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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 51-67页

作者： Natthiporn Aramrueang steven m. Zicari Ruihong Zhang Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California Davis CA USA Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Sugar beet leaves are the major crop waste from sugar beet production, while the unused leaves contain a high number of sugars and polysaccharides. The effects of different enzyme products (cellulase, Cellic CTec2;xylanase, Cellic HTec2;and pectinase, Pectinex Ultra SPl) were determined during high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves at 10% total solids (TS) content. Response surface methodology was used to study the effects of enzyme loadings during the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves for producing fermentable sugars. It was found that both cellulases and pectinases are important enzymes for the hydrolysis of sugar beet leaves. Enzyme loading and reaction time were important factors. Based on the amount of sugars released, a maximum sugar conversion of 82% was achieved after 72 h of hydrolysis using 30 filter paper unit (FPU) g-1 glucan for cellulase and 150 polygalacturonase unit (PGU) g-1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase, or 37 FPU g-1 glucan for cellulase and 100 PGU g-1 polygalacturonic acid for pectinase. The corresponding sugar yield and sugar concentration were 0.35 g·g-1 TS, and 35 g·l-1, respectively. Sugar conversion ranged from 59% - 70%, 68% - 80%, and 74% - 82% after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of hydrolysis depending on the design conditions.

关键词： Enzyme Hydrolysis Sugar Beet leaves Response Surface methodology Sugar Conversion

Rearing Performance of Juvenile Brown Trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) Subjected to Exercise and Dietary Bioprocessed Soybean meal

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2018年第3期8卷 303-328页

作者： Jill m. Voorhees michael E. Barnes steven R. Chipps michael l. Brown South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks McNenny State Fish Hatchery Spearfish USA Unites States Geological Survey South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Department of Natural Resource Management Brookings USA Department of Natural Resource management South Dakota State University Brookings USA

This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of brown trout Salmo trutta fed one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.8 or 16.1 cm/s. Fishmeal was the primary protein source for the reference diet, and bioprocessed soybean meal replaced approximately 67% of the fishmeal in the experimental diet. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion rates, or specific growth rates between the dietary treatments. There were also no significant differences in intestinal morphology, splenosomatic, hepatosomatic, and viscerosomatic indices related to diet composition. However, gain, percent gain, feed fed, and specific growth rate were all significantly greater in brown trout reared at the higher velocity. No significant differences in any of the other variables measured were observed between the velocity treatments. There were no significant interactions between diet and velocity in any of the variables. Based on the results of this study, bioprocessed soybean meal can replace at least 67% of the fishmeal in brown trout diets, regardless of the rearing velocities used in this study. However, higher rearing velocities are recommended to maximize juvenile brown trout growth rates.

关键词： Brown Trout Salmo trutta Bioprocessed Soybean meal Exercise Diet

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改善门诊抗生素使用利用数据的力量

英国医学杂志中文版 2019年第6期22卷 311-312页

作者： lauri A Hicks laura m King katherine E Fleming-Dutra 于东豪(译) 曹彬(校) Office of Antibiotic Stewardship Division of Healthcare Quality PromotionNational Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention1600 Clifton Road NEMailstop A-31 AtlantaGA 30329USA 首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院呼吸与危重症医学科中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科

据估算,门诊处方占据了85%~95%的抗生素使用,而在门诊背景下,抗生素常常被滥用或误用1-3.人们越来越多的意识到优化门诊环境下的抗生素使用是提高患者安全的潜在机会4。THE BmJ的两项研究描述了如何利用门诊抗生素处方数据的力量来提高... 详细信息

据估算,门诊处方占据了85%~95%的抗生素使用,而在门诊背景下,抗生素常常被滥用或误用1-3.人们越来越多的意识到优化门诊环境下的抗生素使用是提高患者安全的潜在机会4。THE BmJ的两项研究描述了如何利用门诊抗生素处方数据的力量来提高管理质量5-6.数据对于确定改进的机会以采取通报行动,追溯和上报抗生素的使用,并评估干预措施的影响十分重要4。

关键词：门诊处方抗生素力量数管理质量 BmJ

A Study of Fluid Interfaces and moving Contact lines Using the lattice Boltzmann method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第3期13卷 725-740页

作者： S.Srivastava P.Perlekar l.Biferale m.Sbragaglia J.H.m.ten Thije Boonkkamp F.Toschi Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Department of mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Department of Physics and INFN University of Rome Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica 100133 RomeItaly

We study the static and dynamical behavior of the contact line between two fluids and a solid plate by means of the lattice Boltzmann method(lBm).The different fluid phases and their contact with the plate are simulated by means of standard Shan-Chen *** investigate different regimes and compare the multicomponent *** multiphase lBm models near the contact line.A static interface profile is attained with the multiphase model just by balancing the hydrostatic pressure(due to gravity)with a pressure jump at the *** order to study the same problem with the multicomponent case we propose and validate an idea of a body force acting only on one of the two fluid *** order to reproduce results matching an infinite bath,boundary conditions at the bath side play a key *** quantitatively compare open and wall boundary conditions and study their influence on the shape of the meniscus against static and lubrication theory solution.

