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j.urnal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第5期14卷 888-899页

作者： YU Chao CHEN Hua-min TIAN Fang BI Yong-mei Rothstein j.steven Leach E j.n HE Chen-yang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology College of Biological ScienceUniversity of Guelph Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University

Bacterial blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae ***（Xoo） is one of high nitrogen（N） responsive *** plants became more disease resistant with decreasing N suggesting that the crosstalk between disease resistance and N utilization pathways might ***,the co-regulatory components in such crosstalk have not been ***,we comparatively analyzed the gene expression profiling of rice under Xoo inoculation,low N treatment,or a combination of both stresses,and identified the differentially-expressed genes（DEGs） in overlapping *** DEGs were involved in different biological processes,including innate immunity and nitrogen *** randomly-selected DEGs expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR *** expression of six genes from different functional categories suggested that N condition was the dominant factor when both stresses were *** DEGs identified provide novel insights into the coordinated regulatory mechanism in biotic and abiotic stress responses in rice.

关键词： Xanthomonas differentially overlapping abiotic blight responsive crosstalk pathogen encoding validated

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Loss of Hox5 function results in myofibroblast mislocalization and distal lung matrix defects during postnatal development

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第9期61卷 1030-1038页

作者： steven M.Hrycaj.Leilani Marty-Santos ANDrew j.Rasky Nicholas W.Lukacs Deneen M.Wellik Department of Internal Medicine Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics University of Michigan Department of Pathology University of Michigan Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan

Alveologenesis is the final stage of lung development and is responsible for the formation of the principle gas exchange units called alveoli. The lung mesenchyme, in particular the alveolar myofibroblasts, are drivers of alveolar development, however,few key regulators that govern the proper distribution and behavior of these cells in the distal lung during alveologenesis have been identified. While Hox5 triple mutants(Hox5 aabbcc) exhibit neonatal lethality, four-allele, compound mutant mice(Hox5 AabbCc) are born in Mendelian ratios and are phenotypically normal at birth. However, they exhibit defects in alveologenesis characterized by a BPD-like phenotype by early postnatal stages that becomes more pronounced at adult stages. Invasive pulmonary functional analyses demonstrate significant increases in total lung volume and compliance and a decrease in elastance in Hox5 compound mutants. SMA+ myofibroblasts in the distal lung are distributed abnormally during peak stages of alveologenesis and aggregate, resulting in the formation of a disrupted elastin network. Examination of other key components of the distal lung ECM, as well as other epithelial cells and lipofibroblasts reveal no differences in distribution. Collectively, these data indicate that Hox5 genes play a critical role in alveolar development by governing the proper cellular behavior of myofibroblasts during alveologenesis.

关键词： Hox5 alveologenesis alveolar myofibroblasts lung ECM postnatal lung development

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The interaction of stem cells and vascularity in peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1510-1517页

作者： Sara Saffari Tiam M.Saffari Dietmar j.O.Ulrich steven E.R.Hovius Alexander Y.Shin Division of Hand and Microvascular Surgery Department of Orthopedic SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands

The degree of nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve inj.ry can be altered by the microenvironment at the site of inj.ry. Stem cells and vascularity are postulated to be a part of a complex pathway that enhances peripheral nerve regeneration;however, their interaction remains unexplored. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on this interaction, including various mechanisms through which trophic factors are promoted by stem cells and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis after nerve inj.ry is stimulated by hypoxia, mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor, resulting in the growth of preexisting vessels into new areas. Modulation of distinct signaling pathways in stem cells can promote angiogenesis by the secretion of various angiogenic factors. Simultaneously, the importance of stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration relies on their ability to promote myelin formation and their capacity to be influenced by the microenvironment to differentiate into Schwann-like cells. Stem cells can be acquired through various sources that correlate to their differentiation potential, including embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Each source of stem cells serves its particular differentiation potential and properties associated with the promotion of revascularization and nerve regeneration. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles released from cell types and play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes hold promise for future transplantation applications, as these vesicles contain fewer membrane-bound proteins, resulting in lower immunogenicity. This review presents pre-clinical and clinical studies that focus on selecting the ideal type of stem cell and optimizing stem cell delivery methods for potential translation to clinical practice. Future studies integrating stem cell-based therapies with the promotion of angiogenesis may elucidate the synergistic pathways and ultimately enhance nerve regeneration.

关键词： angiogenesis exosomes nerve graft nerve regeneration peripheral nerve inj.ry revascularization Schwann cells stem cells stem cell delivery vascularity

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Leptin rescues neurons from Alzheimer’s disease-related pathways triggered by lipid burden

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2013年第1期2卷 31-39页

作者： steven j. Greco George Perry j. Wesson Ashford Ashkan Hamzelou j.ne M. j.hnston Nikolaos Tezapsidis Neurotez Inc. Bridgewater USA Stanford/VA Medical Center Palo Alto USA University of Texas San Antonio USA

