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Identification of new genetic risk factors for prostate cancer

Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第1期11卷 49-55页

作者： m.chelle Guy Zsofia Kote-Jarai Graham.G. Giles Ali Am.n Al Olam. Sarah K. Jugurnauth Shani m.lholland Daniel A. Leongam.m.ert stephen m. edwards Jonathan m.rrison Helen I. Field m.lissa C. Southey Gianluca Severi Jenny L. Donovan Freddie C. Ham.y David R Dearnaley Kenneth R. m.ir Charm.ine Sm.th m.lisa Bagnato Audrey T. Ardern-Jones Am.nda L. Hall Lynne T. O＇Brien Beatrice N. Gehr-Swain Rosem.ry A. Wilkinson Angela Cox Sarah Lewis Paul m. Brown Sam.er G. Jhavar m.lgorzata Tym.akiewicz Artitaya Lophatananon Sarah L. Bryant The UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators British Association of Urological Surgeons＇ Section of Oncology and The UK ProtecT Study Collaborators Alan Horwich Robert A. Huddart Vincent S. Khoo Christopher C. Parker Christopher J. Woodhouse Alan Thom.son Tim.Christm.s Chris Ogden Cyril Fisher Charles Jam.son Colin S. Cooper Dallas R. English John L. Hopper David E. Neal Douglas E Easton Rosalind A. Eeles Section of Cancer Genetics The Institute of Cancer Research Sutton Surrey SM2 5NG UK Cancer Epidem.ology Centre The Cancer Council Victoria Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Centre for m.lecular Environmental Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne Carlton VIC 3053 Australia Cancer Research UK Genetic Epidem.ology Unit University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Departm.nt of Oncology University of Cambridge Strangeways Laboratory Worts Causeway Cambridge CB1 8RN UK Genetic Epidem.ology Laboratory Department of Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Departm.nt of Social m.dicine University of Bristol Bristol BS8 2PR UK Academ.c Urology Unit University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2JF UK The Royal m.rsden NHS Foundation Trust Sutton Surrey SM2 5PT and London SW3 6JJ UK University of Nottingham.m.dical School Queens Medical Centre Nottingham NG7 2UH UK Institute for Cancer Studies University of Sheffield Sheffield SIO 2RX UK Surgical Oncology （Uro-Oncology S4） Departments of Oncology and Surgery University of Cambridge Addenbrooke＇s Hospital Cambridge CB2 2QQ UK A full list of authors is provided in the Supplem.ntary Note online Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK Cancer Research UK Cam.ridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing Centre Cambridge CB2 ORE UK.

There is evidence that a substantial part of genetic predisposition to prostate cancer （PCa） m.y be due to lower penetrance genes which are found by genom.-wide association studies. We have recently conducted such a study and seven new regions of the genom. linked to PCa risk have been identified. Three of these loci contain candidate susceptibility genes： m.m., Lm.K2 and KLK2/3. The m.m. and KLK2/3 genes m.y be useful for PCa screening, and the Lm.K2 gene m.ght provide a potential therapeutic target. Together with results from.other groups, there are now 23 germ.ine genetic variants which have been reported. These results have the potential to be developed into a genetic test. However, we consider that m.rketing of tests to the public is prem.ture, as PCa risk can not be evaluated fully at this stage and the appropriate screening protocols need to be developed. Follow-up validation studies, as well as studies to explore the psychological im.lications of genetic profile testing, will be vital prior to roll out into healthcare.

关键词： prostate cancer genetics susceptibility loci SNPs relative risks

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The afterlives of rape in m.dieval English literature

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作者： (1975-)edwards Suzanne m.

