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Is magnesium deficiency the major cause of needle chlorosis of Pinus taeda in Brazil?

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 209-221页

作者： Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta Shizuo Maeda Valdécio dos Santos dos Santos Rodrigues Tamires Maiara Ercole stephen a.thur prior Ana Elisa Lyra Brumat Amanda Pacheco Cardoso Moura Julierme Zimmer Barbosa João Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes Department of Soil Sciences and Agriculture Engineering Federal University of ParanáR.dos Funcionários1540.CuritibaParanáCEP 80035‑050Brazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Company Embrapa FlorestasEstr.da Ribeira–Br‑476Km 111–Parque Monte Castelo.ColomboParanáCEP 83411‑000Brazil United States Department of Agriculture‑Agricultural Research Service USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory411 South Donahue DriveAuburnAL 36832USA Reforestation Remasa Rodovia PR 170–Km 522.BiturunaParanáCEP 84640‑000Brazil Federal Institute of Southeast of Minas Gerais R.Luz Interior360.Juiz de ForaMinas Gerais CEP 36030‑713Brazil

Needle chlorosis(NC)in Pinus taeda *** in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation *** a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC),trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials,and soils and needles(whole,green and chlorotic portions)from 1-and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on *** were analyzed for various elements and *** soils had very low base levels(Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and K^(+))and P,suggesting a possible lack of multiple *** symptoms started at needle tips,then extended toward the needle base with *** flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles *** from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the *** were similar to those reported for *** chlorotic portions,Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values;in particular,Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg^(-1).Collectively,results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of *** in various parent soils in Brazil.

关键词： Nutritional deficiency Forest management Soil depletion Pine foliar analysis Needle chlorosis

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Making the case for the evolving role of social media in health professions education and a literature review on the application of some in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 1-11页

作者： Helena prior Filipe Mila Kostic Mildred Lopez Karl Golnik West Lisbon Hospitals Center Hospital Egas MonizLisbonPortugal Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research LisbonPortugal Continuing Education and Development in Health Professions RichboroPAUSA Coordinación de Educación en Salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social(IMSS)Mexico CityMexico Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Background and Objective:Social media(SoMe)has emerged as a tool in health professions education(HPE),particularly amidst the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the academia’s initial skepticism SoMe has been gaining traction in supporting learning communities,and offering opportunities for innovation in *** study aims to explore the integration of SoMe in *** key components were outlined as necessary for a successful integration,and include designing learning experiences,defining educator roles,selecting appropriate platforms,and establishing educational ***:This article stemmed from the online Teaching Skills Series module on SoMe in education from the Ophthalmology Foundation,and drew upon evidence supporting learning theories relevant to SoMe integration and models of ***,we conducted a literature review considering Englishlanguage articles on the application of SoMe in ophthalmology from PubMed over the past *** Content and Findings:Early adopters of SoMe platforms in HPE have leveraged these tools to enhance learning experiences through interaction,dialogue,content sharing,and active learning *** integrating SoMe into educational programs,both online and in-person,educators can overcome time and geographical constraints,fostering more diverse and inclusive learning *** consideration is,however,necessary to address potential limitations within ***:This article lays groundwork for expanding SoMe integration in HPE design,emphasizing the supportive scaffold of various learning theories,and the need of furthering robust research on examining its advantages over traditional educational *** literature review underscores an ongoing multifaceted,random application of SoMe platforms in ophthalmology *** advocate for an effective incorporation of SoMe in HPE education,with the need to comply with good educational practice.

关键词： Social media(SoMe) health professions education(HPE) active learning social learning technology enhanced learning

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Effect of austenitizing condition on mechanical properties,microstructure and precipitation behavior of AISI H13 steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 143-156页

