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Safety and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus umbellata (Vahl.) Leaves

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 94-112页

作者： Atchadé Pascal Tchogou steven Amour Pyus Tanguy Vignon Chokki Gbèssohèlè Justin Behanzin Tétédé Rodrigue Christian Konfo Perside Savoeda Félicienne Agbogba Léocardie Akpoli Lamine Baba-Moussa Maximin Senou Alphonse Sezan Experimental and Clinical Biology Unit (UBEC) Biotechnology Research Laboratory Medical and Pharmaceutical (LaRBiMeP) Na-tional School of Biosciences and Biotechnology of Dassa-Zoumé (ENSBBA) National University of Science Technology and Engi-neering of Abomey (UNSTIM) Dassa-Zoumé Benin Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines (LPMTA) Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin National University of Agriculture (UNA) Schools of Science and Techniques for Preservation and Processing of Agricultural Prod-ucts (ESTCTPA) Sakété Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. For the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of F. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that F. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.

关键词： Ficus umbellata Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Edema Inflammation

Insulin, longevity, and genetic analysis of metabolism

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Protein & Cell 2010年第7期1卷 605-606页

作者： steven Y Cheng Department of Developmental Genetics center for Regenerative Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

In a 1989 Hollywood hit“Sex,Lies,and Videotapes”,director steven Soderbergh told a story of an incestuous affair between a hot-shot lawyer and the sister of his married *** over-stayed visit by a drifter whose unusual fetish of videotaping conversations about sex lives of women deconvoluted this adulterous *** the biological life,persistent bias can also throw off a balance such as the homeostasis delicately constructed among metabolism,longevity,and the insulin signaling *** a recent paper published in Cell Metabolism,Yong Liu’s group at the Shanghai Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Liangyou Rui’s group at the University of Michigan Medical School reported that alteration of metabolism through genetic deletion of SH2B,a gene encoding an adaptor protein required for insulin signaling,causes significant changes in the life span of affected fruitflies and *** the manmade and the god-made stories show only a slight superficial analogy in form,they both unfold through serendipitous analyses of seemingly unrelated events,a theme that reoccurringly underscores the importance of basic research.

关键词： metabolism analogy conversation

Complete reprogramming to all-iPS mice

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Protein & Cell 2010年第1期1卷 2-3页

作者： steven Y Cheng Department of Developmental Genetics and Center for Regenerative Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

The landmark discoveries by Shinya Yamanaka in mice and later separately by James Thompson in humans that adult animal cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state of embryonic stem(ES)cells by forced expression of just a few key transcription factors have permanently altered a long-held view about the stability of differentiated cells in developmental biology,and suggested a way of generating personalized replacement tissues from patients’own cells for the regenerative medical treatment.

关键词： programming generating permanent

Biomimetic Composite Structural T-joints

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第3期9卷 377-384页

作者： Vimal Kumar Thummalapalli steven L. Donaldson University of Dayton 300 College Park Dayton Ohio 45469-0243 USA

Biological structural fixed joints exhibit unique attributes, including highly optimized fiber paths which minimize stress concentrations. In addition, since the joints consist of continuous, uncut fiber architectures, the joints enable the organism to transport information and chemicals from one part of the body to the other. To the contrary, sections of man-made composite material structures are often joined using bolted or bonded joints, which involve low strength and high stress concentrations. These methods are also expensive to achieve. Additional functions such as fluid transport, electrical signal delivery, and thermal conductivity across the joints typically require parasitic tubes, wires, and attachment clips. By using the biomimetic methods, we seek to overcome the limitations which are present in the conventional methods. In the present work, biomimetic co-cured composite sandwich T-joints were constructed using unidirectional glass fiber, epoxy resin, and structural foam. The joints were fabricated using the wet lay-up vacuum bag resin infusion method. Foam sandwich T-joints with multiple continuous fiber architectures and sandwich foam thickness were prepared. The designs were tested in quasi-static bending using a mechanical load frame. The significant weight savings using the biomimetic approaches is discussed, as well as a comparison of failure modes versus architecture is described.

关键词： composites T-joints biomimetic fiberglass epoxy sandwich foam

Multi-phase computer modeling and laboratory study of dust capture by an inertial Vortecone scrubber

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 287-291页

作者： Ashish Ranjan Kumar steven Schafrik Thomas Novak Department of Mining Engineering University of Kentucky504 Rose Street230 Mining and Mineral Resources BuildingLexingtonKY 40506United States