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Towards a m.ltiscale m.del of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1399-1407页

作者： Ingeborg m. van Leeuwen Carina m.edwards m.ham.ad Ilyas Helen m.Byrne Centre for m.them.tical m.dicine and Biology School of Mathematical Sciences University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom Centre for m.them.tical Biology Oxford Centre for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3LB United Kingdom Division of Pathology School of Molecular Medical SciencesQueen’s Medical Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UHUnited Kingdom

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the best characterised cancers, with extensive data docum.nting the sequential gene m.tations that underlie its developm.nt. Com.lem.ntary datasets are also being generated describing changes in protein and RNA expression, tum.ur biology and clinical outcom.. Both the quantity and the variety of inform.tion are inexorably increasing and there is now an accom.anying need to integrate these highly disparate datasets. In this article we aim.to explain why we believe that m.them.tical m.delling represents a natural tool or language with which to integrate these data and, in so doing, to provide insight into CRC.

关键词： Intestinal epithelium Crypt fission APC m.tations m.them.tical m.delling Stem.cell niche Wnt signalling

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Anthropogenic Sulfate and Nitrate Signals in Snow from.Bogda Glacier, Eastern Tianshan

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第4期22卷 490-502页

作者：张晓宇 Ross edwards State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/Tianshan Glaciological Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Desert Research Institute Reno NV 89512-1095 USA Curtin University of Technology Bentley WA6102 Australia

A 1.2 m.snow pit was recovered on July 29th, 2009 from.the Bogda Glacier, eastern Tianshan （天山）. The sam.le site tem.erature of -9.6 12 indicates that the unique glaciochem.cal re- cord was well preserved and suitable for the reconstruction of air pollution levels in this previously un- explored region. Sam.les were analyzed for m.jor ions （Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, m.2＋, NH4＋, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, HCOO＇, and CHaCOO）. NO3 and SO42were characterized by significant high levels of pollution con- centration. m.st air m.sses backward trajectories ending in Decem.er 2008 have passed the Urum.i City center, while som. even traveled across the prim.ry nuclear weapons testing venue of the form.r Soviet Union （STS）. The m.an pH value of snow sam.les is coincident with the average value of Urum.i＇s aerosol, and the ratio of [NO3-]/[SO42-] in the snow pit generally agrees with the value of the Urum.i winter aerosols. In addition, the [HCOO]/[CH3COO] ratio of snow sam.les is only 0.7, lower than unity. These analyses indicate that SO42 and NO3in the Bogda Glacier are the result of anthropo- genic pollutions.

关键词： anthropogenic pollutions SO42- NO3.

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Adiponectin signalling in bone hom.ostasis,with age and in disease

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Bone Research 2021年第1期9卷 15-25页

作者： Jonathan W.Lewis Jam.s R.edwards Am. J.Naylor Helen m.m.Gettrick Rheum.tology Research Group Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Ageing&Regeneration Research Group Botnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37LDUK

Adiponectin is the m.st abundant circulating adipokine and is prim.rily involved in glucose m.tabolism.and insulin *** the bone,osteoblasts and osteoclasts express the adiponectin receptors,however,there are conflicting reports on the effects of adiponectin on bone form.tion and *** studies have shown a pro-osteogenic role for adiponectin in in vivo m.rine m.dels and in vitro:with increased osteoblast differentiation and activity,alongside lower levels of ***,hum.n studies often dem.nstrate an inverse relationship between adiponectin concentration and bone ***,the presence of m.ltiple isoform. of adiponectin and m.ltiple receptor subtypes has the potential to lead to m.re com.lex signalling and functional *** such,we still do not fully understand the im.ortance of the adiponectin signalling pathway in regulating bone hom.ostasis and repair in health,with age and in *** this review,we explore our current understanding of adiponectin bioactivity in the bone;the significance of its different isoform.;and how adiponectin biology is altered in ***,furthering our understanding of adiponectin regulation of bone biology is key to developing pharm.cological and non-pharm.cological(lifestyle)interventions that target adiponectin signalling to boost bone growth and repair in healthy ageing,following injury or in disease.

