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Nutritional quality, functional property and acceptability of maize (Zea mays) based complementary foods enriched with defatted groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) and ginger (Zinger officinale Roscoe) powder in Wistar rats

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 144-161页

作者： Oluwole steve Ijarotimi Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Traditional complementary foods in Africa are cereal-based, low in nutrient-density;hence, causing severe-acute-malnutrition. This study was aimed to formulate and evaluate nutritional quality of complementary foods (CF) using locally available food materials. Yellow maize (raw, germinated & fermented), defatted groundnut (DGF) and ginger flour (GGF) were blended to obtain RDG (76.7% raw yellow maize, 20.8% DGF and 2.5% GGF), GDG (74.4% germinated yellow maize, 23.1% DGF, 2.5% GGF), and FDG (72.6% fermented yellow maize, 24.9% DGF, 2.5% GGF). Food samples were evaluated for nutritional qualities and sensory attributes using standard methods. Protein (g/100 g), energy value (kCal/100 g), total amino acids and essential amino acids (g/100 g protein) of formulated CF ranged from 19.38 to 28.58, 373.49 to 394.53, 87.33 to 91.89 and 36.17 to 37.63, respectively, and were comparable to control (17.07, 401.22, 94.47 & 35.35). Minerals were present in appreciable amount in the foods, while phytate/mineral (Ca, Fe, Zn) and oxalate/calcium molar ratios were lower than critical levels. Bulk density (1.4 - 1.6 g/mL), least gelation (4 - 6%), water absorption capacity (10.5 - 15.8%) and swelling capacity (0.5 - 1.2%) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in formulated CF than in control, except for bulk density. Biological value (78.44%) of FDG was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than GDG (78.4%) and RDG (75.87%), respectively, but lower than control (93.48%). Pack cell volume (22.50%), haemoglobin concentration (7.5 g/dL), red blood cell (3 × 103 mm− 3), albumin (3.72 g/dL), total blood protein (5.62 g/dL) and globulin (1.9 g/dL) of rats fed on FDG were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than other diets, but comparable to that of control. Kidney (urea, 10.16 mg/dL;creatinine, 4.8 mg/dL) and liver function index (AST/ALT ratio, 0.38) of rats fed on FDG were lower than in those rats fed on RDG, GDG and control. For sensorial attributes, RDG was ranked best next by FDG in appearance,

关键词： Infant diets Protein-energy-density complementary foods Indigenous food materials Home-based processing methods

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Catalytic enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of alkenes: stereoselective synthesis of 5–7 membered azacycles and carbocycles

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第6期66卷 1701-1706页

作者： Zhaoming Ma Lantian Sun Jianrong steve Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsSchool of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

Enantioselective domino alkenylation-alkynylation of olefins is achieved for the first time,using terminal alkynes directly as *** new reaction enables facile construction of azacycles carrying quaternary stereocenters,including 5–7 membered pyrrolidines,piperidines and ***,alkynyl groups in azacyclic products provide a useful handle for derivatization that formed both fused and bridged azabicycles.

关键词： membered cycles synthesis

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Emphysematous Cystitis: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

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Health 2024年第4期16卷 309-318页

作者： Roland Bertile Banga-Mouss Nestor Ghislain Andzouana Mbamognoua Yanick Dimi Nyanga Armel Melvin Atipo Ondongo steve Aristid Ondziel-Opara Raïssa Laure Mayanda Ohouanda Nick Arnaud Monabeka Evariste Bouenizabila Anani Séverin Wences Odzébé Prosper Alain Bouya Urology Department University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare complication of lower urinary tract infection whose prognosis is conditioned by the delay in treatment. The predisposition of diabetic patients to urinary infections caused by gas-producing bacteria is considered one of the most common factors in the occurrence of emphysematous cystitis. The currently recommended diagnostic test is CT scanning, which has definite value in assessing gas accumulation in the bladder wall and lumen. The authors report the observations of two patients aged 68 and 80 who were treated for emphysematous cystitis complicating diabetes mellitus. The evolution was favorable under treatment with antibiotic therapy, insulin therapy and bladder drainage.

关键词： Emphysematous Cystitis Computed Tomography Lower Urinary Tract Infection Diabetes Mellitus

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Management of Testicular Cancers in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 324-332页

作者： Roland Bertile Banga-Mouss Yanick Dimi Nyanga Brice Nkoua Epala Armel Melvin Atipo Ondongo steve Aristid Ondziel-Opara Eliane Ndounga Alexis Bolenga Louis Constant Mbele Mantsouaka Judith Nsonde Malanda Aanani Séverin Wencesl Odzébé Prosper Alain Bouya Departement of Urology and Andrology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Departement of Medicale Oncology and Radiotherapy University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Testicular cancer accounts for 5% of urological tumors, predominantly affecting young men. The aim of our study was to report the diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of testicular cancer cases treated in our center. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study conducted over a 15-year period involving 12 patients treated for testicular cancer at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Results: The median age was 31 years (range 11 to 49 years), with a median consultation delay of 10.6 months (range 3 to 27 months). Scrotal mass was the most common reason for consultation. Cancer was bilateral in two patients. Two patients were admitted with metastatic disease. Histopathological examination favored germ cell tumors in 7 cases, two cases of non-Hodgkin’s malignant lymphoma, and one case of epididymo-testicular adenocarcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in complete remission in patients with germ cell tumors. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not effective in patients admitted with advanced-stage disease. Conclusion: Testicular cancer is a rare condition that is curable in the majority of cases, but its management is often complicated in our setting due to delayed diagnosis caused by taboos surrounding genital organ pathologies.

