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Two decades of variable retention in British Columbia: a review of its implementation and effectiveness for biodiversity conservation

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 402-423页

作者： William j.Beese john Deal B.Glen Dunsworth stephen j.mitchell Timothy j.Philpott Vancouver Island University 900 Fifth StreetNanaimoBC V9R 5S5Canada Western Forest Products 118–1334 Island Hwy.Campbell RiverBC V9W 8C9Canada Glen Dunsworth Ecological Consulting 7857 Shangri-La Rd.LantzvilleBC V0R 2H0Canada University of British Columbia 2424 Main MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada BC Min.of Forests Lands and Nat.Res.Oper400–640 Borland St.Williams LakeBC V2G 4T1Canada

Stand-level retention is an important component of sustainable forest management which aims to balance ecological,social and economic ***-term retention of mature forest structures at the time of harvesting(variable retention)is intended to produce future forest stands that more closely resemble conditions that develop after natural disturbances,thereby maintaining greater diversity of habitats for a variety of *** includes features such as live and dead trees representing multiple canopy layers,undisturbed understory vegetation and coarse woody *** the past two decades,variable retention has become common on forest lands in the temperate rainforests of coastal British Columbia(BC)and has been applied to a lesser extent in inland forest *** review of studies in BC and in similar forest types in our region indicates that both aggregated and dispersed retention can contribute to biodiversity conservation by providing short-term‘life-boating’habitat for some species and by enhancing the structural characteristics of future *** example,greater abundance of species present in the pre-harvest forest have been documented for vegetation,birds,carabid beetles,gastropods,ectomycorrhizal fungi and soil fauna in retention cutblocks compared to *** are,however,some negative consequences for timber production such as wind damage to retained trees and reduced growth rates of tree regeneration compared to *** authors suggest an adaptive management approach for balancing competing objectives when faced with *** includes monitoring the implementation and effectiveness of various strategies for achieving *** two decades of experience applying variable retention harvesting to industrial-scale management of forest lands in BC suggests that it is possible to balance production of wood with biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Alternative silvicultural systems Clearcutting Biological legacies Forest biodiversity Old-growth Variable retention British Columbia

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A REDUCED ORDER SCHWARZ METHOD FOR NONLINEAR MULTISCALE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS BASED ON TWO-LAYER NEURAL NETWORKS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 570-596页

作者： Shi Chen Zhiyan Ding Qin Li stephen j.Wright Mathematics Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of California-BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Mathematics Department and Discovery Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI 53706USA Computer Sciences Department University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA

Neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts,including solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition,an accelerated Schwarz framework,and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundarymap for the subdomains,which is the key step in the Schwarz ***,the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each *** leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems,our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary *** method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale p-Laplace *** both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.

关键词： Nonlinear homogenization Multiscale elliptic problem Neural networks Do-main decomposition

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Harnessing the power of complex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARCY L.SMITH LINH V.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REjA ERIK P.SCHARTNER HEIKE EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAVID j.OTTAWAY stephen C.WARREN-SMITH Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physics and Photonics Devices Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental *** properties can be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatially resolved sensing information into the speckle pattern and the ability to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode coupling is crucial to achieving spatially resolved *** leverage machine learning to quantitatively extract the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatically different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode coupling provides the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

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Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.stephen Chris R.Burke jennie E.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire V.C.Phyn Dorian j.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey University RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture Victoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGEP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGEP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(EBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

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Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal MHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-MHD model error field penetration

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A Modified Lagrange Method for Solving Convex Quadratic Optimization Problems

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Open journal of Optimization 2024年第1期13卷 1-20页

作者： Twum B. stephen Avoka john Christian j. Etwire School of Mathematical Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Mathematics University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

In this paper, a modified version of the Classical Lagrange Multiplier method is developed for convex quadratic optimization problems. The method, which is evolved from the first order derivative test for optimality of the Lagrangian function with respect to the primary variables of the problem, decomposes the solution process into two independent ones, in which the primary variables are solved for independently, and then the secondary variables, which are the Lagrange multipliers, are solved for, afterward. This is an innovation that leads to solving independently two simpler systems of equations involving the primary variables only, on one hand, and the secondary ones on the other. Solutions obtained for small sized problems (as preliminary test of the method) demonstrate that the new method is generally effective in producing the required solutions.

