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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 341-343页

作者： Benjamin S.Walsh Natasha l.M.Manimion Tom A.R.Price steven R.Parratt Institute of Integrative Biology University of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL697ZBUK

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term heat shocks that threaten the persistence of natural ***,most work addressing the evolutionary consequences of anthropogenic environmental change has focused on natural selection,with less attention paid to the impacts on sexual *** conditions under which sexual selection operates is a topic of debate,but a generally observed pattern is that the oper-ational sex ratio(OSR)of a population is key to determining both the extent of competition for fertilizations and the scope for mate choice(Weir et al.2011)

关键词： climate change reproduction sexual selection fertility

An investigation of the l-shell x-ray conversion efficiency for laser-irradiated tin foils

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第4期22卷 48-54页

作者： David BAIlIE Cormac HYlAND Raj l SINGH steven WHITE Gianluca SARRI Francis P KEENAN David RIlEY steven J ROSE Edward G HIll Feilu WANG Dawei YUAN Gang ZHAO Huigang WEI Bo HAN Baoqiang ZHU Jianqiang ZHU Pengqian YANG Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT7 INNUnited Kingdom Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT7 INNUnited Kingdom Plasma Physics Group Blackett LaboratoryPrince Consort RoadLondonSW72AZUnited Kingdom Key laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012People's Republic of China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875People's Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences.Shanghai 201800People's Republic of China

We have used the ShenguangⅡlaser in third harmonic(351 nm)to investigate the emission of l-shell radiation in the 3.3–4.4 ke V range generated using thin foils of Sn coated onto a parylene substrate with irradiation of order 1015 W cm-2 and nanosecond pulse *** our experiment,we have concentrated on assessing the emission on the non-laser irradiated side as this allows an experimental geometry relevant to experiments on photo-ionised plasmas where a secondary target must be placed close to the source,to achieve x-ray fluxes appropriate to astrophysical *** l-shell conversion efficiencies are estimated to be of order 1%,with little dependence on Sn thickness between 400 and 800 nm.

关键词： conversion efficiency laser plasma x-ray sources laboratory astrophysics

Processing, Recovery and Analysis of Precious Metals Using Molecular Recogntion Technology

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 88-95页

作者： IZATT steven R. BRUENING Ronald l. IZATT Nell E. IBC Advanced Technologies Inc.856 East Utah Valley DriveAmerican ForkUT 84003USA

IBC Advanced Technologies' Molecular Recognition Technology(MRT) products,trade named Superlig,selectively and rapidly bind with target metal ions to remove them from *** MRT process can produce a high purity separation product of maximum added value at low *** this paper,applications of MRT in the precious metals industry,including selective commercial separations involving Au,Pd,Pt,Rh,and Ru,are described and *** of MRT to the analytical determination of precious metals is *** use of MRT in recovering precious metals from end-of-life(EOl) products is discussed.

关键词： selective metal separations molecular recognition technology metal recovery from waste electronics palladium platinum rhodium ruthenium gold analytical determinations

Digital Ecologies as Tractarian Systems

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2013年第1期3卷 64-69页

作者： steven l. Peck Brigham Young University

This paper explores Wittgenstein＇s early work as it relates to emerging philosophical problems in ecological modeling. Here I use his thought to structure a logical framework from which to discuss ecological simulation models in a way that captures how these dynamic representations describe a world from which we can draw logical inferences about real-world ecological processes. I argue that Wittgenstein＇s Tractatus logico-Philosophicus provides a way of reading problems that arise in using simulation as a way to make inferences about the world. Conversely, ecological simulation provides an illustration of a Tractarian system, because the digital world it creates completely describes and is defined by the programing language. This reading is a novel, but productive, way that notes that the language used in modeling requires a hermeneutical approach to make inferences about modeling/real-world relationships.

