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Diagnostic accuracy of ePOS score in predicting DNR labeling after ICU admission:A prospective observational study(ePOS-DNR)

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 216-221页

作者： Omar E.Ramadan Ahmed F.Mady Mohammed A.Al-Odat Ahmed N.Balshi Ahmed W.Aletreby Taisy J.stephen Sheena R.Diolaso Jennifer Q.Gano Waleed Th.Aletreby Department of Critical Care King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Nursing Department King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Background Resuscitation can sometimes be futile and making a do-not-resuscitate(DNR)decision is in the best interest of the *** electronic poor outcome screening(ePOS)score was developed to predict 6-month poor outcomes of critically ill *** explored the diagnostic accuracy of the ePOS score in predicting DNR decisions in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods This study was conducted at the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia between March and May ***,we calculated ePOS scores for all eligible consecutive admissions after 48 h in the ICU and recorded the DNR *** ability of the score to predict DNR was explored using logistic ***'s ideal cut-off value was calculated using the DeLong method,and different diagnostic accuracy measures were generated with corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results We enrolled 857 patients,125 received a DNR order and 732 did *** average ePOS score of DNR and non-DNR patients was 28.2±10.7 and 15.2±9.7,*** score,as a predictor of DNR order,had an area under receiver operator characteristic(AUROC)curve of 81.8%(95%CI:79.0 to 84.3,P17 was associated with a sensitivity of 87.2(95%CI:80.0 to 92.5,P17 may help guide clinical decisions to withhold or commence resuscitative measures.

关键词： Do-not-resuscitate(DNR) Resuscitation Intensive care unit(ICU) Diagnostic accuracy Sensitivity Specificity

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乌龟汤姆

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初中生 2024年第24期 24-27页

作者： stephen Cosgrove 瀚瀚(编译) 不详

汤姆·特德尔从小就不喜欢自己的名字,因为那听起来跟“乌龟汤姆”很像,他总被同学们取笑。直到一次在海边挖到很多奇怪的蛋时,他遇到一位老妇人,明白了螃蟹和乌龟的适者生存之道,大开眼界。从那以后,汤姆爱上海洋和乌龟,最终成了一名... 详细信息

汤姆·特德尔从小就不喜欢自己的名字,因为那听起来跟“乌龟汤姆”很像,他总被同学们取笑。直到一次在海边挖到很多奇怪的蛋时,他遇到一位老妇人,明白了螃蟹和乌龟的适者生存之道,大开眼界。从那以后,汤姆爱上海洋和乌龟,最终成了一名海洋生物学家,而“乌龟汤姆”成了他最引以为傲的称呼。

关键词：海洋生物学家适者生存乌龟汤姆

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冰室-(超)温室气候动荡期湖平面演化及天文轨道气候作用

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第1期54卷 264-280页

作者：李猛李昕 stephen P.HESSELBO 李明杰刘文进吴伟潘结南高瑞珍河南理工大学资源环境学院焦作454000 Camborne School of Mines and Environment and Sustainability Institute University of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUnited Kingdom 青海煤炭地质一〇五勘探队西宁810007

湖平面变化是影响陆相湖盆沉积与资源赋存、陆地碳收支及环境生态演化的重要因子.湖平面波动受气候作用明显,早侏罗世处在冰室、(超)温室气候动荡期,发生了全球性大洋缺氧(托阿尔期,~183Ma)和气候变冷等极端气候事件(普林斯巴赫期,~185M... 详细信息

湖平面变化是影响陆相湖盆沉积与资源赋存、陆地碳收支及环境生态演化的重要因子.湖平面波动受气候作用明显,早侏罗世处在冰室、(超)温室气候动荡期,发生了全球性大洋缺氧(托阿尔期,~183Ma)和气候变冷等极端气候事件(普林斯巴赫期,~185Ma).为研究气候动荡背景下湖平面演化及地球表层水循环和调控机制,选取柴达木盆地早侏罗世湖相连续沉积记录,采用岩石粉末色度(CIE b*)序列开展米兰科维奇旋回分析,建立了基于东特提斯陆相沉积记录的早侏罗世天文年代标尺(~174.2Ma至~190.9Ma),通过沉积噪声模型重建盆地相对湖平面变化曲线,发现5~10Myr尺度湖平面变化响应于长趋势气候演化及极端气候事件;1~2.5Myr尺度湖平面波动显著受控于天文轨道气候作用(~2.4Myr偏心率和~1.2Myr斜率周期).其中,普林斯巴赫期~1.2Myr湖平面周期波动与全球海平面呈“同相位”共变,~1.2Myr斜率周期通过控制极地地区存在的间歇性或永久性冰盖生长和消亡影响全球海平面及湖平面升降;托阿尔期~1.2Myr湖平面波动与全球海平面呈“反相位”关系,在(超)温室气候期极地地区不存在明显冰盖情况下,湖平面受控于~1.2Myr斜率周期控制下的陆地储水单元(湖泊和地下水)和全球海洋间的“起翘板”作用.~2.4Myr长偏心率周期主要通过控制小型冰盖的消长来调控湖(海)平面升降,主要体现在普林斯巴赫期.以上发现表明,气候动荡期地球表层水循环样式及气候调控出现了明显转换,为理解全球海平面变化机制(例如, Glacio-eustasy和Aquifer-eustasy)提供了新的视角和证据.

