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Clathrin light chains negatively regulate plant immunity by hijacking the autophagy pathway

Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 172-188页

作者： Hu-Jiao lan Jie Ran Wen-Xu Wang lei Zhang Ni-Ni Wu Ya-Ting Zhao Min-Jun Huang Min Ni Fen liu Ninghui Cheng Paul A.Nakata Jianwei Pan steven A.Whitham Barbara J.Baker Jian-Zhong liu Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Plant Gene Expression Center U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceAlbanyCA 94706USA lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332000China U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research CenterDepartment of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

The crosstalk between clathrin-mediated endocytosis(CME)and the autophagy pathway has been reported in mammals;however,the interconnection of CME with autophagy has not been established in ***,we report that the Arabidopsis ClATHRIN lIGHT CHAIN(ClC)subunit 2 and 3 double mutant,clc2-1 clc3-1,phenocopies Arabidopsis AUTOPHAGY-RElATED GENE(ATG)mutants in both autoimmunity and nutrient ***,the autophagy pathway is significantly compromised in the clc2-1 clc3-1 ***,multiple assays demonstrate that ClC2 directly interacts with ATG8h/ATG8i in a domain-specific *** expected,both GFP-ATG8h/GFP-ATG8i and ClC2-GFP are subjected to autophagic degradation,and degradation of GFP-ATG8h is significantly reduced in the clc2-1 clc3-1 ***,simultaneous knockout of ATG8h and ATG8i by CRISPR-Cas9 results in enhanced resistance against Golovinomyces cichoracearum,supporting the functional relevance of the ClC2-ATG8h/8i *** conclusion,our results reveal a link between the function of ClCs and the autophagy pathway in Arabidopsis.

关键词： autophagy clathrin light chain immunity clathrin-mediated endocytosis senescence cell death

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Platelet-rich plasma for de Quervain’s tenosynovitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 858-869页

作者： Nucki Nursjamsi Hidajat Raden Moechammad Satrio Nugroho Magetsari Gregorius steven Jethro Budiman Gregorius Thomas Prasetiyo Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Padjadjaran UniversityBandung 45363Jawa BaratIndonesia General Practitioner Panti Wilasa Citarum HospitalSemarang 50121Indonesia

BACKGROUND Platelet-rich plasma(PRP)injection is used as an alternative non-operative management for de Quervain’s tenosynovitis(DQT)to regenerate tendon *** To assess and conclude the research-based study systematically to analyse the efficacy of PRP on *** This systematic review used the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and the guideline of preferred reporting items for systematic review and metaanalysis.A systematic literature search was applied to 11 *** authors assessed the study quality and risk of bias of each included *** of the meta-analysis were presented using mean difference(MD)/standardized mean difference(SMD)and 95%condence interval(CI).RESUlTS The authors evaluated 275 studies found in the literature search;12 studies met the criteria for this review,and then the study quality and risk of bias were *** analysis of data from two studies involving 194 subjects with DQT showed that,compared with conservative treatment,PRP injection was associated with a greater reduction in visual analog scale pain in one month and six months after treatment(MD:-0.67,P valueluelueluelUSION PRP can be used as an alternative non-operative treatment for DQT due to the tissue regenerative effect of PRP.

关键词： De Quervain’S disease De Quervain’S tenosynovitis Platelet-rich plasma Stenosing tenosynovitis

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅷ:clinical approaches

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 70-78页

作者： William B Ventres leslie A Stone lauren E Gibson-Oliver Elizabeth Kyle Meehan Mari A Ricker David loxterkamp Stacy A Ogbeide Frank V deGruy Megan R Mahoney steven lin Clare MacRae Stewart W Mercer Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family and Community Medicine The University of Arizona College of Medicine-TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA Bucksport Regional Health Center BucksportMaineUSA Family and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA Eugene S.Farley Jr.Health Policy CenterUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Family and Community Medicine University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Division of Primary Care and Population Health Stanford MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA Usher Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅷ:clinical approaches’,authors address the following themes:‘Evaluation,diagnosis and managementⅠ—toward a working diagnosis’,‘Evaluation,diagnosis and managementⅡ—process steps’,‘Interweaving integrative medicine and family medicine’,‘Halfway—the art of clinical judgment’,‘Seamless integration in family medicine—team-based care’,‘Technology—uncovering stories from noise’and‘Caring for patients with multiple long-term conditions’.May readers recognise in these essays the uniqueness of a family medicine approach to care.

