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Recovery of Baikiaea forest of southwestern Zambia from shifting cultivation and its implications for sustainable management

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 497-506页

作者： Filipo Zulu stephen syampungani Peter Fushike National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) School of Natural Resources Copperbelt University

We studied the dominant species by age category of re-growth, and how subsistence forest use through shifting cultivation impacted on the floristic composition of Baikiaea forest. For re-growth stands, variable sampling method was adopted in data collection while in mature stands, a sample plot size of 50 m 9 50 m was used at each of three study sites. Distribution of species by age categories showed that shrub, herb, and grass species were abundant in young re-growth stands while woody vegetation became common with increasing age of the re-growth stand. Hierarchical clustering for common woody species showed several species associations with age categories and also with relatively undisturbed woodland. Common regeneration mechanisms of key woody species were mainly by seed(48%), coppicing(40%) and root suckers(12%). The young re-growth stands of 6–10 and 11–15 years were characterized by B. petersiana, ***, Combretum zeyheri, and Guibourtia coleosperma. Older stands(16–20 years after abandonment) were characterized by B. plurijuga, Pterocarpus antunesii, and Baphia massiensis, thus closely mimicking the relatively undisturbed forest whose dominant key woody species were B. plurijuga, P. antunesii, and G. coloesperma. There were many stems in younger stands(2–5 years) and fewer stems in older re-growth stands of 16–20 years after abandonment following shifting cultivation. Older regrowth stands(16–20 years) were similar to undisturbed stands(P \ 0.005). The similarity between re-growth stands of 16–20 years and control stands demonstrates the recovery of Baikiaea forest over time after cessation of shifting agriculture. Baikiaea forest requires some disturbance to perpetuate the dominant species and begins to show signs of recovery from shifting cultivation within16–20 years after abandonment. This is contrary to assertions that this ecosystem could take up to about 100 years for abandoned fields to begin showing signs of

关键词： Regeneration dynamics Species diversity Tree species dominance Management model Shifting cultivation

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Coppicing ability of dry miombo woodland species harvested for traditional charcoal production in Zambia:a win–win strategy for sustaining rural livelihoods and recovering a woodland ecosystem

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 549-556页

作者： stephen syampungani Mulualem Tigabu Nalukui Matakala Ferdinand Handavu Per Christer Oden School of Natural Resources Copperbelt UniversityBox 21692KitweZambia Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 49230 53 AlnarpSweden Zambia Forestry College P/Bag MwekeraKitweZambia

The miombo woodland is one of the most extensive woodlands in Africa, supporting livelihoods based on biomass fuel for millions of rural people. However, there are growing concerns about the sustainability of harvesting for biomass fuel （mainly charcoal）. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether regeneration by coppice is a viable option for sustainably managing miombo woodlands for biomass fuel production. We tested the hypotheses that （1） species, stump diameter, stump height and time since cutting significantly affect the number of sprouts per cut stump （coppice density） and mean sprout height （shoot vigour） and （2） higher coppice density reduces shoot vigour due to competition among coppice shoots in a given stump. In an inventory in areas that were harvested for charcoal production by the local people, 369 stumps of 11 species were recorded with mean coppice stumps ranged from 6 to 84. The mean coppice density ranged from 5 to 8 shoots per stump while the mean height of coppice shoots ranged from 46 to 118 cm with marked interspecific variations. Stump size was signifi- cantly and positively correlated with coppice density for some of the species, but not with shoot vigour for the majority of the species. However, shoot vigour was significantly positively correlated to time since cutting of trees for nearly half of the species. Coppice density had a significant negative correlation with shoot vigour for two species, and a positive correlation for one species. In conclusion, the results provide evidence about the importance of coppice management as a win-win strategy for sustaining charcoal-based rural livelihoods and recovering the miombo woodland ecosystem.