关键词： lattice-Boltzmann multiphase flow multicomponent flow plunging plate problem landau-levich

Sieving characteristics of cytokine-and peroxide-induced epithelial barrier leak:Inhibition by berberine

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第2期7卷 223-234页

作者： katherine m DiGuilio Christina m mercogliano Jillian Born Brendan Ferraro Julie To Brittany mixson Allison Smith mary Carmen Valenzano James m mullin lankenau Institute for medical Research Lankenau Medical Center Departments of Biology and Biomedical Engineering Drexel University

AIm: To study whether the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) colon which exhibits varying severity and cytokine levels across its mucosa create varying types of transepithelial leak. mETHODS: We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1-β (Il1β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) - singly and in combinations - on barrier function of CACO-2 cell layers. Our focus was on the type (not simply the magnitude) of transepithelial leak generated by these agents as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and transepithelial flux of 14C-D-mannitol, 3H-lactulose and 14C-Polyethylene glycol as radiolabeled probe molecules. The isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine, was then examined for its ability to reduce specific types of transepithelial leak. RESUlTS: Exposure to TNF-α alone (200 ng/ml; 48 h) induced a 50% decrease in TER, i.e., increased leak of Na+ and Cl- - with only a marginal but statistically significant increase in transepithelial leak of 14C-mannitol (Jm). Exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ (200 ng/ml; 48 h) + Il1β (50 ng/ml; 48 h) did not increase the TER change (from TNF-α alone), but there was now a 100% increase in Jm. There however was no increase in transepithelial leak of two larger probe molecules, 3H-lactulose and 14C-polyethylene glycol (PEG). However, exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ + Il1β followed by a 5 h exposure to 2 mmol/l H2O2 resulted in a 500% increase in 14C-PEG leak as well as leak to the luminal mitogen, epidermal growth factor. CONClUSION: This model of graded transepithelial leak is useful in evaluating therapeutic agents reducing IBD morbidity by reducing barrier leak to various luminal substances.

关键词： Intestine Crohn’s disease Tight junction Ulcerative colitis CACO-2 Berberine micronutrient Cytokine

Validation of a pediatric bedside tool to predict time to death after withdrawal of life support

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第1期5卷 89-94页

作者： Ashima Das Ingrid m Anderson David G Speicher Richard H Speicher steven l Shein Alexandre T Rotta Division of Pediatric Critical Care medicine Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital Case Western Reserve University School of medicine

AIm: To evaluate the accuracy of a tool developed to predict timing of death following withdrawal of life support in children. mETHODS: Pertinent variables for all pediatric deaths(age ≤ 21 years) from 1/2009 to 6/2014 in our pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) were extracted through a detailed review of the medical records. As originally described, a recently developed tool that predicts timing of death in children following withdrawal of life support(dallas predictor tool [DPT]) was used to calculate individual scores for each patient. Individual scores were calculated for prediction of death within 30 min(DPT30) and within 60 min(DPT60). For various resulting DPT30 and DPT60 scores, sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were ***: There were 8829 PICU admissions resulting in 132(1.5%) deaths. Death followed withdrawal of life support in 70 patients(53%). After excluding subjects with insufficient data to calculate DPT scores, 62 subjects were analyzed. Average age of patients was 5.3 years(SD: 6.9), median time to death after withdrawal oflife support was 25 min(range; 7 min to 16 h 54 min). Respiratory failure, shock and sepsis were the most common diagnoses. Thirty-seven patients(59.6%) died within 30 min of withdrawal of life support and 52(83.8%) died within 60 min. DPT30 scores ranged from-17 to 16. A DPT30 score ≥-3 was most predictive of death within that time period, with sensitivity = 0.76, specificity = 0.52, AUC = 0.69 and an overall classification accuracy = 66.1%. DPT60 scores ranged from-21 to 28. A DPT60 score ≥-9 was most predictive of death within that time period, with sensitivity = 0.75, specificity = 0.80, AUC = 0.85 and an overall classification accuracy = 75.8%.CONClUSION: In this external cohort, the DPT is clinically relevant in predicting time from withdrawal of life support to death. In our patients, the DPT is more useful in predicting death within 60 min of withdrawal of life

关键词： Death Organ donation Children Donation after circulatory death

STING negatively regulates allogeneic T-cell responses by constraining antigen-presenting cell function