关键词： ecological simulation computer modeling representation Wittgenstein philosophy of science

long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： Peter R Mertens steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

BACKGROUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis B and C ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified Chevallier scoring system. RESUlTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified Chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Pline vs.12.6±6.8 after 9 months, Pl liver biopsy 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation,and the fibrotic score was increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, PlUSIONS:Nine-month IFN-γtreatment significantly improves the fibrosis score in patients with chronic HBV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. Given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

Exploring unconventional attributes of red blood cells and their potential applications in biomedicine

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Protein & Cell 2024年第5期15卷 315-330页

作者： Alkmini T.Anastasiadi Vasiliki-Zoi Arvaniti Krystalyn E.Hudson Anastasios G.Kriebardis Constantinos Stathopoulos Angelo D’Alessandro steven l.Spitalnik Vassilis l.Tzounakas Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineUniversity of Patras26504 PatrasGreece Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032USA laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in laboratory Hematology(HemQcR) Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Health&Caring SciencesUniversity of West Attica(UniWA)12243 EgaleoGreece Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13001 AuroraCOUSA Present address:Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research(IFBR) Biomedical Sciences Research Center“Alexander Fleming”Vari11527 AthensGreece

We need to talk about red blood *** cells are defined as cells containing distinct nuclei and other membranous ***,red blood cells(RBCs)lack a nucleus and organelles—perhaps to limit the generation of reactive oxygen species(Zhang et al.,2011)—and are filled with hemoglobin(Hb).This oxygen carrier is limited to the cytosol by the cell membrane and cytoskeleton,which maintain cellular integrity and deformability as RBCs pass through narrow capillaries(Gratzer,1994)to perform their primary function of gas exchange.

关键词： membranous maintain

Dual enzyme activated fluorescein based fluorescent probe

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 117-121页

作者： Maria l.Odyniec Jordan E.Gardiner Adam C.Sedgwick Xiao-Peng He steven D.Bull Tony D.James Department of Chemistry University of BathBathBA27AYUK Department of Chemistry University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712-1224USA Key laboratory for Advanced Materials&Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

A simple dual analyte fluorescein-based probe(PF3-Glc)was synthesised containingβ-glucosidase(β-glc)and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)trigger *** presence ofβ-glc,resulted in fragmentation of the parent molecule releasing glucose and the slightly fluorescent mono-boronate fluorescein(PF3).Subsequently,in the presence of glucose oxidase(GOx),the released glucose was catalytically converted to D-glucono-δ-lactone,which produced H2O2 as a *** GOx-produced H2O2,resulted in classic H2O2-mediated boronate oxidation and the release of the highly emissive fluorophore,*** unique cascade reaction lead to an 80-fold increase in fluorescence intensity.

关键词： chemosensors dual-activation GOx fluorescence β-glucosidase molecular logic

Black locust coppice stands homogenize soil diazotrophic communities by reducing soil net nitrogen mineralization

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 289-300页

作者： Kun li Huimei Tian W.Keith Moser steven T.Overby l.Scott Baggett Ruiqiang Ni Chuanrong li Weixing Shen Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow RiverForestry College of Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an271018ShandongChina Rocky Mountain Research Station United States Forest Service2500 S.Pine Knoll Dr.FlagstaffAZ86001USA Rocky Mountain Research Station United States Forest Service240 West Prospect Fort CollinsCO80526USA Mount Tai Scenic Spot Management Committee Tai'an271000ShandongChina

Background:Black locust(Bl,Robinia pseudoacacia)is considered a promising tree species for reforestation due to its great ability to fix ***,after two or three coppice-harvesting rotations,the productivity of Bl *** soil microbial communities are affected and how these groups correlate with the nitrogen mineralization process across multi-generation stands remains ***:We investigated the composition and structure of free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms(diazotrophs)by sequencing the marker gene nifH and compared these results to levels of soil nitrogen mineralization in the bulk soil and rhizosphere in black locust plantations on Mount Tai,***:The results showed multi-generation Bl coppice plantations decreased the total soil nitrogen(N),soil phosphorus(P),soil microbial biomass N(MBN),soil microbial biomass C(MBC),soil nitrification rate(Rn),soil ammonification rate(Ra),and net soil N mineralization rate(Rm),but significantly increased the concentration of soil NH_(4þ)-N to maintain sufficient NO_(3)^(-)*** dominant species in bulk soil and rhizosphere changed from Rhodopseudomonas(22.62%and 15.76%),unclassified_c_Alphaproteobacteria(22.37%and 29.28%),unclassified_o_Rhizobiales(15.40%and 13.31%),Bradyrhizobium(12.00%and 11.74%)in seedling plantations to Bradyrhizobium(45.95%and 47.86%)and Rhodopseudomonas(43.56%and 41.84%)in coppice plantations,*** test and Redundancy analysis(RDA)revealed that Rn,Ra,and Rm were the most important factors shaping the diazotrophic ***:Our results suggest that the multi-generation Bl coppice plantation can homogenize soil diazotrophic communities,which is mainly regulated by the available N loss caused by nitrogen *** the management technology of coppice plantations will provide more beneficial external consumption.