关键词：米兰科维奇旋回轨道气候作用沉积噪声模型湖平面陆相盆地

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Psychological Consequences of a Mass Attack Following Multiple Gunshots and Explosions among Victims in a State in Southwest Nigeria

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 90-109页

作者： Adewale Moses Adejugbagbe Dele David Omoniyi Akinola Ayoola Fatiregun Modupeola Oluwakemi Dosumu Ngozi Onyejiaka Banji Awolowo Ajaka stephen Fagbemi World Health Organization Nigeria Ondo State Ministry of Health Akure Nigeria

Introduction: On the 5th of June 2022, an incident of a mass attack following multiple gunshots and explosions occurred in a community in Ondo State Nigeria. This study aims to assess the mental health status of victims of the mass attack to guide further interventions among them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among victims of a mass attack in Owo community, Ondo State. A total of 209 affected victims were interviewed on socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms of anxiety (AD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), threat experienced, and mental health support received. A 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and 9-item Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scale were used to assess the mental health status of the victims. A point was assigned to respondents who reported the symptoms of GAD, with a maximum score of 7 attained. For GAD, scores were categorized as follows: 1 - 2 as mild, 2 - 3 as minimal, 4 - 5 as moderate and 6 - 7 as severe. The PTSD symptoms were rated using a 5-point Likert scale response, and assigned the following points;4 = extremely, 3 = quite a bit, 2 = moderate, 1 = a little bit and 0 = not at all. From a maximum score of 36, participants with scores 18 and above were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The independent samples t-test and correlational analysis were used to determine the association between PTSD score and other independent variables, with an alpha level of significance set at 0.05. Results: Generally, 38 (18.2%) of the respondents had severe AD. About half (89;42.6%) were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The mean level of both AD (3.40 ± 2.26) and PTSD (16.51 ± 7.63) score is higher among those who were married compared to those not married (anxiety disorder;2.52 ± 2.20, P = 0.005 and PTSD;13.20 ± 8.86, P = 0.004). Respondents who have been counseled by a healthcare worker had a higher mean level (15.89 ± 7.58) of provisional PTSD compared to those not counseled by a

关键词： Mass Attack Mass Casualty Anxiety Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

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Honey vesicle-like nanoparticles protect aged liver from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3661-3679页

作者： Baolong Liu Phuong Linh Nguyen Han Yu Xingzhi Li Huiren Wang Tram Gia Bao Nguyen Prakash Kumar Sahoo Meghna Sur Jay Reddy Sarah Sillman stephen D.Kachman Bara Altartouri Guoqing Lu Sathish Kumar Natarajan Mahesh Pattabiraman Jiujiu Yu Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Biology University of Nebraska OmahaOmahaNE 68182USA Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),has emerged as the leading cause of liver failure and related ***,no medication is specifically approved to treat NAFLD or *** we report that oral administration of honey vesiclelike nanoparticles(H-VLNs)to naturally aged mice protects the liver from NASH development.H-VLNs are dominantly taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver and suppress hepatic chronic inflammation and further development of fibrosis and nodule formation in aged *** their reported antiinflammasome function,H-VLNs are found to inhibit the transcriptional activities of C-JUN and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).MicroRNAs miR5119 and miR5108 and phenolic compound luteolin in H-VLNs are identified in suppressing both the C-JUN and NF-kB ***,oral intake of H-VLNs represents a promising new user-friendly modality to prevent the development of NASH.

关键词： Honey Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Nanoparticles microRNAs Aging Inflammation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Periodic Addition of Glucose Suppressed Cyanobacterial Abundance in Additive Lake Water Samples during the Entire Bloom Season

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第2期16卷 140-155页

作者： David Linz Ian Struewing Nathan Sienkiewicz Alan David Steinman Charlyn Gwen Partridge Kyle McIntosh Joel Allen Jingrang Lu stephen Vesper United States Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati Ohio USA Annis Water Resources Institute Grand Valley State University Muskegon USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge Tennessee USA

