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High-energy sodium-ion hybrid capacitors through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitance of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 338-346,I0009页

作者： Wenliang Feng Venkata Sai Avvaru steven JHinder Vinodkumar etacheri IMDeA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Universidad Politécnica de Madrid E.T.S.de Ingenieros de Caminos28040 MadridSpain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente728049 MadridSpain Surface Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Surrey GuildfordSurrey GU27XHUnited Kingdom

Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SICs) have been proposed to bridge performance gaps between batteries and supercapacitors,and thus realize both high energy density and power density in a single ***,applications of SICs are severely restricted by their insufficient energy densities (esulted from the kinetics imbalance between cathodes and ***,we report a nanograin-boundary-rich hierarchical Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode composed of~20 nm *** pseudocapacitance (up to 72%@1.0 mV/s) is achieved through nanograin-boundary-induced pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage ***_(3)O_(4) nanorod anode delivers in this case highly reversible capacity (810 mAh/g@0.025 A/g),excellent rate capability (335 mAh/g@5.0 A/g),and improved cycle stability (100 cycles@1.0 A/g with negligible capacity degradation).The outstanding performance can be credited to the hierarchical morphology of Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods and the well-designed nanograinboundaries between nanocrystallites that avoid particle agglomeration,induce pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage,and accommodate volume variation during sodiation-desodiation *** of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorods not only generates defects for extra surficial Na^(+) storage but also increases the electronic conductivity for efficient charge separation and lowers energy barrier for Na^(+) *** of conventional reaction mechanism and pseudocapacitive-type Na^(+) storage enables high specific capacity,rapid Na^(+) diffusion,and improved structural stability of the Co_(3)O_(4) nanorod *** SIC integrating this highly pseudocapacitive anode and activated carbon cathode delivers exceptional energy density (175 Wh/kg@40 W/kg),power density (6632 W/kg@37 Wh/kg),cycle life (6000 cycles@1.0 A/g with a capacity retention of 81%),and coulombic efficiency (~100%).

关键词： Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor Cobalt oxide nanorod Nanograin-boundary Pseudocapacitance

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Validity of continuous-failure-state unloading triaxial tests as a means to estimate the residual strength of rocks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2021年第4期13卷 717-726页

作者： Gabriel Walton steven Gaines Leandro R.Alejano Department of Geology and engineering Geology Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA Natural Resources Canada CanmetMININGOttawaOntarioK1A 1M1Canada Department of Natural Resources and environmental engineering Universidad de VigoVigo36310Spain

The residual strength of rocks and rock masses is an important parameter to be constrained for analysis and design purposes in many rock engineering applications.A residual strength envelope in principal stress space is typically developed using residual strength data obtained from compression tests on many different specimens of the same rock *** this study,we examined the potential for use of the continuous-failure-state testing concept as a means to constrain the residual strength envelope using a limited number of ***,cylindrical specimens of three rock types(granodiorite,diabase,and Stanstead granite)were unloaded at the residual state such that a full residual strength envelope for each individual specimen was *** a residual strength model that introduces a single new strength parameter(the residual strength index,or RSI),the results of the continuous-failurestate unloading tests were compared to conventionally obtained residual strength ***,the continuous-failure-state residual strength data were found to be consistent with the conventional residual strength ***,it was identified that the primary factor limiting an accurate characterization of the residual strength for a given rock type is not the amount of data for a given specimen,but the variety of specimens available to characterize the inherent variability of the rock unit of ***,the use of continuous-failure-state testing for estimation of the residual strength of a rock unit is only recommended when the number of specimens available for testing is very limited(i.e.<5).

关键词： Residual strength Continuous-failure-state testing Compression testing Brittle rock mechanics

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A hybrid Monte Carlo study of bond-stretching electron–phonon interactions and charge order in BaBiO_(3)

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1950-1958页

作者： Benjamin Cohen-Stead Kipton Barros Richard Scalettar steven Johnston Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Theoretical Division and CNLS Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

The relationship between electron–phonon(e-ph)interactions and charge-density-wave(CDW)order in the bismuthate family of high-temperature superconductors remains *** address this question using nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations for the parent compound BaBiO_(3).Our model includes the Bi 6s and O 2pσorbitals and coupling to the Bi-O bond-stretching branch of optical phonons via modulations of the Bi-O hopping *** simulate three-dimensional clusters of up to 4000 orbitals,with input model parameters taken from ab initio electronic structure calculations and a phonon energyℏΩ0=60 *** results demonstrate that the coupling to the bond-stretching modes is sufficient to reproduce the CDW transition in this system,despite a relatively small dimensionless *** also find that the transition deviates from the weak-coupling Peierls’*** work demonstrates that off-diagonal e-ph interactions in orbital space are vital in establishing the bismuthate phase diagram.