作者： An-gang Ning Yang Liu Rui Gao stephen Yue Ming-bo Wang Han-jie Guo College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 0C5Canada ASSAB Tooling Technology(Chongqing)Co. Ltd.Chongqing401120China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The effects of austenitizing temperature(1223,1303,and 1373 K)and holding time(1-1500 s)on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and precipitation behavior of the H13 hot work die steel were *** results indicate a softening phenomenon when H13 steel is austenitized at 1303 K beyond 900 s and 1373 K beyond 600 s,*** the sample held for 1200 s,the tensile strength is found capable of reaching up to 2.2 GPa when quenched from a temperature above 1303 ***,prior-austenite grain size increases with the increase in austenitizing *** kinetic behavior of the precipitates(mainly MC-type carbides)in H13 steel could be elaborated through the principles set forth by the Arrhenius and Avrami ***,the comprehensive strengthening of the H13 steel was discussed in *** results show that the activation energy of the transformed fraction of carbides is higher than that of the diffusion process for common alloying elements(Cr,V,Mo,and Ni)found in the *** suggests that it would be difficult for precipitates to dissolve into the matrix when H13 steel is austenitized at high *** the increasing austenitizing temperature,the precipitation fraction decreases,and the dislocation density *** dislocation strengthening is regarded as the dominant strengthening contributed to yield strength in as-quenched H13 steel.

关键词： H13 steel Austenitizing Mechanical property Precipitation behavior Comprehensive strengthening

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Investigating explainable transfer learning for battery lifetime prediction under state transitions

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eScience 2024年第5期4卷 132-142页

作者： Tianze Lin Sihui Chen stephen JHarris Tianshou Zhao Yang Liu Jiayu Wan Global Institute of Future Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division Lawrence Berkeley National LabBerkeleyCA 94720USA Data Science Research CenterDuke Kunshan UniversityNo.8 Duke AvenueKunshan 215316China Center for Advanced Energy System and Reliability Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China

Battery lifetime prediction at early cycles is crucial for researchers and manufacturers to examine product quality and promote technology *** learning has been widely utilized to construct data-driven solutions for high-accuracy ***,the internal mechanisms of batteries are sensitive to many factors,such as charging/discharging protocols,manufacturing/storage conditions,and usage *** factors will induce state transitions,thereby decreasing the prediction accuracy of data-driven *** learning is a promising technique that overcomes this difficulty and achieves accurate predictions by jointly utilizing information from various ***,we develop two transfer learning methods,Bayesian Model Fusion and Weighted Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,to strategically combine prior knowledge with limited information from the target dataset to achieve superior prediction *** our results,our transfer learning methods reduce root-mean-squared error by 41%through adapting to the target ***,the transfer learning strategies identify the variations of impactful features across different sets of batteries and therefore disentangle the battery degradation mechanisms and the root cause of state transitions from the perspective of data *** findings suggest that the transfer learning strategies proposed in our work are capable of acquiring knowledge across multiple data sources for solving specialized issues.

关键词： Battery life prediction Transfer learning State transitions Explainability Degradation mechanism

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Early Syphilis Presenting as Thickened Penile Plaques With an Embedded Recurrent Ulcer (Chancre Redux): A Case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 160-162页

作者： stephen C.Davies Rodney Hannaford Joseph Cotter Northern Sydney Sexual Health Service Northern Sydney Local Health DistrictSt LeonardsNSW 2065Australia Northern Beaches Dermatology Mona ValeNSW 2103Australia

Introduction:The manifestations of syphilis are varied,and serology can establish the diagnosis early,especially in rare *** report a case of chancre redux(a rare recurrence of primary syphilis),which was embedded within a secondary syphilitic penile skin *** were missed opportunities at earlier diagnosis as serology for syphilis was not *** presentation:A 56-year-old man presented with thickened penile plaques for five *** reported a small penile ulcer approximately one month *** was no history of other skin lesions or ***,clinically there was an asymptomatic,indurated ulcer embedded within a plaque which was swab-positive for syphilis by PCR.A punch biopsy of a plaque was spirochaete-positive using an immunoperoxidase *** patient’s lesions resolved three weeks after treatment with intramuscular benzathine ***:Uncommonly reported even in the preantibiotic era,chancre redux is now *** ulcer usually recurs at or near the site of the original chancre,and has similar morphological *** skin lesions of secondary syphilis can exhibit remarkable morphological *** most common skin manifestation,a generalized macular rash,was not present at any time in this ***,there were only a couple of nonspecific penile *** biopsy is performed,histologic findings are variable,though typically the inflammatory infiltrate includes plasma cells.A special immunoperoxidase stain can highlight spirochaetes in biopsy ***:This case highlights the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of persistent,atypical penile lesions and underscores the need for appropriate serological testing in such instances.