Previously, we showed that prophylactic addition of glucose to Harsha Lake water samples could inhibit cyanobacteria growth, at least for a short period of time. The current study tested cyanobacterial control with glucose for the entire Harsha Lake bloom season. Water samples (1000 ml) were collected weekly from Harsha Lake during the algal-bloom season starting June 9 and lasting until August 24, 2022. To each of two 7-liter polypropylene containers, 500 ml of Harsha Lake water was added, and the containers were placed in a controlled environment chamber. To one container labeled “Treated,” 0.15 g of glucose was added, and nothing was added to the container labeled “Control.” After that, three 25 ml samples from each container were collected and used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing each week. Then 1000 ml of Harsha Lake water was newly collected each week, with 500 ml added to each container, along with the addition of 0.15 g glucose to the “Treated” container. Sequencing data were used to examine differences in the composition of bacterial communities between Treated and Control containers. Treatment with glucose altered the microbial communities by 1) reducing taxonomic diversity, 2) largely eliminating cyanobacterial taxa, and 3) increasing the relative abundance of subsets of non-cyanobacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota). These effects were observed across time despite weekly inputs derived directly from Lake water. The addition of glucose to a container receiving weekly additions of Lake water suppressed the cyanobacterial populations during the entire summer bloom season. The glucose appears to stimulate the diversity of certain bacterial taxa at the expense of the cyanobacteria.

关键词： Glucose Cyanobacteria 16S Amplicon Sequencing Microbial Community

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Effects of Papyrus Plants (Cyperus papyrus) on the Physicochemical Parameters and Nutrient Levels of Water and Sediments in Yala Swamp Wetland in Western Kenya

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-23页

作者： Violet Achieng Orodo Paul Otieno Abuom Emmanuel Amukohe Shikanga Elly Tetty Osewe Douglas Nyambane Anyona Fredrick Mhina Mngube stephen Adongo Odongo Department of Environmental Studies Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Chemistry Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Murang’a University of Technology Murang’a Kenya Wetlands International Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Physical Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya

Yala swamp wetland is the largest fresh water wetland ecosystem in Kenya supporting a broad biodiversity. It comprises of River Yala, the Yala swamp, Lakes Kanyaboli, Namboyo and Sare, and a portion of Lake Victoria neighboring the swamp. Approximately 2300 ha of land have been reclaimed and has been used for large-scale agriculture resulting in mass destruction of papyrus to create room for framing. Papyrus are known to be important in phytoremediation but despite this role information is limited, lacks supportive evidence and the empirical aspect on the levels of these pollutants in relation to the papyrus biomass is limited. The study is aimed at determining the effects of Cyperus papyrus on the water and sediment quality in Yala Swamp wetland. Six sampling sites were purposefully selected to monitor the variations of the physicochemical parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen: DO, pH, biological oxygen demand: BOD, total suspended solids: TSS, turbidity, electrical conductivity: EC and total dissolved solids: TSS) and the levels selected nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) in water and sediments as River Yala flows through Dominion Farms, Lake Sare which surrounded by Cyperus papyrus and finally into Lake Victoria. The samples were collected in triplicates during the wet and dry seasons (May and September 2015 respectively). The physicochemical parameters were measured in situ using a Hydrolab muiltimeter while the nutrients were analyzed using UV/Vis spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was done using SAS V9.0 software. The mean temperature was 26.19˚C ± 0.71˚C, DO: 3.72 ± 1.02 Mg/l, BOD: 3.9 ± 0.32 Mg/l, pH: 7.52 ± 0.17, TDS: 109 ± 86.33, EC: 173.26 ± 13.8 μS/cm, TSS: 12.42 ± 18.51 Mg/l and Turbidity: 12.29 ± 10.03 NTU. The values varied significantly at P 0.05 among all the sites. The results show that papyrus is useful in maintaining the required levels of physicochemical parameters. The study will assist in conservation of the papyrus to help phytoremediate

关键词： Adsorbing Contaminants Phytoremediation Conservation Cyperus papyrus

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Associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior with skeletal muscle energetics:The Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging(SOMMA)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 621-630页