关键词： stretching phonon charge

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Association of types of diabetes and insulin dependency on birth outcomes

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第7期10卷 2147-2158页

作者： Pamela K Xaverius steven W Howard Deborah Kiel Jerry e Thurman ethan Wankum Catherine Carter Clairy Fang Romi Carriere Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMO 63104United States Department of Health Management and Policy Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMO 63104United States Department of endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSSM HealthSt.CharlesMO 63303United States Division of epidemiology Institute for Health and EquityMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Department of epidemiology Fielding School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States Population Health Sciences Institute Centre for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneEngland NE45PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Diabetes rates among pregnant women in the United States have been increasing and are associated with adverse pregnancy *** To investigate differences in birth outcomes(preterm birth,macrosomia,and neonatal death)by diabetes *** Cross-sectional design,using linked Missouri birth and death certificates(singleton births only),2010 to 2012(n=204057).exposure was diabetes non-diabetic,pre-pregnancy diabetes-insulin dependent(PD-I),pre-pregnancy diabetes-non-insulin dependent(PD-NI),gestational diabetes-insulin dependent(GD-I),and gestational diabetes-non-insulin dependent(GD-NI).Outcomes included preterm birth,macrosomia,and infant *** included demographic characteristics,adequacy of prenatal care,body mass index,smoking,hypertension,and previous preterm *** and multivariate logistic regression assessed differences in outcomes by diabetes *** Women with PD-I,PD-NI,and GD-I remained at a significantly increased odds for preterm birth(aOR 2.87,aOR 1.77,and aOR 1.73,respectively)and having a very large baby[macrosomia](aOR 3.01,aOR 2.12,and aOR 1.96,respectively);in reference to non-diabetic *** with GDNI were at a significantly increased risk for macrosomia(aOR1.53),decreased risk for their baby to die before their first birthday(aOR 0.41)and no difference in risk for preterm birth in reference to non-diabetic *** Diabetes is associated with the poor birth *** management of diabetes during pregnancy and healthy lifestyle behaviors before pregnancy can reduce the risk for diabetes and poor birth outcomes.

关键词： epidemiology Pregnancy Health care delivery Birth outcomes Gestational diabetes Insulin

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Prophylactic fixation of the unaffected contralateral side in children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis seems favorable:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 515-527页

作者： steven J C Vink Renée A van Stralen Sophie Moerman Christiaan J A van Bergen Department of Orthopedic Surgery Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713GZNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amphia HospitalBreda 4818CKNetherlands

BACKGROUND Slipped capital femoral epiphysis(SCFe)occurs in adolescents and has an incidence of around 10 per 100000 *** presenting with a unilateral SCFe are 2335 times more likely to develop a contralateral SCFe than the general *** factors that have been suggested to increase the risk of contralateral slip include a younger patient,an underlying endocrine disorder,growth hormone use and a higher radiographic posterior sloping ***,there is still much debate on the advantages and disadvantages of prophylactic fixation of the unaffected side in an otherwise healthy *** To investigate the risk rate of contralateral SCFe and assess the(dis)advantages of prophylactic fixation of the contralateral *** A systematic literature search was performed in the embase,Medline,Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane *** terms included‘slipped capital femoral epiphysis,’‘fixation,’‘contralateral,’and *** eligibility of the acquired articles was independently assessed by the authors and additional relevant articles were included through *** were considered eligible for inclusion if they presented data about otherwise healthy children with primarily unilateral SCFe and the outcomes of prophylactically pinning their unaffected side,or about the rates of contralateral slips and complications *** study quality of the included articles was assessed independently by the authors by means of the methodological index for non-randomized studies *** Of 293 identified unique publications,we included 26 studies with a total of 12897 patients.1762 patients(14%)developed a subsequent symptomatic contralateral *** addition,38%of patients developed a subsequent slip on the contralateral side without experiencing clinical *** most outspoken advantage of prophylactic fixation of the contralateral hip in the literature is prevention of an(asymptomatic)slip