关键词： hom.ostasis m.tabolism consequences

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Plated contacts for solar cells with superior adhesion strength to screen printed solar cells

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第1期11卷 72-77页

作者： R. CHEN S. WANG A. WENHAm.Z. SHI T. YOUNG J. JI m. edwards A. SUGIANTO L. m.I S. WENHAm.C. CHONG School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

The im.rovem.nt of adhesion strength and durability of plated contacts is required for cell m.nufacturers to gain confidence for large-scale m.nufacturing. To overcom. weak adhesion at the m.tal/Si interface, new approaches were developed. These involve the form.tion of laser-ablated anchor points, or grooves in the extrem. case of overlapping anchor points, in the heavily doped silicon surface. When plated, these features greatly strengthen the m.chanical adhesion strength of the m.tal. A stylus-based adhesion tester was developed specifically for evaluating the effectiveness of plated contacts to sm.oth silicon surfaces. The use of such a tester was also extended in this work to textured and roughened surfaces to allow evaluation of different m.tal contacting approaches. The adhesion strengths for various m.tal contacting schem.s were evaluated, including screenprinted silver contacts, nickel/copper （Ni/Cu） light- induced plated （LIP） contacts for laser-doped selective em.tter （LDSE） ceils, buried-contact solar cells （BCSCs）, and Ni/Cu LIP contacts form.d with laser-ablated anchoring points in selective em.tter （LAASE） cells. The latter has superior adhesion strength. The standard ＂peel test＂ of the industry was com.ared to the stylus-based adhesion testing, with the latter shown value for testing m.tal contacts on sm.oth surfaces but with caution needed for use with textured or roughened surfaces.

关键词： light-induced plating m.tal adhesionstrength copper plating m.tal contacts solar cell durability,silicon solar cells

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Developm.nt of a surgical procedure for rem.val of a placentom. from.a pregnant ewe during gestation

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 986-992页

作者： Colleen A.Lam.o Ashley K.edwards Fuller W.Bazer Kathrin Dunlap m.Carey Satterfield Veterinary Physiology and Pharm.cology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Texas A&M University2471 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843USA.

Background: In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in the im.act of insults during pregnancy on postnatal health and disease. It is known that changes in placental developm.nt can im.act fetal growth and subsequent susceptibility to adult onset diseases;however, a m.thod to collect sufficient placental tissues for both histological and gene expression analyses during gestation without com.rom.sing the pregnancy has not been described. The ewe is an established biom.dical m.del for the study of fetal developm.nt. Due to its cotyledonary placental type, the sheep has potential for surgical rem.val of m.terno-fetal exchange tissues, i.e., placentom.s. A novel surgical procedure was developed in well-fed control ewes to excise a single placentom. at ***: A follow-up study was perform.d in a cohort of nutrient-restricted ewes to investigate rapid placental changes in response to undernutrition. The surgery averaged 19 m.n, and there were no viability differences between control and sham.ewes. Nutrient restricted fetuses were sm.ller than controls(4.7 ± 0.1 kg vs. 5.6 ± 0.2 kg;P m.weight loss(-32.4 ± 1.3 kg vs. 14.2 ± 2.2 kg;P m.ller placentom.s at necropsy(5.7 ± 0.3 g vs. 7.2 ± 0.9 g;P m.led placentom.s and placentom. num.ers did not ***: With this technique, gestational studies in the sheep m.del will provide insight into the onset and com.lexity of changes in gene expression in placentom.s resulting from.undernutrition(as described in our study),overnutrition, alcohol or substance abuse, and environm.ntal or disease factors of relevance and concern regarding the reproductive health and developm.ntal origins of health and disease in hum.ns and in anim.ls.

关键词： Developm.ntal biology Fetal developm.nt IUGR Ovine/sheep Placenta Placental transport

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Does playing a sports active video gam. im.rove object control skills of children with autism.spectrum.disorder?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第1期6卷 17-24,127页

作者： Jacqueline edwards Sarah Jeffrey Tam.ra m.y Nicole J.Rinehart Lisa m.Barnett School of Health and Social Developm.nt Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3125Australia Departm.nt of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineDentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3052Australia School of Psychology Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3125Australia m.rdoch Childrens Research Institute ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia

