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Vitamin A administration at birth promotes calf growth and intramuscular fat development in Angus beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 991-999页

作者： Corrine L.Harris Bo Wang Jeneane m.Deavila Jan R.Busboom martin maquivar steven m.Parish Brent mcCann mark L.Nelson min Du Department of Animal Sciences Washington State University State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University College of Veterinary medicine Washington State University

Background: marbling, or intramuscular fat, is an important factor contributing to the palatability of beef. Vitamin A, through its active metabolite, retinoic acid, promotes the formation of new fat cells(adipogenesis). As intramuscular adipogenesis is active during the neonatal stage, we hypothesized that vitamin A administration during the neonatal stage would enhance intramuscular adipogenesis and ***: Angus steer calves(n = 30), in a completely randomized design, were randomly allotted to three treatment groups at birth, receiving 0, 150,000, or 300,000 IU of vitamin A at both birth and one month of age.A biopsy of the biceps femoris muscle was collected at two months of age. After weaning at 210 d of age, steers were fed a backgrounding diet in a feedlot until 308 d of age, when they were transitioned to a high concentrate finishing diet and implanted with trenbolone/estradiol/tylosin mixture. Steers were harvested at an average of 438 d of age. All diets were formulated to meet nutrient ***: Weaning weight and weight during the backgrounding phase were linearly increased(P min A level, though no difference in body weight was observed at harvest. Intramuscular fat of steers at 308 d of age, measured by ultrasound, quadratically increased(P min A level from 4.0±0.26 % to 4.9±0.26 %.Similarly, carcass marbling score in the ribeye quadratically increased(P ministration of vitamin A at birth increased weaning weight and enhanced marbling fat ***, vitamin A administration provides a practical method for increasing marbling and early growth of beef cattle.

关键词： Beef Calf Cattle marbling fat Quality Vitamin A

Clues to predict incidental gallbladder cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第2期17卷 149-154页

作者： Naeem Goussous Hadia maqsood Kalpesh Patel Hamid Ferdosi Naseem muhammad Anne m.Sill Gopal C.Kowdley steven C.Cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes Hospital

Background: Consequences of incidental gallbladder cancer(iGBC) following cholecystectomy may include repeat operation(depending on T stage) and worse survival(if bile spillage occurred), both avoidable if iGBC were suspected ***: A retrospective single-institution review was done. Ultrasound images for cases and controls were blindly reviewed by a radiologist. Chi-square and Student’s t tests, as well as logistic regression and Kaplan–meier analyses were used. A P ≤ 0.01 was considered ***: Among 5796 cholecystectomies performed 2000–2013, 26(0.45%) were iGBC cases. These patients were older(75.61 versus 52.27 years), had more laparoscopic-to-open conversions(23.1% versus3.9%), underwent more imaging tests, had larger common bile duct diameter(7.13 versus 5.04 mm) and higher alkaline phosphatase. Ultrasound imaging showed that gallbladder wall thickening(GBWT) without pericholecystic fluid(PCCF), but not focal-versus-diffuse GBWT, was associated significantly with iGBC(73.9% versus 47.4%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, GBWT without PCCF, and age were the strongest predictors of iGBC. The consequences iGBC depended significantly on intraoperative bile spillage, with nearly all such patients developing carcinomatosis and significantly worse ***: Besides age, GBWT, dilated common bile duct, and elevated alkaline phosphatase, number of preoperative imaging modalities and the presence of GBWT without PCCF are useful predictors of *** spillage causes poor survival in patients with iGBC.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer Incidental findings Cholecystectomy Bile spillage Carcinomatosis

Response of microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 to different nutrient ratios and changes in phosphorus chemistry

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1040-1052页

作者： PENG Guotao steven W.WILHELm LIN Sijie WANG Xlangrong College of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseTongj UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of microbiology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37920USA

Cyanobacterial blooms are a global problem, with their occurrence tightly tied to nutrient loading. We cultured microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 in growth medium with either inorganic(orthophosphate) or organic(β-glycerophosphate or polyphosphate) phosphorus and at different N:P ratios with 50:1, 30:1, 16:1, 4:1 and 1:4, serving as the phosphorus source. Fluorescence parameters were measured to determine the response of cellular responses to nutrient stress. Scanning electron microscopy(SEm) and estimates of antioxidant activity were employed to examine potential mechanisms of physical change. The results demonstrate that inorganic phosphorus was more bioavailable to m. aeruginosa relative to organic phosphorus in culture. The highest cell concentration(2.21×10~6 cells/mL), chlorophyll-a(0.39 pg/cell) and phycocyanin(1.57 pg/cell) quotas and high levels of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters( rETR, E_k, α, φ_(PSⅡ) and F_v/F_m) were obtained when phosphorus was supplied as K_2 HPO_4 at a N:P ratio of 16–30. Organic sources of phosphorus(β-glycerophosphate and polyphosphate) were bioavailable to m. aeruginosa. In addition, too concentrated orthophosphate(N:P=1:4) resulted in the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of cell membrane(identified by the antioxidant system activity), and the photosynthetic activity declined consequently. This study has demonstrated the effects of different phosphorus chemistries and N:P ratios on the cyanobacterial growth, photosynthetic activity and cell physiology, which could be an effective tool for predicting cyanobacterial dominance or N-deficiency in natural lakes(due to the superior ability of cyanobacteria for dissolved N and fix atmospheric N in some cases).