关键词： Quadratic Programming Lagrangian Function Lagrange Multipliers Optimality Conditions Subsidiary Equations Modified Lagrange Method

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SARS-CoV-2 triggers Dickkopf-1(Dkk-1)modulation of T helper cells and lung pathology in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 9-12页

作者： Yifan Wu Freedom M.Green stephen A.Shaw Lauren j.Bonilla Shannon E.Ronca Maria Elena Bottazzi Farrah Kheradmand jill E.Weatherhead Department of Pathology&Immunology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pediatrics One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA National School of Tropical Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Molecular Virology&Microbiology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX77030USA Biologyof Inflammation Center Baylor College of MedicineOne BaylorPlazaHoustonTX77030USA Michael E.DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases HoustonTX 77030USA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCov-2)is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)*** viral infections like SARS-CoV-2,a robust anti-viral type 1 immune response,including upregulation of type 1 CD4+T helper cells(Th1),is required for effective viral clearance while minimizing end-organ pathology and collateral tissue damage.

关键词： pathology acute respiratory

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Doxorubicin-conjugated siRNA lipid nanoparticles for combination cancer therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第4期13卷 1429-1437页

作者： Kamila Butowska Xuexiang Han Ningqiang Gong Rakan El-Mayta Rebecca MHaley Lulu Xue Wenqun Zhong Wei Guo Karin Wang Michael j.mitchell Department of Bioengineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdańsk&Medical University of GdańskGdańsk 80-307Poland Department of Biology University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Bioengineering Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Abramson Cancer Center Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Institute for Immunology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Cardiovascular Institute Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Institute for Regenerative Medicine Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Evasion of apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer,attributed in part to overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2).In a variety of cancer types,including lymphoma,Bcl-2 is *** targeting of Bcl-2 has demonstrated efficacy in the clinic and is the subject of extensive clinical testing in combination with ***,the development of co-delivery systems for Bcl-2 targeting agents,such as small interfering RNA(siRNA),and chemotherapeutics,such as doxorubicin(DOX),holds promise for enabling combination cancer *** nanoparticles(LNPs)are a clinically advanced nucleic acid delivery system with a compact structure suitable for siRNA encapsulation and *** by ongoing clinical trials of albumin-hitchhiking doxorubicin prodrugs,here we developed a DOX-siRNA co-delivery strategy via conjugation of doxorubicin to the surface of siRNAloaded *** optimized LNPs enabled potent knockdown of Bcl-2 and efficient delivery of DOX into the nucleus of Burkitts'lymphoma(Raji)cells,leading to effective inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse model of *** on these results,our LNPs may provide a platform for the co-delivery of various nucleic acids and DOX for the development of new combination cancer therapies.

关键词： Lipid nanoparticles Doxorubicin Bcl-2 siRNA delivery Chemotherapy Lymphoma

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Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira john M.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy j.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

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从机械机器人到智能机器人:人工智能的图像学

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外国文学研究 2024年第3期46卷 1-7页

作者： W.j.T.米切尔韦清琦(译) 美国芝加哥大学东南大学外国语学院

智能机器人将人类带入了自原子弹、电灯或是印刷术以来最伟大的科技革命之中,同时智能机器也能走火入魔这一构思也向来是科幻作品的核心想象。纵观媒体发明的历史长河,对人工智能的恐慌并不新鲜,人们曾认为书写的发明和照相术将扼杀记... 详细信息

智能机器人将人类带入了自原子弹、电灯或是印刷术以来最伟大的科技革命之中,同时智能机器也能走火入魔这一构思也向来是科幻作品的核心想象。纵观媒体发明的历史长河,对人工智能的恐慌并不新鲜,人们曾认为书写的发明和照相术将扼杀记忆和绘画,现在又照例指责数码正在毁灭模拟技术的独一性。人类应该冷静下来,采取对症下药的态度。有必要解构关于人与机器之差异的想象,而毋需躲避与智能机器人的交互谈话。人类物种虽然在作茧自缚,但同时又以进化与生态智能为基础,努力建设可持续全球体系。图像学研究的图像和文字同时包括了机器和人类的作品,因而相关的研究者应明确自己的任务:就文字与图像和智能机器人展开对话,在上述人类的生存努力中谋求与智能机器人携手合作。

关键词：智能机器人人工智能机器图像学传媒人文

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