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Lipid concentration and composition in xylem sap of woody angiosperms from a tropical savanna and a seasonal rainforest

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 126-133页

作者： Ling-Bo Huang Xinyi Guan Amy Ny Aina Aritsara Jun-Jie Zhu steven Jansen Kun-Fang cao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ConservationGuangxi UniversityDaxuedong Road 100NanningGuangxi 530004China Institute of Botany Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 11Ulm89081Germany

Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem *** studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have adaptational significance in tropical *** this study,we quantify the lipid composition of xylem sap for angiosperm species from a tropical savanna(seven species)and a seasonal rainforest(five species)using mass *** found that all twelve species studied contained lipids in their xylem sap,including galactolipids,phospholipids and triacylglycerol,with a total lipid concentration ranging from 0.09 to 0.26 nmol/*** was no difference in lipid concentration or composition between plants from the two sites,and the lipid concentration was negatively related to species’open vessel ***,savanna species showed little variation in lipid composition between the dry and the rainy *** results support the hypothesis that xylem sap lipids are derived from the cytoplasm of individual conduit cells,remain trapped inside individual conduits,and undergo few changes in composition over consecutive seasons.A xylem sap lipidomic data set,which includes 12 tropical tree species from this study and 11 temperate tree species from literature,revealed no phylogenetic signals in lipid composition for these *** study fills a knowledge gap in the lipid content of xylem sap in tropical trees and provides additional support for their common distribution in xylem sap of woody *** appears that xylem sap lipids have no adaptive significance.

关键词： Xylem sap Lipids Tropical savanna Tropical rainforest Vessels

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Oxygen uptake response to switching stairs exercise by non-parametric modeling

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 315-325页

作者： Hairong Yu Chenyu Zhang Kai cao Hamzah M.Alqudah steven Weidong Su Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education and the School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096JiangsuChina College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Science Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan250117ShandongChina Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW2007Australia

Oxygen uptake plays a crucial role in the evaluation of endurance performance during exercise and is extensively utilized for metabolic assessment. This study records the oxygen uptake during the exercise phase (i.e., ascending or descending) of the stair exercise, utilizing an experimental dataset that includes ten participants and covers various exercise periods. Based on the designed experiment protocol, a non-parametric modeling method with kernel-based regularization is generally applied to estimate the oxygen uptake changes during the switching stairs exercise, which closely resembles daily life activities. The modeling results indicate the effectiveness of the non-parametric modeling approach when compared to fixed-order models in terms of accuracy, stability, and compatibility. The influence of exercise duration on estimated fitness reveals that the model of the phase-oxygen uptake system is not time-invariant related to respiratory metabolism regulation and muscle fatigue. Consequently, it allows us to study the humans’ conversion mechanism at different metabolic rates and facilitates the standardization and development of exercise prescriptions.

关键词： Non-parametric modeling Interval stair training exercise Kernel method.Cardiorespiratory response Oxygen uptake

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Elaborations of the influencing factors on the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols in a heavily polluted urban area of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 406-417页

作者： Shuang Wang Qiyuan Wang Ting Zhang Suixin Liu steven Sai Hang Ho Jie Tian Hui Su Yong Zhang Luyao Wang Tingting Wu Junji cao School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNevada89512United States Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory KowloonHong Kong SARChina Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In this study,online water-soluble inorganic ions were detected to deduce the formation mechanism of secondary inorganic aerosol in Xianyang,China during *** dominant inorganic ions of sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))(the sum of those is abbreviated as SNA)accounted for 17%,21%,and 12% of PM_(2.5)mass,*** the air quality deteriorated from excellent to poor grades,the precursor gas sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))of SO_(4)^(2-)increased and then decreased with a fluctuation,while nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))and ammonia(NH_(3)),precursors of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),and SNA show increasing *** factors including boundary layer height(BLH),temperature,and wind speed also show decline trends,except relative humidity(RH).Meanwhile,the secondary conversion ratio shows a remarkable increasing trend,indicating that there was a strong secondary *** the perspective of chemical mechanisms,RH is positively correlated with sulfur oxidation ratios(SOR),nitrogen oxidation ratios(NOR),and ammonia conversion ratios,representing that the increase of humidity could promote the generation of ***,SOR and NOR were also positively related to the *** the one hand,the low wind speed and BLH led to the accumulation of *** the other hand,the increases of RH and ammonia promoted more formations of SNA and PM_(2.5).The results advance our identification of the contributors to the haze episodes and assist to establish more efficient emission controls in Xianyang,in addition to other cities with similar emission and geographical characteristics.