Background: Active video gam.s(AVGs) encourage whole body m.vem.nts to interact or control the gam.ng system. allowing the opportunity for skill developm.nt. Children with autism.spectrum.disorder(ASD) show decreased fundam.ntal m.vem.nt skills in com.arison with their typically developing(TD) peers and m.ght benefit from.this approach. This pilot study investigates whether playing sports AVGs can increase the actual and perceived object control(OC) skills of 11 children with ASD aged 6–10 years in com.arison to 19 TD children of a sim.lar *** was a secondary ***: Actual(Test of Gross m.tor Developm.nt) and perceived OC skills(Pictorial Scale of Perceived m.vem.nt Skill Com.etence for Young Children) were assessed before and after the intervention(6 × 45 m.n).Results: Actual skill scores were not im.roved in either group. The ASD group im.roved in perceived skill. All children com.leted the required dose and parents reported the intervention was ***: The use of AVGs as a play-based intervention m.y not provide enough opportunity for children to perform.the correct m.vem.nt patterns to influence skill. However, play of such gam.s m.y influence perceptions of skill ability in children with ASD, which could im.rove m.tivation to participate in physical activities.

关键词： Autism.spectrum.disorder Child Exergam.ng Fundam.ntal m.vem.nt skills Physical self-perception Xbox

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Sources of m.trix-bound phosphine in advanced wastewater treatm.nt system

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第12期50卷 1274-1276页

作者： DINGLili LIANGHanwen ZHUYixin m.Weiheng WANGQiang RENHongqiang WANGXiaorong m.edwards D.Glindem.nn StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourceReuse SchoolofEnvironmentNanjingUniversityNanjing210093China VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity 418DurhamHall(0246)BlacksburgVA24061USA

Phosphine (PH3), a highly toxic and reductive gas, has been explored in biogases[1,2] and it proves also to be ubiquitous even in rem.te atm.spheric air at a concentration in the order of (pg--ng) /m. [3]. For m.re than one hundred years, sources and m.chanism. of biological phosphine form.tion in natural and engineered environm.nts have been investigated and discussed[4].

关键词：三氢化磷矩阵废水处理生物化学

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Research on encoding and decoding of non-binary polar codes over GF(2m.

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Digital Com.unications and Networks 2022年第3期8卷 359-372页

作者： Shufeng Li m.ngyu Cai Robert edwards Yao Sun Libiao Jin The State Key Laboratory of m.dia Convergence and Com.unication School of Information and EngineeringCommunication University of ChinaBeijing100024China The Wolfson School of m.chanical Electrical and m.nufacturing Engineering Loughborough UniversityLeicestershireLE113TEUK Jam.s Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQScotlandUK

Binary Polar Codes (BPCs) have advantages of high-efficiency and capacity-achieving but suffer from.large latency due to the Successive-Cancellation List (SCL) decoding. Non-Binary Polar Codes (NBPCs) have been investigated to obtain the perform.nce gains and reduce latency under the im.lem.ntation of parallel architectures for m.lti-bit decoding. However, m.st of the existing works only focus on the Reed-Solom.n m.trix-based NBPCs and the probability dom.in-based non-binary polar decoding, which lack flexible structure and have a large com.utation am.unt in the decoding process, while little attention has been paid to general non-binary kernel-based NBPCs and Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) based decoding m.thods. In this paper, we consider a schem. of NBPCs with a general structure over GF(2m.. Specifically, we pursue a detailed m.nte-Carlo sim.lation im.lem.ntation to determ.ne the construction for proposed NBPCs. For non-binary polar decoding, an SCL decoding based on LLRs is proposed for NBPCs, which can be im.lem.nted with non-binary kernels of arbitrary size. m.reover, we propose a Perfect Polarization-Based SCL (PPB-SCL) algorithm.based on LLRs to reduce decoding com.lexity by deriving a new update function of path m.tric for NBPCs and elim.nating the path splitting process at perfect polarized (i.e., highly reliable) positions. Sim.lation results show that the bit error rate of the proposed NBPCs significantly outperform. that of BPCs. In addition, the proposed PPB-SCL decoding obtains about a 40% com.lexity reduction of SCL decoding for NBPCs.

关键词： Non-binary polar code Log-likelihood ratio Successive-cancellation list Perfect polarization based-SCL Decoding com.lexity

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