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Circumscription of the East Asia clade (Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae) and the taxonomic placements of several problematic genera

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 206-218页

作者： Jing Zhou Xinyue Wang shilin Zhou Junmei Niu Jiarui Yue Zhenwen Liu stephen R.Downie school of Pharmaceutical science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products Kunming Medical University1168 Western Chunrong RoadYuhua StreetChenggong New CityKunming 650500China Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland Kunming 650201China Gaoligong Mountain Forest EcosystemObservation and Research Station of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650201China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming 650201China Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA College of Modern Biomedical Industry Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500China

The East Asia(or Physospermopsis) clade was recognized in previous molecular phylogenetic investigations into the higher-level relationships of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. The composition of this clade, the phylogenetic relationships among its constituent taxa, and the placement of species previously determined to be problematic have yet to be resolved. Herein, nr DNA ITs sequences were obtained for150 accessions of Apioideae, representing species whose distributions are in East Asia or genera having one or more species included within the East Asia clade. These data, along with published ITs sequences from other Apioideae(for 3678 accessions altogether), were subjected to maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. The results show that the East Asia clade contains representatives of 11currently recognized genera: Hansenia, Hymenolaena, Keraymonia, sinolimprichtia, Acronema, Hymenidium, Physospermopsis, Pimpinella, sinocarum, Tongoloa, and Trachydium. However, the latter seven genera have members falling outside of the East Asia clade, including the generic types of all except Tongoloa. Within the clade, the species comprising these seven genera are widely intermingled, greatly increasing confusion among relationships than previously realized. The problematic species Physospermopsis cuneata is confirmed as falling within the East Asia clade, whereas P. rubrinervis allies with the generic type in tribe Pleurospermeae. Physospermopsis kingdon-wardii is confirmed as a member of the genus Physospermopsis, whereas the generic attributions of P. cuneata and Tongoloa stewardii remain unclear. Two species of sinocarum(s. filicinum and s. wolffianum) are transferred into the genus Meeboldia. This is the most comprehensive molecular phylogenetic investigation of the East Asia clade to date, and while the results increase systematic understanding of the clade, they also highlight the need for further studies of one of the most taxonomically intractable groups in Api

关键词： Physospermopsis Pimpinella sinocarum Tongoloa Trachydium

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Orbital pacing and secular evolution of lake-level changes reconstructed by sedimentary noise modeling during the Early Jurassic icehouses-(super)greenhouses

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第1期67卷 252-267页

作者： Meng LI Xin LI stephen P.HEssELBO Mingjie LI Wenjin LIU Wei WU Jienan PAN Ruizhen GAO school of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China Camborne school of Mines and Environment and sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUnited Kingdom Qinghai No.105 Coal Geological Exploration Team Xining 810000China

Lake-level changes can significantly affect paleoenvironmental evolution,resource occurrence,terrestrial carbon budget,and biodiversity in continental *** is one of the most critical factors controlling lake-level *** of the Early Jurassic has been evidenced by oscillating icehouses to(super)greenhouses with interrupted intermittent extreme climatic events(hyperthermal and cooling),e.g.,the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event(~183 Ma)and the late Pliensbachian cooling event(~185 Ma).Lake-level evolution and hydrologic cycling on Earth’s surface during the Early Jurassic icehouses-to-(super)greenhouses are thus far poorly understood due to a lack of continuous high-resolution nonmarine *** we present a super-long nonmarine lake level record for this pivotal interval from the early Pliensbachian to Toarcian by sedimentary noise modeling,and construct a 16.7-Myr-long astronomical time scale(174.2 Ma to 190.9 Ma)based on cyclostratigraphy analysis of rock color datasets(CIE b*)of the Qaidam *** results document lake-level oscillations on a 5-to 10-million-year(Myr)scale which shows a pronounced correlation with long-term climate variation and extreme climatic events,and 1-to 2.5-Myr-scale lake-level changes that are prominently paced by the 2.4-Myr long-eccentricity forcing and the 1.2-Myr obliquity *** the Pliensbachian stage,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level changes are in phase with the coeval sealevel *** forced growth and decay of the ephemeral or permanent ice sheets in polar regions are interpreted to control the synchronous ups-and-downs of continental lake level and global sea ***,during the Toarcian ice-free greenhouses to(super)greenhouses,the 1.2-Myr-scale lake-level variations show an anti-phase relationship with global sea level,indicating a‘seesaw’interaction between continental reservoirs(lakes and groundwater)and global *** 2.4-Myr longeccentricity cycles mainly regulate variation

关键词： Milankovitch cycles Orbital forcing sedimentary noise model Lake level Continental basins

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The second pluri-genus of smoothable Gorenstein surface singularities

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science China Mathematics 2010年第3期53卷 635-639页

作者： yau stephen s. T. Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of Illinois at Chicago

For complete intersection isolated surface singularities, Okuma gave a formula for the second plurigenus relating geometry genus, Milnor number and Tjurina number. We generalize Okuma’s theorem to Gorenstein smoothab... 详细信息

关键词： second pluri-genus smoothable Gorenstein Milnor number Tjurina number

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spherical extension property no longer true for domains in algebraic variety with isolated singularity Dedicated to Professor YANG Lo on the occasion of his 70th birthday

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science China Mathematics 2010年第2期53卷 259-262页

作者： yau stephen s. T. Institute of Mathematics East China Normal University Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Chicago

Let D be a domain in Cn. It is known that if D is a simply connected bounded domain in C with spherical real analytic boundary D, then every local biholomorphic map at boundary as above extends to a biholomorphic map from D onto the unit ball in Cn. As a consequence, a local biholomorphic map between D1 and D2 where D1 and D2 are simply connected domains in Cn with spherical real analytic boundaries can extend to a global biholomorphic map from D1 onto D2. If the boundary is algebraic, the simply connected condition in the above result can be dropped. In this note, we show that the above phenomenon is no longer true if domains are in algebraic varieties with isolated singularities.

