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Explosive Expansion,Sociotechnical Diversity,and Fragile Sovereignty in the Domain of the Inka

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Journal of Social Computing 2022年第1期3卷 57-74页

作者： steven A.Wernke the Department of Anthropology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA

Societies of the late prehispanic Andes-the Inkas principal among them-have long figured as“exceptions to the rule”in social evolutionary schemata,in large measure because they seemingly lacked key technological hallmarks of complex societies found in other world regions,despite their observed large scale and complex,hierarchical political and economic *** presumed absences are encoded in the Seshat Global History Databank,a large global comparative diachronic database recording many dimensions of human *** derived from the current version of the Seshat database necessarily reproduce these supposed absences,as they inhere in its data ontology,structure,and ***,patterns observed in the dataset provide a means for identifying processes acting on and through Andean peoples and the complex political formations they ***,this paper evaluates a proposed information processing threshold model of social evolution,which suggests that social dynamics are driven first by processes related to social scale,and then by a phase of dynamics in which further scalar increases are only possible through innovations in information *** Andean region appears to violate this model because the Seshat database records writing and other information processing technologies as absent in the case of the Inka *** author argues that the dynamics of the Andean region are actually consistent with the information threshold model,but the data as constituted do not capture the relevant *** Inkas elaborated sophisticated information processing on par with counterparts in other world regions,but through radically distinct forms and pathways,including the Andean khipu(knotted string registries),decimal administration,and a colossal logistical and administrative infrastructural *** interwoven bundle of technologies and institutions constituted an information revolution that surpassed the information thresh

关键词： social complexity technology Andes data ontology imperialism fragility

Unified control and detection framework and its applications: a review, some new results, and future perspectives

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2021年第5期32卷 995-1013页

作者： DING steven Xianchuan LI Linlin JIANG Bin Institute for Automatic Control and Complex Systems University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Initiated three decades ago,integrated design of controllers and fault detectors has continuously attracted research *** recent development of the unified control and detection framework with an observer-based residual generator in its core gives a more general form of the previous *** applications to residual centred modelling of uncertain control systems,fault detection in feedback control systems with uncertainties,fault-tolerant control(FTC)as well as control performance degradation monitoring,detection and recovery are *** conclusion,some future perspectives are proposed.

关键词： unified framework of control and detection observer-based residual generator Youla parameterisation detection of additive and multiplicative faults in control loop fault-tolerant control(FTC) loop performance degradation(LPD)monitoring and recovery

Introduction to IEEE 802.3av 10Gbit/s Ethernet Passive Optical Networks(10G EPON)

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China Communications 2009年第4期6卷 136-147页

作者： steven Scott Gorshe Jeff Mandin ICs for Optical Transmission and Access Systems United States Transmission Access and Optical Systems Technical Committee United States PMC-Sierra's Fiber-to-the-Home Business Unit United States

In the competitive broadband access environment, providing access to"triple play"services(voice, video, and high-speed data) is an important way for both telephone and CATV network providers to increase their *** Optical Networks(PONs) are a cost-effective, flexible, and future-proof medium for providing triple play *** 1 Gbit/s IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet PON(EPON) and ITU-T G.984 2.5 Gbit/ s PON(GPON) are currently being deployed for triple play service ***, high definition switched digital video service such as IPTV will require more *** paper provides a tutorial overview of the IEEE 802.3av 10Gbit/s Ethernet PON(10G EPON) standard, including the ways in which it differs from EPON.

关键词： IEEE 以太网计算机网络电子邮件

Hierarchical methodology to evaluate the quality of disparate axle load data sources for pavement design

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 261-279页

作者： steven Wood Jonathan D.Regehr Transportation Division City of WinnipegWinnipegMB R3B 1B9Canada Department of Civil Engineering University of ManitobaMB R3T 5V6Canada

Axle load data are an essential input for pavement design,yet for most North American agencies,there is uncertainty about the quality of axle load data obtained from weigh-inmotion(WIM)systems,the applicability of these data for pavement design,and potential opportunities to integrate axle load data from disparate *** article presents a novel and practical methodology to evaluate the quality of axle load data from WIM systems and roadside weigh scales through a series of hierarchical analyses designed to test data *** applied using data from Manitoba,Canada,the methodology quantified the uncertainty of axle loads measured at the weigh scales and piezo-quartz WIM,concluding that both could be used for pavement design *** collected at piezo-polymer WIM sites exhibited poorer data validity;however,application of site-specific temperature correction factors significantly improved data validity at these *** article describes how other data quality dimensions,including spatial coverage,temporal coverage,and long-term data availability,could be considered when determining the suitability of disparate axle load data sources for pavement *** of the methodology enables a pragmatic evaluation of the quality and limitations of commonlyavailable axle load data,revealing uncertainties and data needs relevant for pavement design practice.