关键词： uniqueness dimensions illustration

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Biomimetic Composite Structural T-joints

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 377-384页

作者： Vimal Kumar Thummalapalli steven l. Donaldson University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0243 USA

Biological structural fixed joints exhibit unique attributes, including highly optimized fiber paths which minimize stress concentrations. In addition, since the joints consist of continuous, uncut fiber architectures, the joints enable the organism to transport information and chemicals from one part of the body to the other. To the contrary, sections of man-made composite material structures are often joined using bolted or bonded joints, which involve low strength and high stress concentrations. These methods are also expensive to achieve. Additional functions such as fluid transport, electrical signal delivery, and thermal conductivity across the joints typically require parasitic tubes, wires, and attachment clips. By using the biomimetic methods, we seek to overcome the limitations which are present in the conventional methods. In the present work, biomimetic co-cured composite sandwich T-joints were constructed using unidirectional glass fiber, epoxy resin, and structural foam. The joints were fabricated using the wet lay-up vacuum bag resin infusion method. Foam sandwich T-joints with multiple continuous fiber architectures and sandwich foam thickness were prepared. The designs were tested in quasi-static bending using a mechanical load frame. The significant weight savings using the biomimetic approaches is discussed, as well as a comparison of failure modes versus architecture is described.

关键词： composites T-joints biomimetic fiberglass epoxy sandwich foam

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Assessing the reproductive health of men with occupational exposures

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 23-30页

作者： steven M Schrader Katherine l Marlow Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Applied Research and Technology Cincinnati OH USA.

The earliest report linking environmental （occupational） exposure to adverse human male reproductive effects dates back to1775 when an English physician, Percival Pott, reported a high incidence of scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps. This observation led to safety regulations in the form of bathing requirements for these workers. The fact that male-mediated reproductive harm in humans may be a result of toxicant exposures did not become firmly established until relatively recently, when lancranjan studied lead-exposed workers in Romania in 1975, and later in 1977, when Whorton examined the effects of dibromochloropropane （DBCP） on male workers in California. Since these discoveries, several additional human reproductive toxicants have been identified through the convergence of laboratory and observational findings. Many research gaps remain, as the pool of potential human exposures with undetermined effects on male reproduction is vast. This review provides an overview of methods used to study the effects of exposures on male reproduction and their reproductive health, with a primary emphasis on the implementation and interpretation of human studies. Emphasis will be on occupational exposures, although much of the information is also useful in assessing environmental studies, occupational exposures are usually much higher and better defined.

关键词： accessory glands endocrine epidemiology semen sexual function sperm testis toxicology

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Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging(SOMMA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri l.Blackwell Peggy M.Cawthon Paul M.Coen steven R.Cummings Giovanna Distefano Samaneh Farsijani Daniel E.Forman Bret H.Goodpaster Stephen B.Kritchevsky Theresa Mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne B.Newman Nancy W.Glynn Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA Department of Medicine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Background:Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age,and physical activity(PA)has been shown to offset these declines in older ***,many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise ***,we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior(SB)with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle ***:As part of the Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±SD;58%women)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeabilized myofibers(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo by ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior,light activity,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 ***-reported sedentary behavior,MVPA,and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors(CHAMPS)*** regression models with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics,as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by MVP A and sedentary *** a sensitivity analysis,we also examined activPAl-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle ***:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(plight activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).Meanwhile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s×mg lower maxOXPHOS and0.

