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Long-term antifibrotic action of interferon-γ treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 151-157页

作者： Peter R Mertens steven Dooley Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Otto-von-Guericke-University First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Molecular Hepatology-Alcohol Dependent Diseases II. Medical Clinic Faculty of Medicine at MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg

BAcKGROUND:The first priority in treating fibrosis is to eliminate the causes that result in liver injury,e.g.,hepatitis B and c ***,in many liver diseases the cause is either unknown or *** present study was designed to investigate the long-term antifibrotic effect of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)treatment in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. METHODS:A total of 42 patients,30 treated with IFN-γand 12 controls,were enrolled from an original clinical trial(clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:819.).Three serial liver biopsies that were obtained at the initiation and end of IFN-γtreatment as well as 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation were assessed according to the modified chevallier scoring system. RESULTS:Twenty-five out of 30 IFN-γ-treated patients were followed up until 4 to 6 years after the treatment was stopped. However,all controls were excluded from follow-up due to death,loss and elevated virus level within 2 ***-five IFN-γ-treated patients had stable serum liver function and liver fibrosis indices without any further antiviral or anti-fibrotic *** inflammatory and fibrotic scores were found after nine months of IFN-γtreatment according to the modified chevallier scoring system(inflammation:11.8±6.5 at the beginning of IFN-γtreatment vs.9.2±4.1 after 9 months, Pccepted a third serial liver biopsy 4 to 6 years after treatment discontinuation,and the fibrotic score was increased(14.2±8.3 vs.11.9±7.6 after 9 months, PcONcLUSIONS:Nine-month IFN-γtreatment significantly improves the fibrosis score in patients with chronic HBV *** majority of patients demonstrate stable serum biochemical indices and quality of ***,they do not show a long-term benefit according to histological criteria. Given the limited sample size,long-term IFN-γtreatment regimens should be assessed in further

关键词： hepatic stellate cells hepatitis B virus liver fibrosis inflammation interferon-gamma

Unintended Baggage？ Rethinking Yuanwu Keqin＇s View of the Role of Language in chan Gongan Discourse

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Frontiers of History in china 2013年第3期8卷 316-341页

作者： steven Heine Florida International University Miami FL 33199 USA

This essay argues that the distinctive literary voice of Yuanwu Keqin in Biyanlu is generally overlooked or blurred with the source materials. It seeks to understand Yuanwu＇s view of chan rhetoric seen in relation to Xuedou＇s original verse comments. In one of Yuanwu＇s prose remarks, he stakes out his view of the role of language in gongan discourse by valorizing the verse comments of Xuedou. But other passages stress that there is a difference between verse and prose commentary, or view both styles as positive. By engaging the views of other recent scholars, this essay demonstrates that it is crucial to see that from the start of his collection Yuanwu emphasizes the innate limitations of discourse, while at the same time shows how an appropriate use of rhetoric can be useful and necessary as a heuristic tool to guide disciples.

关键词： Yuanwu Keqin Song Biyanlu doubt huatou geteng

The Representation of Semiotic Structures in Language

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2021年第2期7卷 1-85页

作者： steven Bonta cornell University United States

Based on previous published work on(Mandarin)chinese,and following a discussion of the properties of the Peircean ontological categories Firstness,Secondness,and Thirdness(as well as their"degenerate"or derivative versions)and their applicability to sign systems,in general,I examine evidence for paradigmatic and syntagmatic structuring,conditioned by these categories,in Mandarin chinese,Sora,Tamil,and Sanskrit,languages chosen because of the typological divergence amongst them,and because of the author's familiarity with them and with their respective cultural *** paradigmatic and syntagmatic structures identified arise in the presence of what I term positive and negative conditioning constraints arising from the categories themselves,and which are shown to operate at three different levels in language,the morphosyntactic,the lexical,and the *** of this,a methodology grounded in Peircean semiotic structures is shown to have the explanatory potential to allow for a unified model of language structure,in general.

关键词： Peirce Peircean categories Peircean Sign Peircean semiotics semiotic structures semiotic grammar linguistic semiotics

A Policy Perspective on Outward Foreign Direct Investment by chinese State-Owned Enterprises

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Frontiers of Economics in china-Selected Publications from chinese Universities 2016年第4期11卷 537-547页

作者： steven Globerman college of Business and Economics Western Washington University Bellingham WA 98225 USA The Fraser Institute

A growing number of developed country governments in recent years have adopted a hostile attitude towards foreign direct investments undertaken in their markets by state-owned enterprises （SOEs）, the latter often based in china. The broad reason for this hostility is the belief that state-owned enterprises pursue non-commercial objectives with resulting damage to host economies. This paper argues that the empirical evidence shows SOEs are increasingly exhibiting market-owned behavior. Furthermore, any adverse consequences of non-commercial behavior are likely to be realized primarily by the SOEs themselves.

