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SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein impairs airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates airway inflammation via increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1745-1759页

作者： Jian-Bang Xu Wei-Jie Guan Yi-Lin Zhang Zhuo-er Qiu Lei Chen Xiao-Chun Hou Junqing Yue Yu-Yun Zhou Jie Sheng Lei Zhao Yun-Xin Zhu Jing Sun Jincun Zhao Wen-Liang Zhou Nan-Shan Zhong State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseNational Center for Respiratory MedicineDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery Guangzhou Institute for Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouP.R.China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP.R.China

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection disrupts the epithelial barrier and triggers airway *** envelope(E)protein,a core virulence structural component of coronaviruses,may play a role in this *** could interfere with transepithelial Cl^(-)transport via impairment of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR),which modulates nuclear factor kB(NF-kB)***,the pathological effects of SARS-CoV-2 E protein on airway epithelial barrier function,Cl^(-)transport and the robust inflammatory response remain to be ***,we have demonstrated that E protein down-regulated the expression of tight junctional proteins,leading to the disruption of the airway epithelial *** addition,E protein triggered the activation of Toll-like receptor(TLR)2/4 and downstream c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)signaling,resulting in an increased intracellular Cl^(-)concentration([Cl^(-)]_(i))via up-regulating phosphodiesterase 4D(PDE4D)expression in airway epithelial *** elevated[Cl^(-)]_(i);contributed to the heightened airway inflammation through promoting the phosphorylation of serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1).Moreover,blockade of SGK1 or PDE4 alleviated the robust inflammatory response induced by E ***,these findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2 E protein in airway epithelial damage and the ongoing airway inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： airway inflammation elevated

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基于固碳服务供需视角的区域碳平衡研究——以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区为例

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长江流域资源与环境 2024年第1期33卷 55-65页

作者：李湘儿胡熠娜上海师范大学环境与地理科学院上海200234 上海长三角城市湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站上海201722

生态系统固碳服务能够通过自然植被的光合作用直接固定大气中CO_(2),其供需平衡对于缓解全球变暖的趋势至关重要。然而,当前研究大多关注生态系统固碳服务的供给,基于供需视角分析区域碳平衡的研究相对较少。长三角生态绿色一体化发展... 详细信息

生态系统固碳服务能够通过自然植被的光合作用直接固定大气中CO_(2),其供需平衡对于缓解全球变暖的趋势至关重要。然而,当前研究大多关注生态系统固碳服务的供给,基于供需视角分析区域碳平衡的研究相对较少。长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区是实施长三角一体化发展战略的先手棋和突破口,也是长三角地区实现“双碳”目标的关键区域。以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区为研究区,基于CASA模型评估固碳服务的供给能力,基于人口密度法识别固碳服务的需求动态,进而基于供需比指数识别示范区固碳服务的供需变化。结果表明,供给方面,2000~2020年示范区内不同乡镇固碳服务供给空间分布较为均衡,固碳服务供给总量由1.10×10^(9)kg增加到1.24×10^(9)kg,整体呈波动上升趋势。需求方面,2000~2020年示范区固碳服务需求由7.15×10^(9)kg增长到4.16×10^(10)kg,增长近5倍,且所有乡镇的固碳服务需求均有所增加。2000~2020年,示范区固碳供给难以满足其需求,且固碳服务供需比持续下降,供需关系逐渐趋于紧张。最后,基于固碳服务供给、需求和供需比开展固碳服务分区,以期为示范区双碳目标实现提出具有针对性的决策建议。

关键词：固碳服务生态系统服务供需 CASA模型分区

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Heterotopic pancreas in the gallbladder:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第22期12卷 5140-5144页

作者： Ting Wang Jing Jiang Ling-Ling Guo Xu Chen er-Bao Chen Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Radiation Oncology Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Heterotopic pancreas(HP)refers to pancreatic tissue located in areas with no vascular or anatomical connection to the *** occurs mostly in the stomach,duodenum,and colon,and rarely in the *** SUMMARY A 57-year-old woman was referred to our hospital complaining of right upper quadrant discomfort for 3 *** abdominal computed tomography scan revealed adenomyomatosis with a thickened fundus of the *** patient underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy,and pathological examination unexpectedly showed heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the *** patient had a favorable recovery and was discharged on postoperative day *** did not report any symptoms or complications at the 6-mo postoperative *** should pay close attention to such pancreatic tissue and carefully examine it for dysplasia or *** This case provides more information about HP in the gallbladder,a rare occurrence.