关键词： Testicular Cancer Germ Cell Tumor Cisplatin Testicular Lymphoma Testicular Adenocarcinoma

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Formulation and procedure for in situ stress back-analysis from borehole strain changes measured during nearby underground excavation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第8期15卷 1931-1943页

作者： Cui Lin D.H.steve Zou Mineral Resource Engineering Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxCanada

Estimation of in situ stresses based on back-analysis of measured stress changes and displacements has become an alternative to the direct stress measurement *** order to help users conduct own measurement and analysis,this paper presents in detail a field stress back-analysis approach directly from borehole strain changes measured during nearby underground *** formulations in major steps and the procedure for the entire analysis process are provided to allow users to *** instrument for borehole strain change measurement can be the CSIR or CSIRO stress cells and other borehole strain cells that can measure strains on borehole *** changes corresponding to the stress changes at a borehole location are calculated in borehole *** stress changes due to nearby excavation can be calculated by an analytical model for a single circular opening and simulated by a numerical model for non-circular and multiple *** models are based on isotropic,homogeneous and linear elastic *** analysis of borehole strain changes is accomplished by multiple linear regression based on error minimization and an integrated process provides the best-fit solution directly to the in situ stresses.A statistical technique is adopted for screening outliers in the measurement data,checking measurement compatibility and evaluating the reliability of analysis *** application example is included to demonstrate the practical application and the analysis procedure.

关键词： In situ stress field Back-analysis Borehole strain change Multiple linear regression Underground excavation Data compatibility Result reliability

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Urological Emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 333-345页

作者： Roland Bertile Banga-Mouss Yannick Dimi Nyanga Irène Ondima Armel Melvin Atipo Ondongo steve Aristide Ondziel-Opara Joseph Junior Damba Nick Arnaud Monabeka Christ Ondzé Daniella Gloire Ngassiele Gidmard Onguele Henock Songa Jetsvy Mayala Anani Wensels Severin Odzebe Prosper Alain Bouya Departement of Urology and Andrology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Urological emergencies play a significant role in the medical and surgical activity of a urology department. The objective of this study was to determine the hospital prevalence of urological emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (CHUB), identify the different pathologies requiring urgent care, and list the various therapeutic methods. Patients and methods: A retrospective study of patients admitted to the medical and surgical emergencies department of CHUB over a 5-year period. Patient records admitted and treated for a urological emergency were included. The variables studied were the frequency of urological emergencies, patient age at admission, gender, nature of the emergency, and various therapeutic options. Results: Urological emergencies accounted for 4.3% of all medical and surgical emergencies. The mean age was 57 ± 28 years with a range of 3 to 93 years. The male-to-female ratio was 7.1. The most common conditions were urinary retention (54.67%), hematuria (17.20%), and renal colic (8.13%). Therapeutically, surgical urinary drainage was dominated by cystostomy. Conclusion: Urological emergencies are infrequent at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Their management is often delayed.

关键词： Urological Emergencies Urinary Retention Hematuria Renal Colic

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Fourier coefficients of restrictions of eigenfunctions

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第8期66卷 1849-1878页

作者： Emmett L.Wyman Yakun Xi steve Zelditch Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Mathematics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Let{e_(j)}be an orthonormal basis of Laplace eigenfunctions of a compact Riemannian manifold(M,g).Let H■M be a submanifold and{ψ_(k)}be an orthonormal basis of Laplace eigenfunctions of H with the induced *** obtain joint asymptotics for the Fourier coefficientsL^(2)(H)=∫He_(j),ψ_(k)dV_(H)of restrictionsγHe_(j)of e_(j)to *** particular,we obtain asymptotics for the sums of the norm-squares of the Fourier coefficients over the joint spectrum{(μ_(k),λ_(j))}^(∞)_(j,k-0)of the(square roots of the)Laplacian△_(M)on M and the Laplacian△_(H)on H in a family of suitably‘thick'regions in R^(2).Thick regions include(1)the truncated coneμ_(k)/λ_(j)∈[a,b]■(0,1)andλ_(j)≤λ,and(2)the slowly thickening strip|μ_(k)-cλ_(j)|≤w(λ)andλ_(j)≤λ,where w(λ)is monotonic and 1■w(λ)≤λ^(1/2).Key tools for obtaining the asymptotics include the composition calculus of Fourier integral operators and a new multidimensional Tauberian theorem.