关键词： Slipped capital femoral epiphysis Primary prevention Postoperative complications Risk factors Radiography

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Numerical Simulation of Time-Harmonic Waves in Inhomogeneous Media using Compact High Order Schemes

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第3期9卷 520-541页

作者： steven Britt Semyon Tsynkov eli Turkel Department of Mathematics North Carolina State UniversityBox 8205RaleighNC 27695USA School of Mathematical Sciences Tel Aviv UniversityRamat AvivTel Aviv 69978Israel

In many problems,one wishes to solve the Helmholtz equation with variable coefficients within the Laplacian-like term and use a high order accurate method(e.g.,fourth order accurate)to alleviate the points-per-wavelength constraint by reducing the dispersion *** variation of coefficients in the equation may be due to an inhomogeneous medium and/or non-Cartesian *** renders existing fourth order finite difference methods *** develop a new compact scheme that is provably fourth order accurate even for these *** present numerical results that corroborate the fourth order convergence rate for several model problems.

关键词： Helmholtz equation variable coefficients high order accuracy compact finite differences

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Diabetes pathogenesis and management:the endothelium comes of age

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2021年第7期13卷 500-512页

作者： Kaitlin M.Love eugene J.Barrett steven K.Malin Jane e.B.Reusch Judith G.Regensteiner Zhenqi Liu Division of endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of Virginia Health SystemCharlottesvilleVA 22908USA Department of Kinesiology and Health Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Division of endocrinology Metabolism and NutritionRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA New Jersey Institute for Food Nutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Institute of Translational Medicine and Research Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA Center for Women’s Health Research University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCOUSA Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center AuroraCOUSA

endothelium,acting as a barrier,protects tissues against factors that provoke insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and itself responds to the insult of insulin resistance inducers with altered *** insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction occur early in the evolution of insulin resistance-related disease,can co-exist with and even contribute to the development of metabolic insulin resistance,and promote vascular complications in those *** impact of endothelial insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction varies depending on the blood vessel size and location,resulting in decreased arterial plasticity,increased atherosclerosis and vascular resistance,and decreased tissue *** with insulin resistance and diabetes are disproportionately impacted by cardiovascular disease,likely related to differential sex-hormone endothelium ***,reducing endothelial insulin resistance and improving endothelial function in the conduit arteries may reduce atherosclerotic complications,in the resistance arteries lead to better blood pressure control,and in the microvasculature lead to less microvascular complications and more effective tissue *** diabetes therapeutic modalities,including medications and exercise training,improve endothelial insulin action and vascular *** action may delay the onset of type 2 diabetes and/or its complications,making the vascular endothelium an attractive therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and potentially type 1 diabetes.

关键词： diabetes insulin resistance endothelium vascular function

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Artificial intelligence-based anomaly detection of the Assen iron deposit in South Africa using remote sensing data from the Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2022年第1期3卷 71-85页

作者： Glen T.Nwaila steven e.Zhang Julie e.Bourdeau Yousef Ghorbani emmanuel John M.Carranza Wits Mining Institute University of the Witwatersrand1 Jan Smuts Ave.Johannesburg2000South Africa Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth StreetOttawaOntarioK1A 0E8Canada Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources EngineeringLuleåUniversity of TechnologySE–97187LuleåSweden Department of Geology University of the Free State205 Nelson Mandela DrBloemfontein9301South Africa

Most known mineral deposits were discovered by accident using expensive,time-consuming,and knowledgebased methods such as stream sediment geochemical data,diamond drilling,reconnaissance geochemical and geophysical surveys,and/or remote *** years have seen a decrease in the number of newly discovered mineral deposits and a rise in demand for critical raw materials,prompting exploration geologists to seek more efficient and inventive ways for processing various data types at different phases of mineral *** sensing is one of the most sought-after tools for early-phase mineral prospecting because of its broad coverage and low *** sensing images from satellites are publicly available and can be utilised for lithological mapping and mineral *** this study,we extend an artificial intelligence-based,unsupervised anomaly detection method to identify iron deposit occurrence using Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)satellite imagery and machine *** novelty in our method includes:(1)knowledge-guided and unsupervised anomaly detection that does not assume any specific anomaly signatures;(2)detection of anomalies occurs only in the variable domain;and(3)a choice of a range of machine learning algorithms to balance between explain-ability and *** new unsupervised method detects anomalies through three successive stages,namely(a)stage Ⅰ–acquisition of satellite imagery,data processing and selection of bands,(b)stage Ⅱ–predictive modelling and anomaly detection,and(c)stage Ⅲ–construction of anomaly maps and *** this study,the new method was tested over the Assen iron deposit in the Transvaal Supergroup(South Africa).It detected both the known areas of the Assen iron deposit and additional deposit occurrence features around the Assen iron mine that were not *** summarise the anomalies in the area,principal component analysis was used on the reconstruction errors across all modelled *** method en