关键词： Adenomyomatosis Diagnosis Heterotopic pancreas Gallbladder Case report

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Ocular image-based deep learning for predicting refractive error:A systematic review

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 164-172页

作者： Samantha Min er Yew Yibing Chen Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh David Ziyou Chen Marcus Chun Jin Tan Ching-Yu Cheng Victor Teck Chang Koh Yih Chung Tham Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore School of Chemistry Chemical Engineeringand BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Department of Ophthalmology National University HospitalSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences(Eye ACP) Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

ackground:Uncorrected refractive error is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide and its increasing prevalent necessitates effective screening and management ***,deep learning,a subset of Artificial Intelligence,has significantly advanced ophthalmological diagnostics by automating tasks that required extensive clinical *** recent studies have investigated the use of deep learning models for refractive power detection through various imaging techniques,a comprehensive systematic review on this topic is has yet be *** review aims to summarise and evaluate the performance of ocular image-based deep learning models in predicting refractive *** text:We search on three databases(PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science)up till June 2023,focusing on deep learning applications in detecting refractive error from ocular *** included studies that had reported refractive error outcomes,regardless of publication *** systematically extracted and evaluated the continuous outcomes(sphere,SE,cylinder)and categorical outcomes(myopia),ground truth measurements,ocular imaging modalities,deep learning models,and performance metrics,adhering to PRISMA *** studies were identified and categorised into three groups:retinal photo-based(n=5),OCT-based(n=1),and external ocular photo-based(n=3).For high myopia prediction,retinal photo-based models achieved AUC between 0.91 and 0.98,sensitivity levels between 85.10%and 97.80%,and specificity levels between 76.40%and 94.50%.For continuous prediction,retinal photo-based models reported MAE ranging from 0.31D to 2.19D,and R^(2) between 0.05 and *** OCT-based model achieved an AUC of 0.79–0.81,sensitivity of 82.30%and 87.20%and specificity of 61.70%–68.90%.For external ocular photo-based models,the AUC ranged from 0.91 to 0.99,sensitivity of 81.13%–84.00%and specificity of 74.00%–86.42%,MAE ranges from 0.07D to 0.18D and accuracy ranges from 81.60%to 96.70%.The reported papers colle

关键词： Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence Refractive error Retinal images Optical Coherence Tomography Photorefraction Ocular images Prediction

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Twisted microdomains in liquid crystals for polarization-insensitive phase modulation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 2-3页

作者： Yifei Ma Zimo Zhao stephen M.Morris Chao He Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13PJUK

Polarization-independent phase modulators based upon liquid crystals(LCs)with a simple device architecture have long been desired for a range of optical ***,researchers have demonstrated a novel fabrication procedure using cholesteric LCs as a primer for achieving low polarization dependence coupled with a large phase modulation depth.

关键词： polarization phase liquid

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起伏不定的情感:生命历程视域下的粉丝持续性认同研究

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现代出版 2024年第1期 61-77页

作者：晏青宋宝儿暨南大学新闻与传播学院暨南大学娱乐传播研究中心

粉丝行为不是随着年龄增长被抛却的青春期执迷,粉丝身份以及生活方式可能伴随人的一生。因此有必要从长时段的、生命历程的视角理解粉丝行为和身份认同,通过自传性叙事访谈及生命故事线方法,深入粉丝的持续性认同心理过程。粉丝认同的... 详细信息

粉丝行为不是随着年龄增长被抛却的青春期执迷,粉丝身份以及生活方式可能伴随人的一生。因此有必要从长时段的、生命历程的视角理解粉丝行为和身份认同,通过自传性叙事访谈及生命故事线方法,深入粉丝的持续性认同心理过程。粉丝认同的发展轨迹呈现出水平、渐变和波折三种发展轨迹,在这个过程中,粉丝除了获得娱乐性满足之外,还获取传记共鸣,且更倾向于在粉丝实践中实现自我价值。粉丝的崇拜心理经历了“从娱乐到意义”的变迁,持续性的偶像崇拜有助于他们在娱乐中获得“共鸣”的体验以应对生命危机,在流动的现代社会中获得自我连续性,建立稳定的自我认同。通过突破静态的、猎奇的审视视角,力图为理解粉丝文化提供生命历程、持续性的过程视域。

关键词：粉丝文化偶像崇拜身份认同生命历程娱乐研究

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面向城市结构形态的地图认知负荷差异眼动试验研究

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测绘通报 2024年第3期 101-106页

作者：黎雪儿郑束蕾信息工程大学河南郑州450001

在空间认知领域,随着技术的进步,地图出现了三维地图、影像地图、虚拟地图等新的形式,同时带来了地图认知适用性不清、认知负荷差异缺乏量化的问题。本文针对面向城市结构形态认知问题,以二维地图、三维地图、影像地图、航拍地图图片为... 详细信息

在空间认知领域,随着技术的进步,地图出现了三维地图、影像地图、虚拟地图等新的形式,同时带来了地图认知适用性不清、认知负荷差异缺乏量化的问题。本文针对面向城市结构形态认知问题,以二维地图、三维地图、影像地图、航拍地图图片为例,采用问卷调查、眼动试验和量表分析相结合的方法,研究不同类型地图的认知作用,同时关注其中的性别差异。结果显示,地图类型与性别两个变量均对地图认知负荷产生一定影响,组间差异显著;二维地图适用性较好,男性认知负荷与认知效果高于女性。

