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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie d.de Schutter Lies de Groef Lieve Moons steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

Fusobacterium 's link to colorectal neoplasia sequenced: A systematic review and future insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8626-8650页

作者： Hisham Hussan steven K Clinton Kristen Roberts Michael T bailey division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Comprehensive Cancer Center The Ohio State University division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center department of Pediatrics OSU College of Medicine And Center for Microbial PathogenesisThe Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital

AIM To critically evaluate previous scientific evidence on Fusobacterium's role in colorectal neoplasia *** Two independent investigators systematically reviewed all original scientific articles published between January,2000,and July,2017,using Pub Med,EMBASE,and MEdLINE. A total of 355 articles were screened at the abstract level. Of these,only original scientific human,animal,and in vitro studies investigating Fusobacterium and its relationship with colorectal cancer(CRC) were included in the analysis. Abstracts,review articles,studies investigating other colonic diseases,and studies written in other languages than English were excluded from our analysis. Ninety articles were included after removing duplicates,resolving disagreements between the two reviewers,and applying the above *** Studies have consistently identified positive associations between Fusobacterium,especially Fusobacterium nucleatum(F. nucleatum),and CRC. Stronger associations were seen in CRCs proximal to the splenic flexure and Cp G island methylator phenotype(CIMP)-high CRCs. There was evidence of temporality and a biological gradient,with increased F. nucleatum dNA detection and quantity along the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in CIMP-high CRC precursors. diet may have a differential impact on colonic F. nucleatum enrichment;evidence suggests that high fiber diet may reduce the risk of a subset of CRCs that are F. nucleatum dNA-positive. data also suggest shorter CRC and disease-specific survival with increased amount of F. nucleatum dNA in CRC tissue. The pathophysiology of enrichment of F. nucleatum and other Fusobacterium species in colonic tissue is unclear;however,the virulence factors and changes to the local colonic environment with disruption of the protective mucus layer may contribute. The presence of a host lectin(Gal-Gal NAc) in the colonic epithelium may also mediate F. nucleatum attachment to CRC and precursors through interaction with a

关键词： Colon microbiota Fusobacterium Systematic review Fusobacterium nucleatum Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyps Carcinogenesis

Treatment strategies in obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3168-3173页

作者： Marat Khaikin steven d Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida WestonFL 33331United States

Obstructed defecation （Od） and fecal incontinence （FI） are challenging clinical problems, which are commonly encountered in the practice of colorectal surgeons and gastroenterologists. These disorders sodally and psychologically distress patients and greatly impair their quality of life. The underlying anatomical and pathophysiological changes are complex, often incompletely understood and cannot always be determined. As a consequence, many medical, surgical, and behavioral approaches have been described, with no panacea. Over the past decade, advances in an understanding of these disorders together with rational and similar methods of evaluation in anorectal physiology laboratories （ARP）, radiology studies, and new surgical techniques have led to promising results. In this brief review, we discuss treatment strategies and recent updates on clinical and therapeutic aspects of obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence.

关键词： Obstructed defecation Fecal incontinence Treatment

Idiopathic fistula-in-ano

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第28期17卷 3277-3285页

作者： Sherief Shawki steven d Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida department of Surgery Suez Canal University

Fistula-in-ano is the most common form of perineal ***,a fistula includes an internal opening,a track,and an external *** external opening might acutely appear following infection and/or an abscess,or more insiduously in a chronic *** includes control of infection,assessment of the fistulous track in relation to the anal sphincter muscle,and finally,definitive treatment of the *** was the most commonly used mode of management,but concerns about post-fistulotomy incontinence prompted the use of sphincter preserving techniques such as advancement flaps,fibrin glue,collagen fistula plug,ligation of the intersphincteric fistula track,and stem *** descriptive and comparative studies have evaluated these different techniques with variable *** lack of consistent results,level I evidence,or long-term follow-up,as well as the heterogeneity of fistula pathology has prevented a definitive treatment *** article will review the most commonly available modalities and techniques for managing idiopathic fistula-in-ano.

关键词： Anal fistula Seton Fistulotomy Advancement flap Fibrin glue Fistula plug

Hierarchical methodology to evaluate the quality of disparate axle load data sources for pavement design

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 261-279页

作者： steven Wood Jonathan d.Regehr Transportation division City of WinnipegWinnipegMB R3B 1B9Canada department of Civil Engineering University of ManitobaMB R3T 5V6Canada

Axle load data are an essential input for pavement design,yet for most North American agencies,there is uncertainty about the quality of axle load data obtained from weigh-inmotion(WIM)systems,the applicability of these data for pavement design,and potential opportunities to integrate axle load data from disparate *** article presents a novel and practical methodology to evaluate the quality of axle load data from WIM systems and roadside weigh scales through a series of hierarchical analyses designed to test data *** applied using data from Manitoba,Canada,the methodology quantified the uncertainty of axle loads measured at the weigh scales and piezo-quartz WIM,concluding that both could be used for pavement design *** collected at piezo-polymer WIM sites exhibited poorer data validity;however,application of site-specific temperature correction factors significantly improved data validity at these *** article describes how other data quality dimensions,including spatial coverage,temporal coverage,and long-term data availability,could be considered when determining the suitability of disparate axle load data sources for pavement *** of the methodology enables a pragmatic evaluation of the quality and limitations of commonlyavailable axle load data,revealing uncertainties and data needs relevant for pavement design practice.