关键词： spherical boundary holomorphic extension algebraic variety isolated singularity

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On variance of exponents for isolated surface singularities with modality ≤ 2 In Memory of Professor Philip Wagreich

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science China Mathematics 2014年第1期57卷 31-41页

作者： yau stephen s.T. ZUO HuaiQing Department of Mathematical science Tsinghua University Mathematical sciences Center Tsinghua University

Using the theory of the mixed Hodge structure one can define a notion of exponents of a *** 2000,Hertling proposed a conjecture about the variance of the exponents of a ***,we prove that the Hertling conjecture is tru... 详细信息

关键词： singularities modality exponents

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Regional trends and petrologic factors inhibit global interpretations of zircon trace element compositions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 300-307页

作者： Nick M.W.Roberts Christopher J.spencer stephen Puetz C.Brenhin Keller simon Tapster Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK Department of Geological sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA Department of Earth sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HamphireUSA

The trace element composition of zircon reveals information about the melt that they are derived from,as such,detrital zircon trace element compositions can be used to interrogate melt compositions,and thus the evolution of the continental crust in time and ***,we present a global database of detrital zircon compositions and use it to test whether average global trends for five common petrogenetic proxies truly represent secular changes in continental *** demonstrate that the secular trend is broadly comparable across continental regions for Ti-in-zircon temperatures,but for other trace element ratios interrogated,secular trends are highly variable between continental *** trace element ratios result from multiple petrologic variables,we argue that these petrogenetic proxies can be overinterpreted if projected to global geologic *** particular,we caution against the interpretation of crustal thickness from trace elements in zircon,and we argue that our results negate current hypotheses concerning secular changes in crustal thickness.

关键词： Detrital zircon Trace elements secular change Eu anomaly Crustal thickness

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The autophagy protein Atg9 functions in glia and contributes to parkinsonian symptoms in a Drosophila model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： shuanglong Yi Linfang Wang Margaret s.Ho shiping Zhang school of Life science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits,dopaminergic neuron loss,and brain accumulation ofα-synuclein aggregates called Lewy *** in protein degradation pathways,such as autophagy,has been demonstrated in neurons as a critical mechanism for eliminating protein aggregates in Parkinson’s ***,it is less well understood how protein aggregates are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the *** the present study,we show that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only transmembrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is highly expressed in Drosophila glia from adult *** from immunostaining and live cell imaging analysis reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes to the trans-Golgi network,autophagosomes,and lysosomes in ***9 is persistently in contact with these *** glial atg9 reduces the number of omegasomes and autophagosomes,and impairs autophagic substrate *** suggests that glial Atg9 participates in the early steps of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic ***,loss of glial atg9 induces parkinsonian symptoms in Drosophila including progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons,locomotion deficits,and glial *** findings identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and establish a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkinson’s *** results may provide new insights on the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkinson’s disease

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The Ban on Illegal Mining in Ghana: Environmental and socio-Economic Effect on Local Communities

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第3期12卷 153-162页

作者： stephen Twumasi Annan Department of Integrated science Education Faculty of Science Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

The study was conducted to assess the effects of small-scale (artisanal) gold mining and its social and economic implications on the people in Amansie West District of Ghana. The artisanal gold mining communities were studied using secondary data from scholarly articles and journals, books, conference papers, research reports, policy documents, working papers, and briefs. Descriptive and systematic analyses were conducted. The result indicated that youth aged between 21 - 30 were most likely to engage in illegal mining operations in the selected study areas. The study revealed that farmland had been destroyed, making farming difficult for the inhabitants. It is evident from the review that dug-out pits from mining serve as breeding grounds for mosquitoes and death traps for humans. The study, therefore, accentuates the need for illegal small-scale gold mining to be formalised and strategic interventions and policies proposed for the protection of Ghana’s Natural resources. Furthermore, community members should be involved in policy-making and environmental protection issues to help control the menace of landscape destruction. Although the ban on illegal gold mining activity by the government has caused more people to lose their jobs leading to livelihood challenges in mining communities, it is a step in the right direction, as the ban seeks to halt and check the illegal small-scale mining sector. The study recommended alternative livelihood and income-generating projects such as beekeeping, mushroom culture, grasscutter rearing, and agroforestry technologies including the growth of economic fruit trees as alternative livelihood ventures.

关键词： small-scale Gold Mining Livelihood social and Economic Implications

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The Ca^(2+)-sensing receptor and the pocketome:comparing nature's complexity with human intervention in receptor modulation

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3153-3154页

作者： Edda s.F.Matthees Carsten Hoffmann Institut fur Molekulare Zellbiologie CMB-Center for Molecular BiomedicineUniversitatsklinikum JenaHans-Knoll StraBe 2D-07745 JenaGermany Friedrich-schiller-Universitat Jena Hans-KnollStraBe2D-07745 JenaGermany

In a recent paper published in Nature,the relatively understudied Ca^(2+)-sensing,receptor(CasR)within the Gprotein-coupled receptor(GPCR)family C,gained attention due to pioneering research led by Georgios skiniotis ... 详细信息

关键词： stanford gained skin

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sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica s.Brady Michael T.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA school of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

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