关键词： Aging Exercise Mitochondria

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欧洲银行离开俄罗斯有点难

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第8期 20-22页

作者： steven Arons Nicholas Comfort 永年(译) 不详

●欧洲的银行迟迟不离开这个国家,欧洲央行开始不耐烦了在乌克兰危机两年后,欧洲各大银行继续在俄罗斯运营着规模庞大、利润越来越高的业务,尽管它们公开承诺要逐步减少这些业务。自乌克兰危机以来,在俄罗斯业务规模最大的五家欧盟银行... 详细信息

●欧洲的银行迟迟不离开这个国家,欧洲央行开始不耐烦了在乌克兰危机两年后,欧洲各大银行继续在俄罗斯运营着规模庞大、利润越来越高的业务,尽管它们公开承诺要逐步减少这些业务。自乌克兰危机以来,在俄罗斯业务规模最大的五家欧盟银行的总人数仅下降了3%,而收益却增长了大约两倍,这要归功于他们滞留在俄罗斯的大量现金所获得的丰厚利率。

关键词：欧洲央行乌克兰危机俄罗斯公开承诺银行

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Bubbly shock propagation as a mechanism of shedding in separated cavitating flows

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第6期29卷 907-916页

作者： Harish Ganesh Simo A.Makiharju steven l.Ceccio University of Michigan Ann ArborUSA University of California BerkeleyUSA

Stable attached partial cavitation in separated flows can transition to cloud shedding, and the mechanism of transition has been attributed to the presence of a re-entrant liquid jet. Our findings have revealed the presence of propagating bubbly shock waves as an alternative dominant mechanism of shedding when the compressibility of the bubbly mixture is appreciable. In the present paper, we discuss dynamics associated with these bubbly shock waves, interaction of shock waves with obstacles in their path, and means to manipulate their properties to control the shedding process by non-condensable gas injection.

关键词： Partial cavitation bubbly shock waves cloud cavitation X-ray densitometry

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Osteoclasts:New Insights

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Bone Research 2013年第1期1卷 11-26页

作者： Xu Feng steven l.Teitelbaum Department of Pathology The University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabama 35294USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouri 63110USA

Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, play a pivotal role in skeletal development and adult bone remodeling. They also participate in the pathogenesis of various bone disorders. Osteoclasts differentiate from cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation of two essential factors, the monocyte/ macrophage colony stimulating factor （M-CSF） and receptor activation of NF-κB ligand （RANKl）. M-CSF binds to its receptor c-Fms to activate distinct signaling pathways to stimulate the proliferation and survival of osteoclast precursors and the mature cell. RANKl, however, is the primary osteoclast differentiation factor, and promotes osteoclast differentiation mainly through controlling gene expression by activating its receptor, RANK. Osteoclast function depends on polarization of the cell, induced by integrin avβ3, to form the resorptive machinery characterized by the attachment to the bone matrix and the formation of the bone-apposed ruffled border. Recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanism of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. In particular, c-Fms and RANK signaling have been shown to regulate bone resorption by cross-talking with those activated by integrin avβ3. This review discusses new advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation and function.

关键词： osteoclast bone remodeling M-CSF RANKl integrin avβ3

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Effect of forest disturbance on myxomycete assemblages in the southwestern Peruvian Amazon

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第2期59卷 45-53页

作者： Carlos Rojas steven l.Stephenson Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería and Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa RicaSan Pedro de Montes de Oca 11501-2060Costa Rica Department of Biological Sciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701-1201USA

Although the effects of microenvironmental factors on distribution patterns in myxomycetes have been investigated,studies of the responses of this group of organisms to different regimes of forest disturbance are relatively few in *** an effort to understand the implications of forest fragmentation and habitat loss on myxomycetes,the project described herein was carried out at the los Amigos Biological Station in southeastern *** structure and composition of assemblages of myxomycetes were investigated in relation to three different forest types and climatic periods in the area of *** analysis of the most commonly recorded substrates was carried out as *** results suggested that habitat loss,through differences in forest structure,was the factor determining most of the differences in fruiting body abundance of myxomycetes among forest *** addition,a switch in the ecological strategy of dispersal seemed to be an important factor accounting for differences in the fruiting body abundance and structure of assemblages of myxomycetes between collecting *** study provides evidence indicating that for microbial assemblages to maintain the balance of functional interactions within a particular forest ecosystem,the conservation of the forests themselves should be considered.

关键词： Biogeography Microbial ecology Mycetozoans Myxogastrids Restoration ecology

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