Dust generated in mining and tunneling activities is hazardous to health of persons and safety of operations. These projects employ pick-milling machines to extract minerals and rock by mechanical *** machines are equipped with flooded-bed scrubbers that encase dust particles within fine water films as particles encounter a flooded wire-mesh screen. A major disadvantage is that the screen gets clogged when particles become trapped within the wire mesh, reducing airflow through the scrubber and increasing ambient dust concentrations. Thus, the system requires frequent maintenance or replacement. The application of a Vortecone scrubber as an improved alternative to conventional fibrous type scrubbers is investigated. A Vortecone forces dust-laden air and water to follow a complex, rapidly swirling *** momentum drives dust particles towards the periphery where they are captured by the water *** operating characteristics of a reduced-scale physical model of a Vortecone, with its primary axis mounted in the horizontal orientation, was analyzed numerically and experimentally. Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) models depicting the spraying action and multi-phase air/water flows using the volume of fraction(VOF) approach, are presented. Experimental results, utilizing an optical particle counting technique to establish the dust-cleaning capabilities of the model, are also described.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Process safety Multi-phase flows Volume of fraction(VOF) Dust-capture Cleaning efficiency

Luminescence of Er^(3+) in Oxyfluoride Transparent Glass-Ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第6期24卷 699-705页

作者： Akira Ueda steven H Morgan Richard Mu Department of Physics Fisk University NashvilleTN 37208 USA

Erbium doped silicate, germanate, and tellurium-germanate oxyfluoride glasses were prepared in a bulk form. Through appropriate heat treatment of the as-prepared glasses, transparent glass-ceramics （TGCs） were obtained with the formation of β-PbF2：Er^3＋ nanocrystals in the glass matrix were confirmed by X-ray ***-defined diffraction peaks were observed in the samples after heat-treatment. The average crystal diameter of these precipitated crystals from full-width at half-maximum （FWHM） of the diffraction peak was estimated to be between 8 and 13 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and upconversion luminescence were measured on as-prepared glass and glass-ceramics. Luminescence spectra in the TGC samples revealed well-resolved, sharp stark-splitting peaks, which indicates that a majority of Er^3＋ ions has been incorporated into the crystalline phase of the nanocrystals. The intensity of the visible and near infrared luminescence mostly increases in TSG compared to that in the as-prepared glass. In 1.53 μm absorption and emission bands, the maximum absorption peak is blue-shifted from 1531 to 1507 nm, whereas the maximum emission peak is redshifted from 1535 to 1543 nm in TGC, as compared with that in glass. The bandwidth at half-maximum （BWHM） of the emission band is significantly broader in TGC than in glass, which is beneficial to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）. Upconversion luminescence was measured using 800 nm near-infrared light excitation. Drastically increased upconversion 1 was observed from the TGC as compared to that from their corresponding as-prepared glasses. In addition to a strong green emission centered at 545 nm because of ^4S3/2→^4I15/2 transition and a weaker red emission centered at 662 nm because of ^4F9/2→^4I15/2 transition, generally seen from the Er^3＋ doped glasses, two violet emissions centered at 410 nm because of ^2H9/2→^4I15/2 transition and centered at 379 nm because of ^4G11/2→^4I15/2 transition were also o

关键词： luminescence transparent glass-ceramics rare earths

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Cherish your weeds

Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 396-397页

作者： steven Dreissig Martin Mascher Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences Martin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK) SeelandOT GaterslebenGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig LeipzigGermany

The domestication of crops was a protracted process that extended over thousands of *** began approximately 12000 years ago and marked the onset of the Neolithic *** the Neolithic,human cultures transitioned from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle toward one of agriculture and *** process,however,was a long one,which spanned many human *** this period,many of today's most important crops were domesticated from wild *** include wheat,barley,rice,and maize.

关键词： crops weed settlement

A Model-free Approach to Fault Detection of Continuous-time Systems Based on Time Domain Data

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第2期4卷 189-194页

作者： steven X. Ding Institute of Automatic Control and Complex Systems University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany

In this paper, a model-free approach is presented to design an observer-based fault detection system of linear continuoustime systems based on input and output data in the time domain. The core of the approach is to directly identify parameters of the observer-based residual generator based on a numerically reliable data equation obtained by filtering and sampling the input and output signals.

关键词： Fault detection linear continuous time-invariant systems time domain data subspace methods observer-based residual generator,

Overview and Comparison of the IEEE EPON and ITU-T GPON Protocols

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China Communications 2007年第2期4卷 69-78页

作者： steven S.Gorshe

Providing the "triple play" services of voice,video,and high-speed data access is an important way for carriers to increase their revenue and compete with other access providers such as the CATV *** most flexible and "future-proof" medium for providing triple play services is fiber,with its virtually unlimited bandwidth *** providing a direct optical connection between the CO and each subscriber is cost prohibitive, most optical access systems use a passive optical network (PON) to connect multiple subscribers to the same CO optical *** white paper provides a tutorial overview and comparison of the two most popular very high-speed PON access network standards:the ITU-T G. 984 series Gigabit PON(GPON) and IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet PON(EPON) standards.

关键词：街面