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 632-643页

作者： Hee-Jin ChoiTaylor Ticer Yongxia Wu Chih-Hang Anthony Tang Corey mealer David Bastian m.Hanief Sofi linlu Tian steven Schutt Hee-Jin Choi Taylor Ticer mengmeng Zhang Xiaohui Sui lei Huang Andrew l.mellor Chih-Chi Andrew Hu Xue-Zhong Yu microbiology&Immunology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Immunology Microenvironment&Metastasis ProgramThe Wistar InstitutePhiladelphiaPAUSA Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Stimulator of interferon genes(STING)-mediated innate immune activation plays a key role in tumor-and self-DNA-elicited antitumor immunity and ***,STING can also suppress tumor immunity and *** signaling In host nonhematopoietic cells was reported to either protect against or promote graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation(allo-HCT).Host hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells(APCs)play key roles in donor T-cell priming during GVHD ***,how STING regulates host hematopoietic APCs after allo-HCT remains *** utilized murine models of allo-HCT to assess the role of STING in hematopoietic ***-deficient recipients developed more severe GVHD after major histocompatibility complex-mismatched *** bone marrow chimeras,we found that STING deficiency in host hematopoietic cells was primarily responsible for exacerbating the ***,STING on host CD11c+cells played a dominant role in suppressing allogeneic T-cell ***,STING deficiency resulted in increased survival,activation,and function of APCs,including macrophages and dendritic ***,constitutive activation of STING attenuated the survival,activation,and function of APCs isolated from STING V154m knock-in ***-deficient APCs augmented donor T-cell expansion,chemokine receptor expression,and migration into intestinal tissues,resulting in accelerated/exacerbated *** pharmacologic approaches,we demonstrated that systemic administration of a STING agonist(bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate)to recipient mice before transplantation significantly reduced GVHD *** conclusion,we revealed a novel role of STING in APC activity that dictates T-cell allogeneic responses and validated STING as a potential therapeutic target for controlling GVHD after allo-HCT.

关键词： Stimulator of interferon genes antigen-presenting cells allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation graft-versushost diseases hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation T cells

Effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured nanoceria:Soot-ceria contact and interfacial oxygen evolution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 293-303页

作者： Peng liu Xiaoliang liang Yanliu Dang Junkai He Alireza Shirazi-Amin laura A.Achola Shanka Dissanayake Hanlin Chen mingli Fu Daiqi Ye steven l.Suib School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China CAS Key laboratory of mineralogy and metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of mineral Physics and materials Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Institute of materials Science University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut 06269USA Department of Chemistry University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut 06269USA Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ceria is widely used as a catalyst for soot combustion,but effects of Zr substitution on the reaction mechanism is *** present work elucidates effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured *** nanostructured CeO_(2),Ce_(0.92)Zr_(0.08)O_(2),and Ce_(0.84)Zr_(0.16)O_(2)composed of 5-6 nm crystallites display T_(m-CO2)(the temperature at maximum CO_2 yield)at 383,355,and 375℃under 10 vol.%O_(2)/N_(2),*** size of agglomerate decreases from 165.5 to 51.9-57.3 nm,which is beneficial for the sootceria ***,Zr increases the amount of surface oxygen vacancies,generating more active oxygen(O_(2)^-and O^(-))for soot ***,the activities of Ce_(0.92)Zr_(0.08)O_(2)and Ce_(0.84)Zr_(0.16)O_(2)in soot combustion are better than that of CeO_(2).Although oxygen vacancies promote the migration of lattice O~(2-),the enriched surface Zr also inhibits the mobility of lattice O^(2-).Therefore,the T_(m-CO2)of Ce_(0.84)Zr_(0.1)6 O_(2)is higher than that of Ce_(0.92)Zr_(0.08)O_(2).Based on reaction kinetic study,soot in direct contact with ceria preferentially decomposes with low activation energy,while the oxidation of isolated soot occurs through diffusion with high activation *** obtained findings provide new understanding on the soot combustion over nanoceria.

关键词： Nanoceria Soot combustion Zr substitution Oxygen mobility Reaction kinetic

Organizational Behavior steven l. mcShane 3rd ed.; international ed.

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A meta-analysis of 1-year outcomes of transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis

2005年

作者： steven l. mcShane

Subtitle on cover: Emerging realities for the workplace revolution.

ISBN: (数字)0072931477

ISBN: (纸本)0072931477

Subtitle on cover: Emerging realities for the workplace revolution.

关键词： Organizational behavior.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第1期17卷 43-50,I0008-I0010页

作者： Aaqib H malik Syed Zaid Hasan Ahmad Joshua Goldberg Tanya Dutta Cenap Undemir martin Cohen Wilbert S Aronow steven l lansman Department of medicine Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA Department of Cardiology Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryWestchester Medical CenterValhallaNew YorkUSA

Background Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)for the treatment symptomatic severe aortic stenosis(AS)is indicated in patients with intermediate or higher surgical *** trials showed TAVR,and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR)perform similarly at 1-year for the composite outcomes of mortality,stroke and *** performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to compare individual outcomes at 1-year for TAVR compared to SAVR in low-risk *** Pub med,Embase,and Cochrane central were searched for all the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that reported 1-year comparative outcomes of TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR).Our conclusions are based upon the random-effects model using Der Simonian-laird *** Data from 4 trials and 2887 randomized patients showed that TAVR had lower rates of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,and atrial fibrillation compared to SAVR at 1-year follow-up(Pll).Also,TAVR was also associated with a significantly higher risk of permanent pacemaker implantation and moderate-severe paravalvular leak(Plusions The latest randomised trial data demonstrates that in short-term,TAVR is safe and effective in reducing all-cause mortality or *** follow-up of RCTs is needed to determine the durability of clinical benefits in TAVR over SAVR in low-risk patients.

关键词： Aortic stenosis low surgical risk meta-analysis Transcatheter aortic valve replacement