关键词： Haze episodes Secondary inorganic aerosol Secondary conversion ratio Meteorological factors

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Growth of nitrate contribution to aerosol pollution during wintertime in Xi'an,northwest China:Formation mechanism and effects of NH_(3)

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 303-315页

作者： Hui Su Ting Zhang Suixin Liu Yao Qu Huan Li Jiamao Zhou Zhuzi Zhao Qiyuan Wang Lu Li Minxia Shen Shuoyuan Chen steven Sai Hang Ho Junji cao State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology.Key Laboratory ofAerosol Chemistry and Plhysics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Acadery of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China National pbservation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Cornprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi'an 710061China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Atmospheric and Haze fog Pollution Prevention Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteReno NV89512United States Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

With the strengthened controls on SO2 emissions and extensive increases in motor vehicles'exhaust,aerosol pollution shifts from sulfate-rich to nitrate-rich in recent years in Xi'an,*** further gain insights into the factors on nitrate formation and efficiently mitigate air pollution,highly time-resolved observations of water-soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs)in PM_(2.5) were measured in a suburban area of Xi'an,China during *** concentration of total WSIIs is 39.8μg m-3 on average,accounting for 50.3%of PM_(2.5) *** contrast to a slight decrease in the mass fraction of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)-shows a sig-nificant increase of the PM_(2.5) contribution with the aggravation of aerosol *** suggests the importance of NO_(3)-formation to haze ***,homogeneous reactions govern the formation of NO_(3)-,while alkali metals such as calcium and sodium play an additional role in retaining NO_(3)-in PM_(2.5) during clean ***,the heterogeneous hydrolysis reaction contributed more to NO_(3)-formation during the pollution periods under high relative *** investigation reveals that temperature,relative humidity,oxidant,and ammonia emissions facilitate rapid NO_(3)-*** the random forest(RF)model,NO_(3)-concentrations were successfully simulated with measured variables for the training and testing datasets(R2>0.95).Among these variables,CO,NH_(3),and NO_(2) were found to be the main factors affecting the NO_(3)-*** with the period without vehicle re-striction,the contributions of NO_(3)-and NH4+to PM_(2.5) mass decreased by 5.3%and 3.4%in traffic re-striction periods,*** vehicle restriction leads to the decreases of precursor gases of NO_(2),SO_(2),and NH_(3) by 12.8%,5.9%,and 27.6%,*** results demonstrate collaborative emission reduction of NO_(x) and NH_(3) by vehicle restrictions,and using new energy vehicles(or electric vehicles)can effectively alleviate particul

关键词： PM_(2.5) Water-soluble inorganic ions Nitrate formation Excess ammonium Vehicle restrictions

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A multiple-tissue-specific magnetic resonance imaging model for diagnosing Parkinson’s disease: a brain radiomics study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2743-2749页

作者： Xiao-Jun Guan Tao Guo Cheng Zhou Ting Gao Jing-Jing Wu Victor Han steven cao Hong-Jiang Wei Yu-Yao Zhang Min Xuan Quan-Quan Gu Pei-Yu Huang Chun-Lei Liu Jia-Li Pu Bao-Rong Zhang Feng Cui Xiao-Jun Xu Min-Ming Zhang Department of Radiology the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Neurology the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Institute for Medical Imaging Technology School of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Radiology Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Brain radiomics can reflect the characteristics of brain ***,the value of T1-weighted images,quantitative susceptibility mapping,and R2*mapping in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease(PD)was underestimated in previous *** this prospective study to establish a model for PD diagnosis based on brain imaging information,we collected high-resolution T1-weighted images,R2*mapping,and quantitative susceptibility imaging data from 171 patients with PD and 179 healthy controls recruited from August 2014 to August *** to the inclusion time,123 PD patients and 121 healthy controls were assigned to train the diagnostic model,while the remaining 106 subjects were assigned to the external validation *** extracted 1408 radiomics features,and then used data-driven feature selection to identify informative features that were significant for discriminating patients with PD from normal controls on the training *** informative features so identified were then used to construct a diagnostic model for *** constructed model contained 36 informative radiomics features,mainly representing abnormal subcortical iron distribution(especially in the substantia nigra),structural disorganization(e.g.,in the inferior temporal,paracentral,precuneus,insula,and precentral gyri),and texture misalignment in the subcortical nuclei(e.g.,caudate,globus pallidus,and thalamus).The predictive accuracy of the established model was 81.1±8.0%in the training *** the external validation dataset,the established model showed predictive accuracy of 78.5±2.1%.In the tests of identifying early and drug-naïve PD patients from healthy controls,the accuracies of the model constructed on the same 36 informative features were 80.3±7.1%and 79.1±6.5%,respectively,while the accuracies were 80.4±6.3%and 82.9±5.8%for diagnosing middle-to-late PD and those receiving drug management,*** accuracies for predicting tremor-dominant and non-tremor-dominant PD w