作者： Yujia(Susanna)Qiao Terri L.Blackwell Peggy M.Cawthon Paul M.Coen Steven R.Cummings Giovanna Distefano Samaneh Farsijani Daniel E.Forman Bret H.Goodpaster stephen B.Kritchevsky Theresa Mau Frederico G.S.Toledo Anne B.Newman Nancy W.Glynn Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Translational Research Institute AdventHealthOrlandoFL 32804USA Department of Medicine(Geriatrics and Cardiology) University of Pittsburghand GeriatricsResearchEducationand Clinical Center(GRECC)VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Internal Medicine Section on Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109USA Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Background:Skeletal muscle energetics decline with age,and physical activity(PA)has been shown to offset these declines in older ***,many studies reporting these effects were based on self-reported PA or structured exercise ***,we examined the associations of accelerometry-measured and self-reported PA and sedentary behavior(SB)with skeletal muscle energetics and explored the extent to which PA and sedentary behavior would attenuate the associations of age with muscle ***:As part of the Study of Muscle,Mobility and Aging,enrolled older adults(n=879),810(age=76.4±5.0 years old,mean±SD;58%women)had maximal muscle oxidative capacity measured ex vivo via high-resolution re spirometry of permeabilized myofibers(maximal oxidative phosphorylation(maxOXPHOS))and in vivo by ^(31)phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(maximal adenosine triphosphate(ATP_(max))).Accelerometry-measured sedentary behavior,light activity,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X over 7 ***-reported sedentary behavior,MVPA,and all PA were assessed with the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors(CHAMPS)*** regression models with progressive covariate adjustments evaluated the associations of sedentary behavior and PA with muscle energetics,as well as the attenuation of the age/muscle energetics association by MVP A and sedentary *** a sensitivity analysis,we also examined activPAL-measured daily step count and time spent in sedentary behavior and their associations with muscle ***:Every 30 min/day more of ActiGraph-measured MVPA was associated with 0.65 pmol/(s×mg)higher maxOXPHOS and 0.012 mM/s higher ATP_(max)after adjusting for age,site/technician,and sex(p<0.05).Light activity was not associated with maxOXPHOS or ATP_(max).Meanwhile,every 30 min/day spent in ActiGraph-measured sedentary behavior was associated with 0.39 pmol/s×mg lower maxOXPHOS and0.

关键词： Aging Exercise Mitochondria

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Feasibility Study of Assist-Linked Brief Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in a Rural Community of Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 206-222页

作者： Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka Audu Moses David Sambo Jacob Dusu Mafai Danboyi Kwei Dakwak Samuel Joseph Ndak Andarawus Zuhumnan Babatunde stephen Psychiatry Department Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Psychology Department Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Psychology Department University of Jos Jos Nigeria Plateau State Hospital Management Board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: We studied the feasibility of using Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked with Brief Intervention (ALBI) in treating Substance Use Disorder in Nigeria. There is a clear gap in meeting the needs for treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in Nigeria with many users reporting a self-perceived need for treatment and about 40% of them wanting to receive drug treatment but were unable to access such services. Methods: ASSIST questionnaire was used to gather baseline data, and ALBI along with Motivational Interviewing (MI) was used to intervene for 6 weeks following which ASSIST score was repeated and compared with baseline. Results: Majority of the participants were aged 21 - 30 years, mostly males with (61.3%) lacking steady jobs. Lifetime prevalence of any drug use was (88.2%). Three months prevalence was nicotine (72.0%), alcohol (66.7%), cannabis (47.3%), opioids (11.8%) among others. The ASSIST scores were mostly on the severe ranges. ASSIST result after six weeks showed marked reduction. The Mean Difference (MD) in the ASSIST scores after intervention was significant for tobacco, opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. The Cohen’s D effect size was large for tobacco (1.08), alcohol (0.92) and cannabis (0.73) but low for other substances. Conclusion: ALBI along with MI was helpful in combating the menace of substance use.

关键词： ASSIST ALBI SUD Rural Community Nigeria

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Diagenetic and Reservoir Quality Variation of Miocene Sandstone Reservoir Analogues from Three Basins of Southern California,USA

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第5期31卷 930-949页

作者： Sunday E.Okunuwadje David macdonald stephen Bowden School of Geosciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UEUK Department of Geology University of BeninBenin City PMB 1154Nigeria

The Miocene sandstone deposits in the Southern California region are important hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, their development has been very challenging due to the wide variability in their reservoir quality. These sandstones have been studied from three sedimentary basins by petrographic thin section, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction to evaluate and compare the influence of diagenesis on their reservoir quality in these basins. Four petrofacies, namely P1(sand injectite or dyke), P2(sub-marine fan), P3(turbidite and marine-influenced alluvial fans) and P4(continental sandstones) have been identified. P1 and P2 characterise the sandstones in the San Joaquin forearc basin and are affected by kaolinite and extensive early calcite diagenesis. P3 and P4 delineate the sandstones in the Cajon Valley and Salton Trough strike-slip basins and are dominated by smectite, mixed illite-smectite, early calcite and late calcite diagenesis. Early calcite cement in P3 and P4 is in lower proportion than in P1 and P2. Although the dissolution of these sandstones by acidic fluids did not have a pattern, it, however, has the most considerable influence on P2 creating moldic pores which are expected to increase pore connectivity. The relatively abundant dissolution pores in P2, together with the absence of late authigenic calcite and illite clay in comparison to the other petrofacies studied are likely to make this sandstone facies the best reservoir targets in the Southern California region. These rocks are analogous to producing reservoirs in the region. However, because, petroleum accumulation in these reservoirs are compartmentalized by early calcite cement, maximum recovery using acidified fluids is recommended to dissolve the calcite-filled pores in order to increase connectivity of their pore network and enhance flow potential.

关键词： diagenesis petrofacies reservoir quality Miocene California

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