关键词： primary syphilis secondary syphilis chancre redux immunohistochemistry immunoperoxidase genital rash

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Is magnesium deficiency the major cause of needle chlorosis of Pinus taeda in Brazil?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期 213-225页

作者： Ant?nio Carlos Vargas Motta Shizuo Maeda Valdécio dos Santos dos Santos Rodrigues Tamires Maiara Ercole stephen a.thur prior Ana Elisa Lyra Brumat Amanda Pacheco Cardoso Moura Julierme Zimmer Barbosa Jo?o Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes Department of Soil Sciences and Agriculture Engineering Federal University of Paraná Brazilian Agricultural Research Company Embrapa Florestas 3. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory 4. Reforestation Remasa 5. Federal Institute of Southeast of Minas Gerais

Needle chlorosis(NC) in Pinus taeda L. systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles. In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC), trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials, and soils and needles(whole, green and chlorotic portions) from 1-and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P. taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties. All soils had very low base levels(Ca2+, Mg2+and K+) and P, suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements. YNC symptoms started at needle tips, then extended toward the needle base with time. First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did. Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy. Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg. In chlorotic portions, Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values; in particular, Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg-1. Collectively, results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P. taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.

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Scanning Mode Application of Neutron-Gamma Analysis for Soil Carbon Mapping

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 334-343页

作者： Aleksandr KAVETSKIY Galina YAKUBOVA Nikolay SARGSYAN Clyde WIKLE stephen A. prior Henry Allen TORBERT Bryan A. CHIN United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) National Soil Dynamics Laboratory Auburn AL 36832 (USA) Auburn University Detection and Food Safety Center Samuel Ginn College of Engineering Auburn AL 36849 (USA)

Soil carbon mapping is extremely useful in assessing the effect of land management practices on soil carbon storage. Applications of neutron-gamma analysis in scanning mode for mapping of soil carbon are discussed. A Global Positioning System(GPS) device and softwares required to simultaneously acquire gamma signals and geographical positions during scanning operations were added to an existing measurement system. The reliability of soil carbon measurements in scanning mode was demonstrated to be in agreement with results acquired from static mode. The error analysis indicated that scanning measurements can be conducted with the same accuracy as static measurements in approximately one fourth the time. To obtain results suitable for mapping analogous to traditional chemical analyses(i.e.,± 0.5 in weight percent or ± 0.5 w%), scanning time over a given site should be ca. 15 min using the current measurement system configuration. Based on this measurement time, a reasonable towing speed of 3–5 km h^-1, the necessity for complete site coverage during scanning, the number of sites(within the surveyed field), and the required total measurement time can be estimated. Soil carbon measurements for 28 field sites(total area ca. 2.5 ha) were conducted in ca. 8 h. Based on acquired data,a soil carbon distribution map was constructed utilizing various softwares. The surveyed field area included an asphalt road that had carbon readings higher than the surrounding land. The clarity with which these carbon-rich zones were delineated on the constructed map represents evidence supporting the veracity of this method. Neutron-gamma analysis technology can greatly facilitate timely construction of soil carbon maps.

关键词： ArcGIS Google Earth Pro IGOR scanning technology soil carbon distribution map soil carbon storage

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Exercise for stroke prevention

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第2期3卷 59-68页

作者： Peter L prior Neville Suskin Lawson Health Research Institution LondonOntarioCanada St.Josephs Health Care Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Program LondonOntarioCanada Department of Medicine(Cardiology) Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

We review evidence concerning exercise for stroke *** biological reasons suggest that exercise would be important in preventing *** definitive randomised controlled trials evaluating the impact of physical activity(PA)and exercise on preventing stroke and mortality are lacking,observational studies,small randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses have provided evidence that PA and exercise favourably modify stroke risk factors,including hypertension,dyslipidaemia,diabetes,sedentary lifestyle,obesity,excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco *** is,therefore,important to understand the factors associated with poststroke PA/exercise and cardiorespiratory *** associated factors include self-efficacy,social support and quality of patients’relationships with health *** associated factors include logistical barriers,medical comorbidities,stroke-related deficits,negative exercise beliefs,fear of falling,poststroke fatigue,arthropathy/pain and *** research is needed to specify efficacious behavioural approaches to increase poststroke *** techniques probably include physician endorsement of exercise programmesto patients,enhancement of patient-professional relationships,providing patients an exercise rationale,motivational interviewing,collaborative goal-setting with patients,addressing logistical concerns,social support in programsmes,structured exercise programming,individualised behavioural instruction,behavioural diary recording,reviewing behavioural consequences of exercise efforts,reinforcing successful exercise *** programming without counselling may increase short-term activity;simple advice or information-giving is probably *** patients or those with cognitive impairment may need increased structure,with emphasis on behaviour per se,versus self-regulation *** support the latest American Heart Association/American Stroke Associati