关键词： diagnosis imaging biomarker iron magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging Parkinson’s disease quantitative susceptibility mapping R2*mapping radiomics T1-weighted imaging

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Surrogate atmospheric dust particles generated from dune soils in laboratory: Comparison with field measurement

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Particuology 2023年第1期72卷 29-36页

作者： Feng Wu Na Song Tafeng Hu steven Sai Hang Ho Junji cao Daizhou Zhang State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of KumamotoKumamoto 862-8502Japan Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512United States

Desert dust strongly influences the climate and the environment by altering the radiation budget, participating in atmospheric chemical reactions, and engaging the biogeochemical cycle. Studying its impacts requires knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of the original particles from the source origin. Unfortunately, the field collection of atmospheric samples in the desert is impractical. Fine surface soil is thus considered an alternative material from which to obtain the information applicable to dust particles from the desert soil. In this study, a laboratory system was set up to generate dust particles with simulated natural wind erosion processes from surface soils or directly from desert surfaces. Surface soils and field dust were simultaneously collected during a local blowing dust event. The comparison between the laboratory-generated dust and the field dust showed a consistent trend in particle size distribution and chemical composition. The chemical compositions were found to have explainable differences with the Certified Reference Materials for Asian dust (CJ-2). The laboratory-generated dust particles with the system could be applied as surrogates for soil-emitted dust in desert areas.

关键词： Laboratory dust simulation system Asian dust Source profiles Particle sizes Chemical compositions

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知觉锚固——一种源于体验又归于体验的建筑设计方法

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新建筑 2024年第1期 53-57页

作者：庞博宇曹海婴合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院合肥230601

知觉现象学作为从主观感性体验出发的本体论和认识论,难以直接指向客观理性的设计方法论,这也是当代“知觉现象学”建筑作品设计手法较难解译的原因。文章结合梅洛-庞蒂“知觉现象学”与斯蒂文·霍尔“锚固”的概念,提出“知觉锚固”是... 详细信息

知觉现象学作为从主观感性体验出发的本体论和认识论,难以直接指向客观理性的设计方法论,这也是当代“知觉现象学”建筑作品设计手法较难解译的原因。文章结合梅洛-庞蒂“知觉现象学”与斯蒂文·霍尔“锚固”的概念,提出“知觉锚固”是现象学设计方法的起点,进而指出循由“触感—聚焦—身体图式”的实体体验设计操作,以及循由“延伸—暗示—叙事”的精神体验设计操作,最终将知觉锚固转化为理解和设计建筑作品的途径,以期解译基于知觉现象学的设计手法。

关键词：知觉现象学知觉锚固体感体验精神体验设计手法

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Location patterns of urban industry in Shanghai and implications for sustainability

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第7期27卷 857-878页

作者： cao Weidong LI Yingying CHENG Jianquan steven MILLINGTON College of Territorial Resources and Tourism Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241003 Anhui China Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environmental Change and Resources Utilization under Ministry of Education Guangxi Teachers Education University Nanning 530001 China School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU) Chester Street Manchester M1 5GD UK