关键词： state-owned enterprises china acquisitions non-commercialobjectives unfair competition

Aye,Two:Langston Hughes’s Sandburgian-Whitmanian Affirmation

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Journal of Foreign Languages and cultures 2019年第1期3卷 39-48页

作者： steven Tracy University of Massachusetts

Langston Hughes’s work must be seen in context and continuity not only with African American writers like Paul Laurence Dunbar,*** Bois,and James Weldon Johnson,but with acknowledged white forebears such as Walt Whitman and carl Sandburg.A look at poems by Whitman and Sandburg reveal a writer who modeled some of his work on the writings of the earlier poets,revealing his own aesthetic alterations to the work of these earlier writers and establishing his contribution to the American traditions of poetry.

关键词： folk identity “Negro ”Democratic Bard

The Peircean Sign as a Model for Interpreting Semiotic Structures in Mandarin chinese

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2020年第1期6卷 1-30页

作者： steven Bonta linguistics Cornell University United States

The notion that language is a system of signs is explored in the context of Mandarin *** use the Peircean Sign,derived from the Peircean ontological categories Firstness,Secondness,and Thirdness,as an interpretive *** Mandarin chinese is both well-documented and comparatively opaque to foreign influences,it presents an ideal case study for the formation of semiotic structures based on the operation of a single Peircean category-sign(in contrast to English,which,with much higher levels of foreign contact-induced change,would be expected to involve a broad mixture of various semiotic influences).We examine semiotic structures in chinese at the featural/phonological,lexical,and morphosyntactic levels,as well as the inventory of written *** conclude that the primary constraint that conditions semiotic structures in chinese is the Peircean category Firstness of Secondness/[12].We also show how this conditioning constraint imposes a semiotic and structural consistency across different levels of language,and how it helps to explain certain evolutionary characteristics of chinese.

关键词： charles Sanders Peirce linguistic semiotics chinese linguistics semiotic structures semiotics semiotic systems Peircean categories

Strigolactones redefine plant hormones

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2016年第10期59卷 1083-1085页

作者： Lu Wang steven M.Smith School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of sciences

A commonly accepted view of plant growth hormones is that their interaction with the cognate receptor protein is reversible, so that each hormone molecule can potentially interact multiple times with a receptor and so either amplify the hormone signal or maintain it over an extended period of time. The signal can be ＇cancelled＇ by degrading the hormone. Strigolactones present us with a potentially new paradigm. The receptor is a serine hydrolase-type protein which attacks the strigolactone resulting in covalent modi- fication of the receptor, while at the same time destroying the hormone. Strigolactone is apparently a one-use ＇dispos- able＇ hormone.

关键词：植物激素受体蛋白定义植物生长激素相互作用激素信号酸水解

A Field Observation and Significant Range Extension of Manouria impressa in Myanmar

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第4期7卷 295-297页

作者： Saw HTUN steven G. PLATT Wildlife conservation Society Myanmar Program Office Block C- 1 Aye Yeik Mon 1st Street Hlaing Township YangonMyanmar

Few records of the impressed tortoise （Manouria impressa） are available from Myanmar and most are based on historic accounts, old museum specimens, and shells obtained from villagers and wildlife traffickers. We herein report the observation of a living M. impressa in the Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary of northern Myanmar. Our observation extends the known distribution of M. impressa in Myanmar approximately 850 km northwards from previously reported populations in the Rakhine Hills of Magway Region.

关键词： conservation Hukaung Valley Wildlife Sanctuary impressed tortoise Myanmar

Parallel Implicit-Explicit General Linear Methods

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communications on Applied Mathematics and computation 2021年第4期3卷 649-669页

作者： steven Roberts Arash Sarshar Adrian Sandu computational Science Laboratory Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24060USA

High-order discretizations of partial differential equations(PDEs)necessitate high-order time integration schemes capable of handling both stiff and nonstiff operators in an efficient ***-explicit(IMEX)integration based on general linear methods(GLMs)offers an attractive solution due to their high stage and method order,as well as excellent stability *** IMEX characteristic allows stiff terms to be treated implicitly and nonstiff terms to be efficiently integrated *** work develops two systematic approaches for the development of IMEX GLMs of arbitrary order with stages that can be solved in *** first approach is based on diagonally implicit multi-stage integration methods(DIMSIMs)of types 3 and *** second is a parallel generalization of IMEX Euler and has the interesting feature that the linear stability is independent of the order of *** experiments confirm the theoretical rates of convergence and reveal that the new schemes are more efficient than serial IMEX GLMs and IMEX Runge-Kutta methods.

关键词： Parallel Time integration IMEX methods General linear