关键词： African woodlands Charcoal production Forest management Regeneration Resprouting ability

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Progresses in restoration of post-mining landscape in Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 381-396页

作者： Emma Sandell Festin Mulualem Tigabu Mutale N.Chileshe stephen syampungani Per Christer Oden Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Science School of Natural Resources Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copperbelt University

Mining alters the natural landscape and discharges large volumes of wastes that pose serious pollution hazards to the environment, to human health and to agriculture. As a result, the recent 2 decades have witnessed a global surge in research on post-mining landscape restoration, yielding a suite of techniques including physical, chemical, biological(also known as phytoremediation) and combinations. Despite the long history of mining in Africa, no systematic review has summarized advances in restoration research and practices after mining disturbance. Thus, the aim of this review was to document the state-of-knowledge and identify gaps in restoration of postmining landscape in Africa through literature review. We found that:(1) there has been substantial progress in identifying species suitable for phytoremediation;(2) few studies evaluated the feasibility of organic amendments to promote autochthonous colonization of mine wastelands or growth of planted species; and(3) restoration of limestone quarries in Kenya, sand mining tailings in South Africa,and gold mine wasteland in Ghana are successful cases of large-scale post-mining restoration practices in ***, the pace of post-mining landscape restoration research and practice in Africa is sluggish compared to other parts of the global south. We recommend:(1)mainstreaming the restoration of mine wastelands in national research strategies and increased development planning to make the mining sector ‘‘Green'';(2) inventory of the number, area, and current status of abandoned mine lands;(3) expanding the pool of candidate species for phytostabilization;(4) further evaluating the phytostabilization potential of organic amendments, e.g., biochar;(5)assessing the impacts of mining on regional biodiversity.

关键词： Phytoremediation Phytostabilization Reclamation Remediation Tailing dams

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Physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations of copper mine wastes in Zambia:implications for pollution risk and restoration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1283-1293页

作者： Mutale N.Chileshe stephen syampungani Emma Sandell Festin Mulualem Tigabu Abolfazl Daneshvar Per Christer Odén School of Natural Resources Copperbelt UniversityBox 21692KitweZambia Faculty of Forest Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 4923053 AlnarpLommaSweden Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences and EngineeringGonbad Kavous UniversityShahid Fallahi StreetBasirat BlvdBox 163Gonbad-e-KavousGolestanIran

Soil characterization is a vital activity to develop appropriate and effective restoration protocols for mine wastelands while insights into the total content of heavy metals in the soil is an important step in estimating the hazards that the metals may pose to the vital roles of soil in the *** study addressed the following research questions:(1)To what extent do the physico-chemical characteristics vary between mine waste sediments and the nearby forest soil?(2)Are the concentrations of heavy metals high enough to be considered as toxic?and(3)Are heavy metals present in mine waste sediments potential sources of pollution?We hypothesized that the physicochemical characteristics of mine waste sediments are less favorably for plant establishment and growth while the concentrations of heavy metals are very high,thus restricting the success of revegetation of mine waste *** waste sediments were sampled following a diagonal transect across tailings dams,overburden dump sites and the local forest soil from the top layer(0-20 cm)using a closed *** were analyzed for arsenic,barium,lead,cadmium,cobalt,copper,chromium,nickel,vanadium,and zinc as well as for soil physico-chemical *** mine waste sediments were dominated by silt whilst the forest soil by sand particles,with significantly high bulk density in the *** the forest soil and overburden sediments were acidic than the alkaline tailings dam *** organic carbon and nitrogen contents were significantly low in mine wasteland substrates but the concentration of Ca and Mg were significantly higher in tailings dam substrate than the forest *** concentrations of available P,K and Na were similar across *** mean concentrations of heavy metals were significantly(pCo>Ba>Ni>As>Zn>Pb>Cr>V>Cd,and that on the overburd

关键词： Contamination factors Overburden material Phytostabilization Pollution load index Tailings dam

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Performance of Tree Species Growing on Tailings Dam Soils in Zambia： A Basis for Selection of Species for Re-vegetating Tailings Dams

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第7期1卷 827-831页

作者： Martin K. Kambing'a stephen syampungani Department of Forest Resource Management School of Natural Resources The Copperbelt University Kitwe 21692 Zambia

To facilitate the development of the basis for the selection of plants for re-vegetating tailings in Zambia, an as sessment of the performance of tree species growing on tailings dams was conducted. The performance of species was determined in terms of relative density, frequency and importance value for each species. The study reveals variations in performance of species; for example in terms of importance values, Acacia polyacantha （33.5%）, Toona ciliata （21.4%）, Acacia sieberana （9.9%）, Bauhinia thonningii （9.1%） and Peltophorum africanum （8.3%） were the most dominant species. The dominance of these species on tailings dams demonstrates tolerance to railings dams conditions. The study recommends that emphasis must be placed on these species in re-vegetating tailings dams.

关键词： Tailings tree performance re-vegetation importance values.

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