China＇s economy has undergone rapid transition and industrial restructuring. The term ＂urban industry＂ describes a particular type of industry within Chinese cities experiencing restructuring. Given the high percentage of industrial firms that have either closed or relo- cated from city centres to the urban fringe and beyond, emergent global cities such as Shanghai, are implementing strategies for local economic and urban development, which involve urban industrial upgrading numerous firms in the city centre and urban fringe. This study aims to analyze the location patterns of seven urban industrial sectors within the Shanghai urban region using 2008 micro-geography data. To avoid Modifiable Areal Unit Problem （MAUP） issue, four distance-based measures including nearest neighbourhood analysis, Kernel density estimation, K-function and co-location quotient have been exten- sively applied to analyze and compare the concentration and co-location between the seven sectors. The results reveal disparate patterns varying with distance and interesting co-location as well. The results are as follows： the city centre and the urban fringe have the highest intensity of urban industrial firms, but the zones with 20-30 km from the city centre is a watershed for most categories; the degree of concentration varies with distance, weaker at shorter distance, increasing up to the maximum distance of 30 km and then decreasing until 50 km; for all urban industries, there are three types of patterns, mixture of clustered, random and dispersed distribution at a varied range of distances. Consequently, this paper argues that the location pattern of urban industry reflects the stage-specific industrial restructuring and spatial transformation, conditioned by sustainability objectives.

关键词： urban industry industrial location pattern co-location quotient K-function Shanghai

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Characteristics of PM_(2.5) and Its Reactive Oxygen Species in Heating Energy Transition and Estimation of Its Impact on the Environment and Health in China——A Case Study in the Fenwei Plain

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第7期40卷 1175-1186页

作者： Zexuan WANG Hongmei XU Rong FENG Yunxuan GU Jian SUN Suixin LIU Ningning ZHANG Dan LI Tao WANG Linli QU steven Sai Hang HO Zhenxing SHEN Junji cao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(SKLLQG) Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry&PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Agricultural Technology&Extension Central of Xi'an City Xi’an 710061China Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory KowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region(SAR)China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512United States

To reduce the adverse effects of traditional domestic solid fuel,the central government began implementing a clean heating policy in northern China in *** coal is an alternative low-cost fuel for rural households at the present *** this study,18 households that used lump coal,biomass,and clean coal as the main fuel were selected to evaluate the benefits of clean heating transformation in Tongchuan,an energy city in the Fenwei Plain,*** indoor and personal exposure(PE)samples of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))were synchronically *** with the lump coal and biomass groups,the indoor PM_(2.5)concentration in the clean coal group is 43.6%and 20.0%lower,respectively,while the values are 16.8%and 21.3%lower,respectively,in the personal exposure ***_(2.5)-bound elements Cd,Ni,Zn,and Mn strongly correlated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in all fuel groups,indicating that transition metals are the principal components to generate oxidative *** a reliable estimation method,it is predicted that after the substitution of clean coal as a household fuel,the all-cause,cardiovascular,and respiratory disease that causes female deaths per year could be reduced by 16,6,and 3,respectively,in the lump coal group,and 22,8,and 3,respectively,in the biomass *** though the promotion of clean coal has led to impressive environmental and health benefits,the efficiencies are still *** environmental-friendly energy sources must be promoted in the rural regions of China.

关键词： clean energy transition solid fuel combustion PM_(2.5) ROS Fenwei Plain

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Plant photosystem Ⅱ assembly:TROL2 to the rescue

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Molecular Plant 2023年第11期16卷 1719-1721页

作者： Sujith Puthiyaveetil steven D.McKenzie Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LatayetteIN 47907USA

In one of the most consequential biochemical reactions on earth,a pigment-protein complex known as photosystem Ⅱ(PSⅡ)in photosynthesis extracts electrons,protons,and oxygen from water using energy from ***Ⅱ thereby sustains life on earth by harnessing the potential of two nearly inexhaustible raw materials:sunlight and *** plant PSllis a membrane-embedded *** monomer consists of around 28 unique protein subunits,157 chlorophylls,44 carotenoids,2 pheophytins,a heme,a non-heme iron,two quinones,and a Mn_(4)cao_(5) cluster(Su et al.,2017;cao et al.,2018).Within each monomeric complex,20 protein subunits constitute a core(Figure 1A).

关键词： Figure earth thereby

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