关键词： Black locust plantation nifH gene Nitrogen mineralization Coppice Soil nutrient

Fe doped aluminoborate PKU-1 catalysts for the ketalization of glycerol to solketal: Unveiling the effects of iron composition and boron

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Chinese Chemical letters 2022年第3期33卷 1346-1352页

作者： Weilu Wang Xiangke Zeng Yanliu Dang Ping Ouyang Haidong Zhang Guangming Jiang Fan Dong Tao Yang steven l.Suib Yang He Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment Ministry of EducationChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China Institute of Materials Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269United States Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou)&Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Department of Chemical Biological and Materials EngineeringUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33620United States

An inexpensive Fe doped aluminoborate consisted of 18% Fe in PKU-1 material that exhibits high selectivity of 4-hydroxymethy-2,2-dimethyl^(-1),3-dioxolane (Solketal, 98.3%), considerable activity (TOF 51.7 h-1), and recyclable ability in the ketalization of glycerol to Solketal with acetone at 318 K has been developed. Our study demonstrated that the structure of Fe (less agglomerated iron species vs. FeO clusters) can be tuned by changing Fe loading in the PKU-1 material, which correlated well with experimental observations. Furthermore, the surface boron sites were promoted by iron loading and behaved as lewis-acid sites to facilitate the reaction process of glycerol ketalization, while the Solketal selectivity was closely related with the structure of iron species in PKU-1, which was proved by kinetic studies, density function theory (DFT) calculations, and a series of spectroscopy studies. This investigation demonstrates that the surface B sites can play important roles in the reaction instead of being spectators.

关键词： Fe doping aluminoborate Glycerol recycling Ketalization Boron reaction sites lewis-acid dominating catalyst

Reprogramming cholesterol metabolism in macrophages and its role in host defense against cholesterol-dependent cytolysins

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 327-336页

作者： Min-Sub lee steven J.Bensinger Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA

Cholesterol is a critical lipid for all mammalian cells,ensuring proper membrane integrity,fluidity,and biochemical *** evidence indicates that macrophages rapidly and profoundly reprogram their cholesterol metabolism in response to activation signals to support host defense ***,our understanding of the molecular details underlying how and why cholesterol homeostasis is specifically reshaped during immune responses remains less well *** review discusses our current knowledge of cellular cholesterol homeostatic machinery and introduces emerging concepts regarding how plasma membrane cholesterol is partitioned into distinct *** then discuss how proinflammatory signals can markedly reshape the cholesterol metabolism of macrophages,with a focus on the differences between MyD88-dependent pattern recognition receptors and the interferon signaling *** also discuss recent work investigating the capacity of these proinflammatory signals to selectively reshape plasma membrane cholesterol *** examine how these changes in plasma membrane cholesterol metabolism influence sensitivity to a set of microbial pore-forming toxins known as cholesterol-dependent cytolysins that specifically target cholesterol for their effector *** also discuss whether lipid metabolic reprogramming can be leveraged for therapy to mitigate tissue damage mediated by cholesterol-dependent cytolysins in necrotizing fasciitis and other related *** expect that advancing our understanding of the crosstalk between metabolism and innate immunity will help explain how inflammation underlies metabolic diseases and highlight pathways that could be targeted to normalize metabolic homeostasis in disease states.

关键词： Cholesterol Macrophages Innate Immunity Metabolism