关键词： Road engineering Pavement design Axle load Weigh-in-motion Data quality Truck traffic

Insulin, longevity, and genetic analysis of metabolism

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Protein & Cell 2010年第7期1卷 605-606页

作者： steven Y Cheng Department of Developmental Genetics center for Regenerative Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

In a 1989 Hollywood hit“Sex,Lies,and Videotapes”,director steven Soderbergh told a story of an incestuous affair between a hot-shot lawyer and the sister of his married *** over-stayed visit by a drifter whose unusual fetish of videotaping conversations about sex lives of women deconvoluted this adulterous *** the biological life,persistent bias can also throw off a balance such as the homeostasis delicately constructed among metabolism,longevity,and the insulin signaling *** a recent paper published in Cell Metabolism,Yong Liu’s group at the Shanghai Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Liangyou Rui’s group at the University of Michigan Medical School reported that alteration of metabolism through genetic deletion of SH2B,a gene encoding an adaptor protein required for insulin signaling,causes significant changes in the life span of affected fruitflies and *** the manmade and the god-made stories show only a slight superficial analogy in form,they both unfold through serendipitous analyses of seemingly unrelated events,a theme that reoccurringly underscores the importance of basic research.

关键词： metabolism analogy conversation

Complete reprogramming to all-iPS mice

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Protein & Cell 2010年第1期1卷 2-3页

作者： steven Y Cheng Department of Developmental Genetics and Center for Regenerative Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

The landmark discoveries by Shinya Yamanaka in mice and later separately by James Thompson in humans that adult animal cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state of embryonic stem(ES)cells by forced expression of just a few key transcription factors have permanently altered a long-held view about the stability of differentiated cells in developmental biology,and suggested a way of generating personalized replacement tissues from patients’own cells for the regenerative medical treatment.

关键词： programming generating permanent

Luminescence of Er^(3+) in Oxyfluoride Transparent Glass-Ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 699-705页

作者： Akira Ueda steven H Morgan Richard Mu Department of Physics Fisk University NashvilleTN 37208 USA

Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics （TGCs） were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2：Er^3＋ nanocrystals in the glass matrix were confirmed by X-ray ***-defined diffraction peaks were observed in the samples after heat-treatment. The average crystal diameter of these precipitated crystals from full-width at half-maximum （FWHM） of the diffraction peak was estimated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion luminescence were measured on as-prepared glass and glass-ceramics. Luminescence spectra in the TGC samples revealed well-resolved, sharp stark-splitting peaks, which indicates that a majority of Er^3＋ ions has been incorporated into the crystalline phase of the nanocrystals. The intensity of the visible and near infrared luminescence mostly increases in TSG compared to that in the as-prepared glass. In 1.53 μm absorption and emission bands, the maximum absorption peak is blue-shifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas the maximum emission peak is redshifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as compared with that in glass. The bandwidth at half-maximum （BWHM） of the emission band is significantly broader in TGC than in glass, which is beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）. Upconversion luminescence was measured using 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Drastically increased upconversion 1 was observed from the TGC as compared to that from their corresponding as-prepared glasses. In addition to a strong green emission centered at 545 nm because of ^4S3/2→^4I15/2 transition and a weaker red emission centered at 662 nm because of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 transition, generally seen from the Er^3＋ doped glasses, two violet emissions centered at 410 nm because of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 transition and centered at 379 nm because of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 transition were also o

关键词： luminescence transparent glass-ceramics rare earths

Biomimetic Composite Structural T-joints

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 377-384页

作者： Vimal Kumar Thummalapalli steven L. Donaldson University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0243 USA

Biological structural fixed joints exhibit unique attributes, including highly optimized fiber paths which minimize stress concentrations. In addition, since the joints consist of continuous, uncut fiber architectures, the joints enable the organism to transport information and chemicals from one part of the body to the other. To the contrary, sections of man-made composite material structures are often joined using bolted or bonded joints, which involve low strength and high stress concentrations. These methods are also expensive to achieve. Additional functions such as fluid transport, electrical signal delivery, and thermal conductivity across the joints typically require parasitic tubes, wires, and attachment clips. By using the biomimetic methods, we seek to overcome the limitations which are present in the conventional methods. In the present work, biomimetic co-cured composite sandwich T-joints were constructed using unidirectional glass fiber, epoxy resin, and structural foam. The joints were fabricated using the wet lay-up vacuum bag resin infusion method. Foam sandwich T-joints with multiple continuous fiber architectures and sandwich foam thickness were prepared. The designs were tested in quasi-static bending using a mechanical load frame. The significant weight savings using the biomimetic approaches is discussed, as well as a comparison of failure modes versus architecture is described.

关键词： composites T-joints biomimetic fiberglass epoxy sandwich foam

Targeting pro-fibrotic macrophages with bioactive self-assembly peptides to retard kidney fibrosis-know thyself

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第8期21卷 935-937页

作者： steven O’Reilly Department of Biosciences Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamUK

Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)represents a growing global health burden with up to 25%of adults 60 or over having *** is a huge challenge and most disease is progressive and can lead to lifelong dialysis or renal *** the triggers of CKD can be multiple and diverse they all eventually lead to progressive fibrosis of the kidney with increased deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix molecules with increased inflammation *** targeting Transforming Growth Factor-βTGF-β,a highly pro-fibrotic cytokine,have yielded disappointing *** inflammation is considered important in the disease initiation and progression targeting this to mitigate disease could be important,however inflammation is also necessary for kidney *** this issue of Cellular and Molecular Immunology Ouyang et *** a key pro-fibrotic macrophage subset and construct a 12-mer peptide that specifically targets these cells and elicits macrophage cell death in vivo and showed excellent efficacy in an animal model of kidney disease[1].

关键词： kidney inflammation dialysis