Adipocyte-derived leptin is a pleiotropic hormone implicated in control of lipid storage and mobilization, bone homeostasis, immune function and neuronal plasticity. Leptin has been shown to prevent accumulation of extracellular Aβ and hyperphosphorylation of tau in both cell culture and animal models. Herein an investigation was undertaken to test leptin’s ability to prevent the exacerbation/activation of AD-related pathways in neurons following their exposure to a high concentration of a variety of lipids. Specifically, cholesterol, oleic acid and/or ceramide were added to the media of cells resulting in decreased cellular viability and energy metabolism, and in increased tau phosphorylation and extracellular Aβ. Leptin increased viability, boosted cellular metabolism by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the sirtuins (SIRT) and reduced tau phosphorylation and Aβ accumulation in a dose-dependent manner in response to select challenges. These findings demonstrate that leptin can attenuate the harmful effect of certain lipids that lead to exacerbation or activation of AD pathways. The study herein also provides the basis for a novel screening platform to define and identify a novel class of “metabolic” compounds addressing Alzheimer’s disease, based on a biological profile similar to leptin.

关键词： Leptin Cholesterol Ceramide AMPK SIRT Alzheimer’s Tau Amyloid-β

Community-Based Cardiovascular Screening: Detection of Disease in Individuals with No Self-Reported Risk Factors

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Open j.urnal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第2期5卷 78-83页

作者： steven M. Weisman Nathalie I. Garbani Andrew j. Manganaro Innovative Science Solutions Morristown USA Life Line Screening (LLS) Independence USA

Introduction: Community-based cardiovascular screening presents an opportunity to detect the presence of cardiovascular disease in individuals who report having no traditional risk factors, and also to identify the presence of those risk factors in those who are unaware of their health status. Identification of both disease and risk factors (e.g. high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, etc.) creates an opportunity for treatment and management to reduce and prevent cardiovascular events from occurring. Methods: Over 230,000 screening records for individuals who had undergone carotid artery stenosis (CAD), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), or peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening were reviewed. Participants were stratified based on self-reported risk factors as having no risk factors, one risk factor, or two or more risk factors. Self-reported risk factors were also compared with results of screening for blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid level status. Results: Abnormal findings of CAS, AAA, and PAD were all uncovered in individuals who self-reported as having no traditional risk factors. These abnormal findings included those defined as severe. The review of self-reported risk factors for accuracy demonstrated varying levels of inaccuracies in both under and over-reporting of risk factors. Conclusions: Community-based cardiovascular screening may result in the identification of cardiovascular disease in individuals with no established risk factors. While the underreporting of risk factors has also be demonstrated, it is clear that further research is warranted to better understand the presence of disease in the absence of risk factors.

关键词： Cardiovascular Screening Risk Factors Carotid Artery Stenosis Abdominal Aortic Aneursym Peripal Artery Disease

Inferring the Structure of the Pre-Protostellar Core L1498

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International j.urnal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第3期4卷 519-529页

作者： Sandra L. Doty steven D. Doty Matthew j. Perkett Department of Physics and Astronomy Denison University Granville USA Department of Physics Ohio University Lancaster Lancaster USA

We present a study of the pre-protostellar core (PPC) L1498. A series of self-consistent, three-dimensional continuum radiative transfer models are constructed. The outputs of these models are convolved with appropriate telescope beam responses, including the effect of beam chopping to simulate SCUBA observations. The simulated observations are compared with existing observational data. An automated search is conducted in the multi-dimensional parameter space to identify the best-fit model. Grids of models are constructed in the vicinity of the best fit in order to understand the sensitivity/uncertainty of the results. We find that the source is well fit by a prolate spheroid of cutoff (and thus approximately outer) radius rcut = 0.073 ± 0.005 pc, axis ratio q = 2.0 ± 0.2, a central luminosity L* -3 Lsun, and an optical depth in the visible of τv = 20 ± 5. We find that the PPC is illuminated by two external radiation fields: a uniform ISRF of strength sISRF= 0.5 ± 0.25 and a local plane-parallel radiation field sPPRF = 1.0 ± 0.5. Both of these radiation fields are locally attenuated, with τISRF = 1.0 ± 0.25, and τPPRF = 1.25 ± 0.75, consistent with the fact that L1498 is embedded in a larger cloud. Most interestingly, the density fall-off at the outer edge is extremely steep, having a power law of m > 10. This is effectively a “sharp edge” to the PPC, and together with the constant density interior, is interpreted as potential signs of a pressure-confined core.

关键词： Stars: Formation ISM: Clouds ISM: L1498 Submillmeter: Stars ISM: Structure Infrared: Stars

Community-Based Screening and the Detection of Critical Carotid Artery Stenosis and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

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Open j.urnal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第2期5卷 38-46页

作者： steven M. Weisman Nathalie I. Garbani Andrew j. Manganaro Innovative Science Solutions Morristown USA Life Line Screening (LLS) Independence USA