关键词： antioxidant system chlorophyll fluorescence parameters microcystis nutrient stress photosynthesis

Esophageal cancer:diagnosis and management

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2010年第10期29卷 843-854页

作者： steven H.Lin Joe Y.Chang Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center

Esophageal cancer is the 7th leading cause of cancer deaths *** squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent histology internationally,adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus accounts for nearly 50% of cases in developed countries due to the differences in the etiologic factors such as gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and obesity that *** surgery is the mainstay of treatment of this disease,the utilization of chemoradiation,eitherused postoperatively or neoadjuvantly,has become a standard practice in the United *** is the optimal management approach is still an area of contention,however,and may be different in different regions around the *** article reviews some of these controversies,including the role for surgery in patients treated with definitive *** the end,we will also outline recommendations regarding radiotherapy procedures and techniques.

关键词：食管癌管理诊断放射治疗鳞状细胞癌发达国家组织学利用率

Zinc-assisted synthesis of imidazolium-tetrazolate bi-heterocyclic zwitterions with variable alkyl bridge length

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1620-1626页

作者： DRAB David m. SHAmSHINA Julia L. SmIGLAK marcin COJOCARU O. Andreea KELLEY steven P. ROGERS Robin D. Center for Green manufacturing and Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

Zinc halide-complexed alkyl-bridged bi-heterocycles were obtained as zwitterions from the Click reaction of a series of N-cyanoalkyl-N-alkylimidazolium halide ionic liquids with sodium azide. Reaction optimization sho... 详细信息

关键词： Click chemistry ionic liquids heterocycle coordination chemistry

Interpreting atomization of agricultural spray image patterns using latent Dirichlet allocation techniques

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2020年第1期4卷 253-261页

作者： Hongfei Li steven Cryer John Raymond Lipi Acharya Department of Statistics University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignILUSA Data Science Corteva AgriscienceIndianapolisINUSA

Breakup patterns of agricultural formulations are explored using unsupervised learning techniques to elucidate themechanics of atomization for oil-in-water *** researchers have shown these formulations succumb to a different breakup mechanism than conventional formulations,beginning with inhomogeneities within the liquid sheet that nucleate holes within the material being sprayed,beginning themechanism responsible for breaking the sheet into *** Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA),a Bayesian hierarchical model,is used to explore unsupervised learning relationships between image analysis metrics on spray video data and the resulting atomization droplet *** factors discovered by LDA were used for classification of video segments and achieved 99.9%accuracy(3-fold cross validation).Seventy-five videos were used for regression where each video had a unique measured droplet size distribution(D10,D50,and D90 values)for *** using the features learnt by Latent Dirichlet Allocation used with regression have extremely good results(R^2~0.995 in 3-fold cross validation,R^2~0.963 on never-seen videos),which serves as evidence for the potential use of this model in image analysis of agricultural spray *** has huge potential in both learning and predicting atomization patterns[e.g.,driftable fines(dropsm)]when used with images based on the breakup phenomena in agricultural *** small drop sizes that occur during atomization have the greatest propensity for off-target movement through wind induced *** proved useful in characterizing current and future formulation designs using only images as witnessed by observations and excellent predictions summarized in this *** fact,thesemethods offer potential for use under field conditions to address spray performance based upon images of spray patterns at the nozzle without the need for expensive light scattering equipment often used to measure this phenomenon

关键词： atomization formulation image

Nanoparticle Treatments Based on Zinc Oxide and moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts Alleviate Salinity Stress in Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2022年第1期11卷 42-65页