关键词：空间认知地图眼动试验认知负荷城市结构

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Mitochondria-targeted atovaquone promotes anti-lung cancer immunity by reshaping tumor microenvironment and enhancing energy metabolism of anti-tumor immune cells

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Cancer Communications 2024年第3期44卷 448-452页

作者： Donghai Xiong Zheng Yin Mofei Huang Yian Wang Micael Hardy Balaraman Kalyanaraman stephen T Wong Ming You Center for Cancer Prevention Houston Methodist Neal Cancer CenterHouston Methodist HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering Houston Methodist Cancer CenterHouston Methodist HospitalWeill Cornell MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Aix Marseille Univ Centre Nationaldela Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Institut de Chimie Radicalaire(ICR)UnitéMixte de Recherche(UMR)7273MarseilleFrance Department of Biophysics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA

Dear Editor,Atovaquone(ATO),a mitochondrial inhibitor,has anti-cancer effects[1].Based on ATO,we developed mitochondria-targeted atovaquone(Mito-ATO)that had even stronger anti-tumor efficacy than ATO[2].We syn-thesized Mito-ATO by attaching the bulky triphenylphos-phonium(TPP)group to ATO via a ten-carbon alkyl chain(Supplementary file of methods;Supplementary Figure S1).

关键词： metabolism immunity targeted

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Amygdalin ameliorates apoptosis and imbalance of osteogenic/lipogenic homeostasis caused by NOX4/ROS/p38MAPK signaling activation to treat glucocorticoid-associated necrosis of the femoral head

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Huihui Xu Kai'ao Zou Haipeng Huang Qinghe Zeng Xu Wang Ping'er Wang Wenhua Yuan Luwei Xiao Jiali Chen Peijian Tong Hongting Jin he First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine) The First College of Clinical Medicine， Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province

The study aimed to explore the efficacy and potential mechanisms of a naturally aromatic cyanogenic compound-amygdalin (AMY) in treating glucocorticoid (GC)-associated necrosis of the femoral head (GANFH). We demonstrated that GC exacerbates the oxidative stress (OS) microenvironment via promoting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in human， rat， and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) samples， thus generating excessive ROS， leading to increased apoptosis and unbalanced osteolipogenic differentiation. Furthermore， computational docking results revealed that AMY could bind specifically to the predicted binding sites of NOX4. Additionally， AMY ameliorated the OS microenvironment of MSCs via decreasing NOX4 expression and inhibiting NOX4/ROS/p38MAPK signaling， thereby reversing the GC-induced apoptosis and imbalanced osteolipogenic differentiation， and ultimately alleviating GANFH. In summary， we demonstrated for the first time that AMY attenuated apoptosis and maintained osteolipogenic differentiation balance in MSCs via specifically targeting NOX4， inhibiting NOX4/ROS/p38MAPK signaling， thereby treating GANFH.

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Melting of hydrous pyroxenites with alkali amphiboles in the continental mantle:*** element compositions of melts and minerals

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 50-68页

作者： stephen F.Foley Isra S.Ezad School of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNew South Wales 2109Australia Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

The trace element compositions of melts and minerals from high-pressure experiments on hydrous pyroxenites containing K-richterite are presented. The experiments used mixtures of a third each of the natural minerals clinopyroxene, phlogopite and K-richterite, some with the addition of 5% of an accessory phase ilmenite, rutile or apatite. Although the major element compositions of melts resemble natural lamproites, the trace element contents of most trace elements from the three-mineral mixture are much lower than in lamproites. Apatite is required in the source to provide high abundances of the rare earth elements, and either rutile and/or ilmenite is required to provide the high field strength elements Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. Phlogopite controls the high levels of Rb, Cs and *** abundances of trace elements in the various starting mixtures vary strongly because of the use of natural minerals, we calculated mineral/melt partition coefficients (DMin/melt) using mineral modes and melting reactions and present trace element patterns for different degrees of partial melting of hydrous pyroxenites. Rb, Cs and Ba are compatible in phlogopite and the partition coefficient ratio phlogopite/K-richterite is high for Ba (136) and Rb (12). All melts have low contents of most of the first row transition elements, particularly Ni and Cu ((0.1-0.01)×primitive mantle). Nickel has high DMin/melt for all the major minerals (12 for K-richterite, 9.2 for phlogopite and 5.6 for Cpx) and so behaves at least as compatibly as in melting of peridotites. Fluorine/chlorine ratios in melts are high and DMin/melt for fluorine decreases in the order apatite (2.2) > phlogopite (1.5) > K-richterite (0.87). The requirement for apatite and at least one Ti-oxide in the source of natural lamproites holds for mica pyroxenites that lack K-richterite. The results are used to model isotopic ageing in hydrous pyroxenite source rocks: phlogopite controls Sr isotopes, so that lamproites with relatively l

关键词： Hydrous pyroxenite Lamproite Trace elements Phlogopite K-richterite Apatite

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