关键词： eigenfunctions period integrals Kuznecov formula

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Electrochemically-stimulated nanoscale mechanochemical wear of silicon

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第11期11卷 2142-2152页

作者： Chen XIAO Stefan VAN VLIET Roland BLIEM Bart WEBER steve FRANKLIN Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography(ARCNL) Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands Van der Waals–Zeeman Institute Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Amsterdam(UvA)Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK

Mechanochemical reactions at the sliding interface between a single-crystalline silicon(Si)wafer and a silica(SiO2)microsphere were studied in three environmental conditions:humid air,potassium chloride(KCl)solution,and KCl solution with an applied *** to that from humid air,mechanochemical material removal from the silicon surface increased substantially in the KCl-immersed condition,and further increased when electrochemistry was introduced into the tribological *** measuring the load dependence of the material removal rate and analyzing the results using a mechanically assisted Arrhenius-type kinetic model,the activation energy(E_(a))and the mechanical energy(E_(m)),by which this energy is reduced by mechanical activation,were compared qualitatively under different environmental *** the KCl-immersed condition,mechanochemistry may decrease the required effective energy of reactions(E_(eff)=E_(a)−E_(m))and promote material removal mainly through improved catalysis of the mechanochemical reactions facilitated by greater availability of water molecules compared to the humid air ***,the effectiveness of the mechanochemistry is *** the electrochemical condition,electrochemically-accelerated oxidation of the silicon surface was confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** results strongly suggest that electrochemistry further stimulates mechanochemical reactions primarily by increasing the initial energy state of the surface via the facilitated formation of interfacial bonding bridges,i.e.,a surface oxidation/hydroxylation process.

关键词： spherical contact adhesive wear normal loading power law

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Inverse Design of Strained Graphene Surfaces for Electron Control

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第6期33卷 235-260页

作者： Francois Fillion-Gourdeau Emmanuel Lorin steve Maclean Institute for Quantum Computing University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanadaN2L 3G1 School of Mathematics and Statistics Carleton UniversityOttawaCanadaK1S 5B6 Centre de Recherches Mathematiques Universite de MontrealMontrealCanadaH3T 1J4

This paper is devoted to the inverse design of strained graphene surfaces for the control of electrons in the semi-classical optical-like *** that charge carriers are described by the Dirac equation in curved-space and exploiting the fact that wave propagation can be described by ray-optics in this regime,a general computational strategy is proposed in order to find strain fields associated with a desired effective refractive index *** latter is first determined by solving semi-classical trajectories and by optimizing a chosen objective functional using a genetic ***,the graded refractive index corresponding to the strain field is obtained by using its connection to the metric component in isothermal *** coordinates are evaluated via numerical quasiconformal transformations by solving the Beltrami equation with a finite volume *** graphene surface deformation is finally optimized,also using a genetic algorithm,to reproduce the desired index of *** analytical results and numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the methodology.

关键词： Graphene isothermal coordinates Beltrami equation gravitational lens waveguide finite volume method genetic algorithm Dirac equation

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Host cell protein quantification workflow using optimized standards combined with data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第5期13卷 494-502页

作者： steve Hessmann Cyrille Chery Anne-Sophie Sikora Annick Gervais Christine Carapito BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory(LSMBO) IPHC UMR 7178University of StrasbourgCNRSProFI-FR2048Strasbourg67000France Department of Analytical Development Sciences for Biologicals UCB Pharma S.A.Braine l'Alleud1420Belgium

Monitoring of host cell proteins(HCPs)during the manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies(mAb)has become a critical requirement to provide effective and safe drug ***-linked immunosorbent assays are still the gold standard methods for the quantification of protein ***,this technique has several limitations and does,among others,not enable the precise identification of *** this context,mass spectrometry(MS)became an alternative and orthogonal method that delivers qualitative and quantitative information on all identified ***,in order to be routinely implemented in biopharmaceutical companies,liquid chromatography-MS based methods still need to be standardized to provide highest sensitivity and robust and accurate ***,we present a promising MS-based analytical workflow coupling the use of an innovative quantification standard,the HCP Profiler solution,with a spectral library-based data-independent acquisition(DIA)method and strict data validation *** performances of the HCP Profiler solution were compared to more conventional standard protein spikes and the DIA approach was benchmarked against a classical datadependent acquisition on a series of samples produced at various stages of the manufacturing *** we also explored spectral library-free DIA interpretation,the spectral library-based approach still showed highest accuracy and reproducibility(coefficients of variation<10%)with a sensitivity down to the sub-ng/mg mAb ***,this workflow is today mature to be used as a robust and straightforward method to support mAb manufacturing process developments and drug products quality control.

关键词： Host cell proteins Absolute quantification standards Data-independent acquisition

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