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Esophageal cancer:diagnosis and management

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2010年第10期29卷 843-854页

作者： steven H.lin Joe Y.Chang Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center

Esophageal cancer is the 7th leading cause of cancer deaths *** squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent histology internationally,adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus accounts for nearly 50% of cases in developed countries due to the differences in the etiologic factors such as gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and obesity that *** surgery is the mainstay of treatment of this disease,the utilization of chemoradiation,eitherused postoperatively or neoadjuvantly,has become a standard practice in the United *** is the optimal management approach is still an area of contention,however,and may be different in different regions around the *** article reviews some of these controversies,including the role for surgery in patients treated with definitive *** the end,we will also outline recommendations regarding radiotherapy procedures and techniques.

关键词：食管癌管理诊断放射治疗鳞状细胞癌发达国家组织学利用率

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3101-3111页

作者： Christopher J Danford steven C lin Martin P Smith Jacqueline L Wolf Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Department of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis(EPS) is a debilitating condition characterized by a fibrocollagenous membrane encasing the small intestine, resulting in recurrent small bowel obstructions. EPS is most commonly associated with long-term peritoneal dialysis, though medications, peritoneal infection, and systemic inflammatory disorders have been implicated. Many cases remain idiopathic. Diagnosis is often delayed given the rarity of the disorder combined with non-specific symptoms and laboratory findings. Although cross-sectional imaging with computed tomography of the abdomen can be suggestive of the disorder, many patients undergo exploratory laparotomy for diagnosis. Mortality approaches 50% one year after diagnosis. Treatment for EPS involves treating the underlying condition or eliminating possible inciting agents(i.e. peritoneal dialysis, medications, infections) and nutritional support, frequently with total parenteral nutrition. EPSspecific treatment depends on the disease stage. In the inflammatory stage, corticosteroids are the treatment of choice, while in the fibrotic stage, tamoxifen may be beneficial. In practice, distinguishing between stages may be difficult and both may be used. Surgical intervention, consisting of peritonectomy and enterolysis, is timeconsuming and high-risk and is reserved for situations in which conservative medical therapy fails in institutions with surgical expertise in this area. Herein we review the available literature of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare, but potentially devastating disease.

关键词： Abdominal cocoon Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis Peritoneal sclerosis Peritonectomy Enterolysis Peritoneal dialysis Tamoxifen Corticosteroids

Chinese Ageing in Minority Cultures： The Role of Social Functioning

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2011年第1期4卷 88-107页

作者： Chen Hong--lin steven M. Shardlow Tina L. Rochelle

The increasing proportions of older people in the populations of many societies and the patterns of increasing global mobility make social services with ageing ethnic minorities of ever greater importance to social work practitioners. The paper reviews current knowledge and understanding of factors that contribute to social functioning within and outside the family among one migrant group： older ethnic Chinese in Western countries. The findings show that the capacity to maintain a functional social role varies across different groups of Chinese ethnic elders： some are marginalized and excluded from mainstream social engagement on a number of different levels. Some have difl!iculty in accessing public services; some are in a disadvantageous position with regard to wider social connections; and others are empowered in later life in terms of income, social engagement, autonomy and being in a collective, reciprocal relationship. The impact of these factors is complicated by the mixture of the older people＇s cultural heritage, degree of acculturation, socioeconomic status, educational achievements, patterns and history of immigration, refigious beliefs, and family dynamics. Similarly these factors must be understood by social service professionals for providing services to match the needs of ethnic Chinese older people.

关键词： ageing Chinese ethnic minorities social functioning

MDGA2 Constrains Glutamatergic Inputs Selectively onto CA1 Pyramidal Neurons to Optimize Neural Circuits for Plasticity,Memory,and Social Behavior

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 887-904页

作者： Xuehui Wang Donghui lin Jie Jiang Yuhua Liu Xinyan Dong Jianchen Fan Lifen Gong Weida Shen linghui Zeng Tonghui Xu Kewen Jiang steven A.Connor Yicheng Xie School of Life Sciences Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Department of Neurology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Biology York University4700 Keele StreetTorontoON M3J 1P3Canada Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province School of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015China

Synapse organizers are essential for the development,transmission,and plasticity of *** as rare synapse suppressors,the MAM domain containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor(MDGA)proteins contributes to synapse organization by inhibiting the formation of the synaptogenic neuroligin-neurexin complex.A previous analysis of MDGA2 mice lacking a single copy of Mdga2 revealed upregulated glutamatergic synapses and behaviors consistent with ***,MDGA2 is expressed in diverse cell types and is localized to both excitatory and inhibitory *** the network versus cell-specific effects of MDGA2 loss-of-function requires a cell-type and brain region-selective *** address this,we generated mice harboring a conditional knockout of Mdga2 restricted to CA1 pyramidal *** we report that MDGA2 suppresses the density and function of excitatory synapses selectively on pyramidal neurons in the mature *** deletion of Mdga2 in CA1 pyramidal neurons of adult mice upregulated miniature and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials,vesicular glutamate transporter 1 intensity,and neuronal *** effects were limited to glutamatergic synapses as no changes were detected in miniature and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potential properties or vesicular GABA transporter ***,evoked basal synaptic transmission and AMPAR receptor currents were enhanced at glutamatergic *** a behavioral level,memory appeared to be compromised in Mdga2 cKO mice as both novel object recognition and contextual fear conditioning performance were impaired,consistent with deficits in long-term potentiation in the CA3-CA1 *** affiliation,a behavioral analog of social deficits in autism,was similarly *** results demonstrate that MDGA2 confines the properties of excitatory synapses to CA1 neurons in mature hippocampal circuits,thereby optimizing this network for plasticity,c