Background: Community-based cardiovascular screening has the opportunity to detect critical cardiovascular disease and positively affect public health outcomes. Disease deemed to be critical or severe at detection requires appropriate medical follow-up. This article examined the self-reported outcomes of individuals who had undergone community-based cardiovascular screening and had critical findings for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) or carotid artery stenosis (CAS). Methods: Over 390,000 screening records for AAA and over 490,000 screening records for CAS were reviewed to identify individuals with critical screening findings. A critical AAA is defined as an aneurysm ≥ 5cm and critical CAS is defined as a hemodynamically significant stenosis with recorded peak systolic velocities of ≥300 cm/s, in this population. Identified individuals were then contacted via phone and surveyed about the medical care they received after their screening. Results: Review of the screening records found a prevalence of critical AAA findings of 0.037% (146 participants) and critical CAS findings of 0.12% (579 participants). 61% of participants with critical findings were reached for follow-up from both groups. Over 96% of participants with critical AAA and over 92% of participants with critical CAS had some forms of medical follow-up. Conclusions: Community-based cardiovascular screening has the ability to detect critical levels of disease. Findings of critical disease in the reviewed population are similar to the findings from previously published studies. Importantly, medical treatment received by those who seek follow-up appears to be consistent with recommended treatment guidelines. Identification and management of critical disease represent meaningful public and individual health benefits and the possibility of cost-savings.

关键词： Cardiovascular Screening Carotid Artery Stenosis Abdominal Aortic Aneursym

The advent of structural biology in situ by single particle cryo-electron tomography

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Biophysics Reports 2017年第Z1期3卷 17-35页

作者： j.sús G.Galaz-Montoya steven j.Ludtke National Center for Macromolecular Imaging Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine

Single particle tomography(SPT), also known as subtomogram averaging, is a powerful technique uniquely poised to address questions in structural biology that are not amenable to more traditional approaches like X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and conventional cryoEM single particle analysis. Owing to its potential for in situ structural biology at subnanometer resolution, SPT has been gaining enormous momentum in the last five years and is becoming a prominent, widely used technique. This method can be applied to unambiguously determine the structures of macromolecular complexes that exhibit compositional and conformational heterogeneity, both in vitro and in situ. Here we review the development of SPT, highlighting its applications and identifying areas of ongoing development.

关键词： Cryo-electron tomography Single particle tomography Subtomogram averaging Direct detection device Contrast transfer function

A cross-analysis framework formulti-source volunteered, crowdsourced, and authoritative geographic information: The case study of volunteered personal traces analysis against transport network data

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第3期21卷 257-271页

作者： Gloria Bordogna steven Capelli Daniele E.Ciriello Giuseppe Psaila CNR IREA MilanoItaly DISCo Universitádegli studi di Milano BicoccaSesto San GiovanniItaly DIGIP University of BergamoDalmineItaly

The paper discusses the need of a high-level query language to allow analysts,geographers and,in general,non-programmers to easily cross-analyze multi-source VGI created by means of apps,crowd-sourced data from social networks and authoritative geo-referenced data,usually represented as j.ON data sets(nowadays,the de facto standard for data exported by social networks).Since an easy to use high-level language for querying and manipulating collections of possibly geo-tagged j.ON obj.cts is still unavailable,we propose a truly declarative language,named j.CO-QL,that is based on a well-defined execution model.A plug-in for a GIS permits to visualize geo-tagged data sets stored in a NoSQL database such as MongoDB;furthermore,the same plug-in can be used to write and execute j.CO-QL queries on those *** paper introduces the language by exemplifying its operators within a real study case,the aim of which is to understand the mobility of people in the neighborhood of Bergamo ***-analysis of data about transportation networks and VGI from travelers is performed,by means of j.CO-QL language,capable to manipulate and transform,combine and j.in possibly geo-tagged j.ON obj.cts,in order to produce new possibly geo-tagged j.ON obj.cts satisfying users’needs.

关键词： Cross-analysis framework comparing VGI crowd-sourced and authoritative geographical data j.ON data-sets declarative query language heterogeneous data-sets

Building damage mapping based on Touzi decomposition using quad-polarimetric ALOS PALSAR data

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第2期14卷 401-412页

作者： Shan LIU Fengli ZHANG Shiying WEI Qingbo LIU Na LIU Yun SHAO steven j.URIAN Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory of Target Microwave Properties Deqing Academy of Satellite ApplicationsHuzhou 313200China Beij.ng University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing 100044China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

Building damage assessment is of great significance to disaster *** Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)can record the polarization scattering measurement matrix of ground obj.cts and obtain more abundant ground obj.ct information,meaning that they can be used for assessing damage to *** this paper,a new approach is proposed to assess building damage using the Touzi incoherent decomposition and SAR-based characteristics of buildings before and after *** March 11th,2011 earthquake that struck the coast of northeast j.pan serves as the demonstration of the technique using quad-polarimetric ALOS PALSAR data acquired before and after the *** analysis shows that after the buildings are damaged,there is a clear decrease in theαs1(the dominant scattering-type magnitude)components and the degree of this reduction corresponds to the degree of building *** means that theαs1 components obtained by Touzi decomposition can effectively reflect the degree of building *** this basis,a model based on Touzi decomposition was established to evaluate the degree of damage to buildings,and the accuracy of the model was validated using high-resolution optical data acquired before and after the *** experimental results show that Touzi decomposition can be effectively used for damage assessment mapping in built-up areas.

关键词： Touzi decomposition quad-polarization SAR buildings damage disaster management