same formal order.

关键词： Euler equations complex EOS JWL EOS Godunov methods

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The response of a semisubmersible model under focused wave groups: Experimental investigation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2017年第3期2卷 161-171页

作者： Michael banks Nagi Abdussamie National Centre for Maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime CollegeUniversity of TasmaniaLauncestonTAS 7250Australia

In recent years,extreme wave events have occurred more frequently than have been predicted using theoretical *** is,therefore,a requirement to investigate the impact of these events on coastal and offshore *** paper reports on results of an experimental investigation into the interaction between unidirectional waves and a horizontally moored semisubmersible *** target crest height was created at a focal point and time using the focused wave *** values of wave steepness were tested in order to ascertain the nonlinear effects on the quality of waves generated by a piston-type *** measured crest height was in good agreement with the theoretical one within 4%relative *** magnitudes of heave and pitch motions of the model were found to increase as the wave steepness ***,the paper contributes towards establishing the application of focused wave technique to floating offshore platforms.

关键词： Focused wave Offshore platforms Dynamic response

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Composite Integers n for Which φ(n)|n-1

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第10期23卷 1915-1918页

作者： William D.banks Florian LUCA Department of Mathematics University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Instituto de Matemáticas Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de MéxicoC.P.58089 MoreliaMichoacánMéxico

In this note, we show that the number of composite integers n ≤ x such that φ（n）｜n - 1 is at most O（x^1/2（loglog x）^1/2）, thus improving earlier results by Pomerance and by Shan.

关键词： Euler function Lehmer conjecture

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Cellular automata modelling of austenite grain coarsening during reheating——I. Normal grain coarsening

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2004年第6期11卷 517-523页

作者： WanhuaYU E.J.Palmiere S.P.banks JingtaoHan MaterialsScienceandEngineeringSchool UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingBeijing100083China DepartmentofEngineeringMaterials UniversityofSheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK DepartmentofAutomaticControlandSystemsEngineering UniversityofSheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK

A two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) model has been developed for thedescription of the normal grain coarsening process. The probabilistic CA method incorporatingMoore's definition of the neighbourhood is used to simulate the normal grain coarsening process witha new transition rule. The model simulates the grain coarsening process in as much detail that ispossible, from the point of initial nucleation to subsequent coarsening with computational *** unique result is that the grain coarsening speed can be controlled by the specific method, thisresult is vital to model the grain coarsening quantitatively. In order to make this model valid,experimental work has been done to provide solid evidence for this model. Comparison of themodelling result and the experimental result has been carried out.

关键词： computer simulation grain growth microstructure reheating

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Cellular automata modelling of grain coarsening during reheating——Ⅱ. Abnormal grain growth

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第1期12卷 26-32页

作者： WanhuaYu E.J.Palmiere S.P.banks JingtaoHan DepartmentofMaterialsEngineering UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingBeijing100083China DepartmentofEngineeringMaterials UniversityofSheffieldS13JDSheffieldUK DepartmentofAutomaticControlandSystemsEngineering UniversityofSheffieldS13JDSheffieldUK

The 2-dimensional cellular automata (CA) simulation technique has been utilized to investigate the abnormal grain coarsening. The growth of abnormal grains is modelled under this assumption that different grains have different boundary energies and boundary mobilities. As temperature increases, some grains may first get rid of the particle pinning effect. Thus a high probability is obtained for atoms to jump over the boundary, so that they can consume other primary retained grains quickly. From the simulation, the characteristics of the abnormal grain coarsening under different conditions are demonstrated successfully. An experiment has also been carried out to reflect the abnormal grain coarsening on the microalloy steel. Simulation results are quite close to the experimental evidence.

关键词： computer simulation grain growth microstructure reheating

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A Normal Mode Stability Analysis of Numerical Interface Conditions for Fluid/Structure Interaction

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第7期10卷 279-304页

作者： J.W.banks B.Sjogreen Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94551USA

In multi physics computations where a compressible fluid is coupled with a linearly elastic solid,it is standard to enforce continuity of the normal velocities and of the normal stresses at the interface between the fluid and the *** a numerical scheme,there are many ways that velocity-and stress-continuity can be enforced in the discrete *** paper performs a normal mode stability analysis of the linearized problem to investigate the stability of different numerical interface conditions for a model problem approximated by upwind type finite difference *** analysis shows that depending on the ratio of densities between the solid and the fluid,some numerical interface conditions are stable up to the maximal CFL-limit,while other numerical interface conditions suffer from a severe reduction of the stable *** paper also presents a new interface condition,obtained as a simplified characteristic boundary condition,that is proved to not suffer from any reduction of the stable *** experiments in one space dimension show that the new interface condition is stable also for computations with the non-linear Euler equations of compressible fluid flow coupled with a linearly elastic solid.

关键词： Finite difference method normal mode analysis fluid/structure interaction compressible fluid interface condition

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