关键词： MDGA2 CA1 pyramidal neurons Glutamatergic inputs Synaptic plasticity Memory Social behaviors Autism Synapse organizers

Pathways to carbon neutrality in the built environment: Phase change materials

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Green Carbon 2024年第2期2卷 197-204页

作者： Wenzhu lin Xiaoxue Yao Wen Zhao Yiru Pu steven Wang Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Phase change materials(PCMs)are increasingly capturing the spotlight in the realm of building design and construction owing to their capacity to absorb and release thermal energy throughout phase *** review provides a comprehensive overview of PCMs,outlining their properties and applications in improving energy efficiency,comfort,and sustainability in *** delves into various types of PCMs,discussing their selection criteria,integration methods,and their impact on indoor climate and energy *** exploration covers both passive and active PCM systems across diverse building components,including implications for walls,roofs,windows,and floors,and integrated heating,ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)and solar energy ***,the review addresses challenges associated with PCM implementation in building applications while considering future prospects in this field.

关键词： Phase change material Building Latent heat Energy storage Energy saving

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风土宜兰五感享乐

航空港 2012年第10期 116-119页

作者：李佳芳 steven lin 吴慈仁许家华彭筱雪刘晓琳

在谈论葡萄酒时绝不会错过的字眼:"风土"(terroir),原意是土壤,泛指一切与土地相关的天然条件:水、地形、气候、土壤等,随著深度旅行的风潮,现今挪用在旅途上,令旅行有了崭新的意义:透过食物与风土的连结,进而了解当地物产民俗风情,旅... 详细信息

在谈论葡萄酒时绝不会错过的字眼:"风土"(terroir),原意是土壤,泛指一切与土地相关的天然条件:水、地形、气候、土壤等,随著深度旅行的风潮,现今挪用在旅途上,令旅行有了崭新的意义:透过食物与风土的连结,进而了解当地物产民俗风情,旅行不再只是透过视觉观看,而是用手触摸、以鼻嗅闻、以舌品尝。让我们从台湾东北部、水土丰饶的宜兰出发,品味员山的威士忌酒厂与香鱼、礁溪的温泉蔬菜与三星葱,透过五感旅行,赏玩宜兰。

关键词：噶玛兰兰阳礁溪温泉 travel 冲积作用光车 nowadays onion customs

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氤氲舒畅台湾温泉乡

航空港 2012年第12期 102-105页

作者：胡纱德 steven lin 许家华吴慈仁杨為仁吴东峻刘晓琳淡水渔人码头福容饭店阳明山天籁温泉会馆北投丽禧温泉酒店

走在台湾街头,迎面吹来的风已有些微寒料峭,正是浸淫在温泉氤氲之中,享受热烫舒畅的泡汤时节。多山的台湾,从雪山山脉、中央山脉一路延伸,自北到南、由东到西,因为地质的差异而出现不同泉质温泉;这些温泉之乡,又在时代推移与历史变迁中... 详细信息

走在台湾街头,迎面吹来的风已有些微寒料峭,正是浸淫在温泉氤氲之中,享受热烫舒畅的泡汤时节。多山的台湾,从雪山山脉、中央山脉一路延伸,自北到南、由东到西,因为地质的差异而出现不同泉质温泉;这些温泉之乡,又在时代推移与历史变迁中,出现不同的风貌。且让我们随着温泉前行,一探北、中、南、东各区温泉乡、赏玩不同风情的温泉旅店,让身体在蒸腾水气中,感受台湾的热力。

关键词：温泉乡北投大屯山乌来温泉碳酸泉渔人码头花莲台东岩区菲律宾海板块

帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析

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中华肿瘤防治杂志 2021年第24期28卷 1841-1850页

作者：陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis steven H lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh 山东省肿瘤防治研究院(山东省肿瘤医院) 山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)山东济南250117 不详 Department of Radiation Oncology The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,... 详细信息

背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在***上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。

关键词：帕博利珠单抗非小细胞肺癌放疗汇总分析

The Three links policy and stock returns

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Economic and Political Studies 2022年第3期10卷 327-341页

作者： Allen lin steven Raymar Gabelli School of Business Fordham UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

This study examines whether the Three links(3L)policy affected stock returns before,during and after the 2008 Taiwan leadership *** evidence shows that companies in the industries benefitting from(being damaged by)the 3L policy earned posi-tive(negative)cumulative abnormal *** the polit-ical party connection/affiliation seems to have had an impact as well,it was not *** both factors–the policy effect and the political connection effect–are considered together,we find that the policy effect persisted during the election,while the political connection effect did *** is obvious that the policy effect is a powerful factor explaining changes of stock returns during the 2008 leadership election in China’s Taiwan.

关键词： The Three links(3L)policy political connection cumulative abnor-mal returns