关键词： Road engineering Pavement design Axle load Weigh-in-motion data quality Truck traffic

Current status of laparoscopy for the treatment of rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15125-15134页

作者： Noam Shussman steven d Wexner department of Colorectal Surgery Cleveland Clinic Florida

Surgery for rectal cancer in complex and entails many *** the laparoscopic approach in general and specific to colon cancer has been long proven to have short term benefits and to be oncologically safe,it is still a debatable topic for rectal *** attempt to benefit rectal cancer patients with the known advantages of the laparoscopic approach while not compromising their oncologic outcome has led to the conduction of many studies during the past *** we describe our technique for laparoscopic proctectomy and assess the current literature dealing with short term outcomes,immediate oncologic measures(such as lymph node yield and specimen quality) and long term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic rectal cancer *** also briefly evaluate the evolving issues of robotic assisted rectal cancer surgery and the current innovations and trends in the minimally invasive approach to rectal cancer surgery.

关键词： Laparoscopy Rectal cancer Minimally invasive surgery Oncological outcomes Short term benefits

An investigation of roof runoff during rain events at the Royal Military College of Canada and potential discharge to Lake Ontario

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1072-1078页

作者： david G. Kelly Ron d. Weir steven d. White Analytical Sciences Group & SLOWPOKE-2 Facility at RMC Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Royal Military College of Canada 11 General Crerar Crescent

The Royal Military College of Canada, located on the north eastern shore of Lake Ontario, possesses an abundance of copper roofs and lacks surface water treatment prior to discharge into Lake Ontario. Rainwater, roof runoff and soil samples were collected and analyzed for copper and other parameters. Copper was consistently detected in runoff samples with average concentrations of 3200 ± 2100 μg/L. Multivariable linear regression analysis for a dependant copper runoff concentration yielded an adjusted R 2 value of 0.611, based on an independent variable model using minimum temperature, maximum temperature, total precipitation, and wind speed. Lake water samples taken in the vicinity of storm water outfalls draining areas with copper roofs ranged from 2.0 to 40 μg/L copper. Such data exceed the 2.0 μg/L Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life as outlined by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment （CCME）. Analysis of raw, filtered and digested forms suggested that the majority of copper present in runoff and lake water samples was in a dissolved form. The majority of soils taken in this study displayed copper concentrations below the 63 μg/g CCME residential/parkland land use limits. These findings suggested that ion exchange processes between runoff water and soil do not occur to a sufficient extent to elevate copper levels in soil. It may therefore be concluded that the eventual fate of copper, which is not discharged via storm water outfalls, is lost to the water table and Lake Ontario through the sub-soil.

关键词： copper roof runoff Lake Ontario Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life

Recent Advances in the Science of Burst Wave Lithotripsy and Ultrasonic Propulsion

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 48-53页

作者： dima Raskolnikov Michael R.bailey Jonathan d.Harper department of Urology University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound Applied Physics LaboratoryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Nephrolithiasis is a common,painful condition that requires surgery in many patients whose stones do not pass *** technologic advances have enabled the use of ultrasonic propulsion to reposition stones within the urinary tract,either to relieve symptoms or facilitate *** wave lithotripsy(BWL)has emerged as a noninvasive technique to fragment stones in awake patients without significant pain or renal *** review the preclinical and human studies that have explored the use of these two *** envision that BWL will fill an unmet need for the noninvasive treatment of patients with nephrolithiasis.

关键词： urinary surgery advances

New instability and mixing simulations using SPH and a novel mixing measure

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第4期32卷 684-698页

作者： Georgina Reece Benedict d.Rogers steven Lind Georgios Fourtakas department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversityof ManchesterManchesterUK

This paper assesses the ability of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to simulate mixing of two-phase flows and theirtransition to instabilities under different flow regimes. A new measure for quantification of the degree of mixing between phases in aLagrangian framework is also developed. The method is validated using the lid-driven cavity and two-phase Poiseuille flow cases. Thevelocity along the centre of the cavity is compared with results from the literature, whilst commercial volume-of-fluid codeSTAR-CCM+ provides a benchmark for the mixing and different mixing measures are considered. The velocity of two-phase Poiseuilleflow along the channel is compared to the analytical solution, and the appearance of interfacial instabilities with perturbation *** is the first time SPH has been used to investigate the onset and development of these instabilities. In particular, it is able to modelthe deforming shape of the interface, which is not given by analytical studies, while also offering improved predictions overconventional mesh-based computational fluid dynamics simulations.

关键词： Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) multi-phase mixing instability