关键词： Anomaly detection Iron deposit Lansat-8 Remote sensing Machine learning exploration Prospecting

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Hemoglobin Adducts as Biomarkers of exposure to and metabolic Activation of Carcinogenic Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 1991年第Z1期 93-103页

作者： STePHeN S.HeCHT,steven G.CARMeLLA,SHARON e.MURPHY Dana Road American Health Foundation Valhalla Dana Road American Health Foundation Valhalla Dana Road American Health Foundation Valhalla New York 10595 New York 10595 New York 10595

The carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) form hemoglobin adducts in laboratory animals and humans. These adducts release 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) upon mild base hydrolysis. HPB released from human hemoglobin can be quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It is the only available biochemical marker for determination of exposure to, and metabolic activation of, carcinogens present only in tobacco. Levels of HPB were highest in snuff-dippers, followed by smokers and nonsmokers. Large interindividual variations in adduct levels were observed. The relationship between HPB levels in globin and DNA of rats treated with NNK has been investigated in order to aid in interpretation of the data from humans. These studies have provided the initial database for understanding the metabolic activation of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in humans.

关键词： Hemoglobin Adducts as Biomarkers of exposure to and metabolic Activation of Carcinogenic Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines

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The characteristics, origins, and geodynamic settings of supergiant gold metallogenic provinces

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Science China earth Sciences 2000年第S1期43卷 1-68页

作者： Robert Kerrich Richard Goldfarb David Groves steven Garwin Department of Geological Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2 Canada United States Geological Survey Box 25046 MS 964 Denver Federal Center Denver CO 80225-0046 USA Centre for Strategic Mineral Resources Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Western Australia Nedlands 6907 Western Australia Newmont Mining Corporation 1700 Lincoln Street Denver Colorado 80203 USA Correspondence should be addressed to Kerrich

There are six distinct classes of gold deposits, each represented by metallogenic provinces, having 100's to > 1 000 tonne gold production. The deposit classes are: (1) erogenic gold; (2) Carlin and Carlin-like gold deposits; (3) epithermal gold-silver deposits; (4) copper-gold porphyry deposits; (5) iron-oxide copper-gold deposits; and (6) gold-rich volcanic hosted massive sul-fide (VMS) to sedimentary exhalative (SeDeX) deposits. This classification is based on ore and alteration mineral assemblages; ore and alteration metal budgets; ore fluid pressure(s) and compositions; crustal depth or depth ranges of formation; relationship to structures and/or magmatic intrusions at a variety of scales; and relationship to the P-T-t evolution of the host terrane. These classes reflect distinct geodynamic settings. Orogenic gold deposits are generated at mid-crustal (4-16 km) levels proximal to terrane boundaries, in transpressional subduction-accretion complexes of Cordilleran style erogenic belts; other orogenic gold provinces form inboard by delamina-tion of mantle lithosphere, or plume impingement. Carlin and Carlin-like gold deposits develop at shallow crustal levels (extensional convergent margin continental arcs or back arcs; some provinces may involve asthenosphere plume impingement on the base of the lithosphere. epithermal gold and copper-gold porphyry deposits are sited at shallow crustal levels in continental margin or intraoceanic arcs. Iron oxide copper-gold deposits form at mid to shallow crustal levels; they are associated with extensional intracratonic anorogenic magmatism. Proterozoic examples are sited at the transition from thick refractory Archean mantle lithosphere to thinner Proterozoic mantle lithosphere. Gold-rich VMS deposits are hydrothermal accumulations on or near the sea-floor in continental or intraoceanic back arcs.The compressional tectonics of orogenic gold deposits is generated by terrane accretion; high heat flow stems

关键词： gold deposit orogenic gold deposit geodynamics tectonic setting supercontinent.

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