关键词： prevention behaviour programming

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Fournier’s Gangrene: 13-Year Experience in a Tertiary Center, North Eastern Nigeria

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第7期14卷 407-414页

作者： Makama Baje Salihu Haruna Liman stephen Yusuf Aminu Umar Oladimeji Abraham Tunde Ayodele Olufikayo Oshagbemi Amur Ibrahim Urology Unit Department of Surgery Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria

Background: Fournier’s gangrene is a fulminant infection of the genitourinary tract characterized by progressive necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the external genitalia. Initially mainly seen involving the scrotum of elderly men with different moods of occurrence each unpleasantly lethal. With varying types of presentation only one thing has remained constant;the poor prognosis of this condition. Purpose/Aim: Thus, it’s important to study the trends of the presentation of this condition laying emphasis on the challenges in the management of these patients;both the negative and positive prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Urology ward record books, clinic record books and operating theater records were used to identify patients managed for Fournier gangrene in ATBUTH Bauchi. A retrospective study of the medical files of all the patients managed from January 2011 to January 2024 was done. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 29. Results: Data from 47 patients seen during the period of study were carefully collected and analyzed. The age range is 2 weeks to 97 years. There were two neonates, one at 2nd week of life and the other at 3rd week. Mortality rate is 36%. The average time duration before presentation for patients that died was two weeks, a minimum of 9 days prior to presentation and a maximum of 21 days, about 10 of which came in septic shock and the remaining presented with fever and very extensive necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum. All the patients that died had diabetes mellitus as a comorbidity except the neonate. All the patients that survived were much younger, all were below 60 years of age (2 weeks - 53 years). Conclusion: Here, we share our experience managing patients with Fournier’s gangrene in our facility in the past 13-year period from January 2011 to January 2024. .

关键词： Fournier’s Gangrene Prognosis Elderly Presentation Treatment

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Impact of Tillage and Fertilizer Application Method on Gas Emissions in a Corn Cropping System

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 604-615页

作者： K. SMITH D. WATTS T. WAY H. TORBERT S. prior Department of Math Science and Technology University of Minnesota Crookston Crookston MN 56716 (USA) USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory 411 S. Donahue Dr. Auburn AL 36832 (USA)

Tillage and fertilization practices used in row crop production are thought to alter greenhouse gas emissions from soil. This study was conducted to determine the impact of fertilizer sources, land management practices, and fertilizer placement methods on greenhouse gas （CO2, CH4, and N2O） emissions. A new prototype implement developed for applying poultry litter in subsurface bands in the soil was used in this study. The field site was located at the Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center in the Appalachian Plateau region of northeast Alabama, USA, on a Hartsells fine sandy loam （fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Hapludults）. Measurements of carbon dioxide （CO2）, methane （CH4）, and nitrous oxide （N20） emissions followed GRACEnet （greenhouse gas reduction through agricultural carbon enhancement network） protocols to assess the effects of different tillage （conventional vs. no-tillage） and fertilizer placement （subsurface banding vs. surface application） practices in a corn （Zea mays L.） cropping system. Fertilizer sources were urea-ammonium nitrate （UAN）, ammonium nitrate （AN） and poultry litter （M） applied at a rate of 170 kg ha^（-1） of available N. Banding of fertilizer resulted in the greatest concentration of gaseous loss （CO2 and N2O） compared to surface applications of fertilizer. Fertilizer banding increased CO2 and N2O loss on various sampling days throughout the season with poultry litter banding emitting more gas than UAN banding. Conventional tillage practices also resulted in a higher concentration of CO2 and N2O loss when evaluating tillage by sampling day. Throughout the course of this study, CH4 flux was not affected by tillage, fertilizer source, or fertilizer placement method. These results suggest that poultry litter use and banding practices have the potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： conventional tillage global warming potential greenhouse gases no-tillage poultry litter

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