作者： Sherif m. Ragab Losenge Turoop steven Runo steven Nyanjom Department of molecular Biology and Biotechnology Pan African University Institute of Science Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Agriculture Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Horticulture and Food Security Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Biotechnology Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Department of Biochemistry Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Salinity stress limits crop growth and productivity, including legumes in various regions worldwide. The impact of foliar-applied zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) and combined zinc nano-loaded with moringa extracts (ZnONPs) on salt tolerance in faba beans (cultivar, Giza-716) grown under saline soil (50 and 100 mm NaCl) was investigated. moringa oleifera extract has been used as a chelating agent to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles. The crystalline structure, morphology, and chemical composition of ZnO nanoparticles were studied using various characterization techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEm), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). morphological, chemical, and biochemical parameters of plants at 60 and 90 days after sowing were assessed. Salinity stress caused a remarkable reduction in growth traits, photosynthetic pigments and proline levels of the faba bean. Foliar spray with ZnNPs and ZnONPs on faba bean grown under saline soils promoted plant growth parameters (i.e., shoot length, numbers of leaves, relative water content, shoot and roots fresh and dry weights), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids), proline and mineral elements (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Zn2+) compared to control. However, at 100 mm NaCl, there were no significant variations in the mentioned parameters. This study suggested that there is potential for foliar spraying with ZnNPs and ZnONPs in improving growth parameters, photosynthesis efficiency and biochemical aspects of faba bean plants under saline conditions.

关键词： Faba Bean Green Synthesis ZnO Nanoparticles Salinity Stress Proline

Viscoelastic relaxation of the upper mantle and afterslip following the 2014 m_(W)8.1 Iquique earthquake

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Earthquake Research Advances 2021年第1期1卷 34-40页

作者： Zhiping Hu Yan Hu Segun steven Bodunde mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230000China

An improved understanding of postseismic crustal deformation following large subduction earthquakes may help to better understand the rheological properties of upper mantle and the slip behavior of subduction *** we construct a three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model to study the postseismic deformation of the 2014 m_(W)8.1 Iquique,Chile *** units in the model include the subducting slab,continental and oceanic *** units include the mantle wedge,the oceanic asthenosphere and upper *** use a 2 km thick weak shear zone attached to the subduction fault to simulate the time-dependent stress-driven *** viscoelastic relaxation in the rheological units is represented by the Burgers *** carry out grid-searches on the shear zone viscosity,thickness and viscosity of the asthenosphere,and they are determined to be 10^(17)Pa s,110 km and 2×10^(18)Pa s,*** stress-driven afterlsip within the first two years is up to~47 cm and becomes negligible after two years(no more than 5 cm/yr).Our results suggest that a thin,low-viscosity oceanic asthenosphere together with a weak shear zone attached to the fault are required to better reproduce the observed postseismic deformation.

关键词： 2014 m_(W)8.1 Iquique earthquake Postseismic viscoelastic relaxation Afterslip Finite element model Lithosphere geodynamics Upper mantle rheology

Reducing unnecessary crossmatching for hip fracture patients by accounting for preoperative hemoglobin concentration

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第5期12卷 292-300页

作者： Raj m Amin Varun Puvanesarajah Yash P Chaudhry matthew J Best Sandesh S Rao steven m Frank Erik A Hasenboehler Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Philadelphia College of Osteopathic MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19122United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMD 02114United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Department of Orthopaedics Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States

BACKGROUND maximum surgical blood order schedules were designed to eliminate unnecessary preoperative crossmatching prior to surgery in order to conserve blood bank *** protocols recommend type and cross of 2 red blood cell(RBC)units for patients undergoing surgery for treatment of hip *** hemoglobin has been identified as the strongest predictor of inpatient transfusion,but current maximum surgical blood order schedules do not consider preoperative hemoglobin values to determine the number of RBC units to prepare prior to *** To determine the preoperative hemoglobin level resulting in the optimal 2:1 crossmatch-to-transfusion(C:T)ratio in hip fracture surgery *** In 2015 a patient blood management(PBm)program was implemented at our institution mandating a single unit-per-occurrence transfusion policy and a restrictive transfusion threshold ofmoglobin in asymptomatic patients andmptomatic anemia or history of coronary artery *** identified all hip fracture patients between 2013 and 2017 and compared the preoperative hemoglobin which would predict a 2:1 C:T ratio in the pre PBm and post PBm *** profiling and sensitivity analysis were performed with statistical significance set at Pm *** requirements in the post PBm cohort were lower(51%vs 33%,Pm *** mean RBC units transfused per patient was 1.15 in the pre PBm cohort,compared to 0.66 in the post PBm cohort(Pmoglobin of 12.3 g/dL[area under the curve(AUC)0.78(95%confidence interval(CI),0.72-0.83),Sensitivity 0.66]in the pre PBm cohort and 10.7 g/dL[AUC 0.78(95%CI,0.73-0.83),Sensitivity 0.88]in the post PBm cohort.A

关键词： Hip fracture Transfusion Blood conservation Hemoglobin Type and cross maximum surgical blood order schedule