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Fragility of statistically significant findings from randomized clinical trials of surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第9期13卷 825-836页

作者： stephen craig morris Anirudh K Gowd Avinesh Agarwalla Wesley P Phipatanakul Nirav H Amin Joseph N Liu Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92354United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest University Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Premier Orthopaedic and Trauma SpecialistsPomonaCA 91767United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery USC Epstein Family Center for Sports MedicineLos AngelesCA 90089United States

BACKGROUND Despite recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials(RCTs),there remains no consensus regarding the preferred surgical treatment for humeral shaft *** fragility index(FI)is an emerging tool used to evaluate the robustness of RCTs by quantifying the number of participants in a study group that would need to switch outcomes in order to reverse the study *** To investigate the fragility index of randomized control trials assessing outcomes of operative fixation in proximal humerus *** We completed a systematic review of RCTs evaluating the surgical treatment of humeral shaft *** criteria included:articles published in English;patients randomized and allotted in 1:1 ratio to 2 parallel arms;and dichotomous outcome *** FI was calculated for total complications,each complication individually,and secondary surgeries using the Fisher exact test,as previously *** Fifteen RCTs were included in the analysis comparing open reduction plate osteosynthesis with dynamic compression plate or locking compression plate,intramedullary nail,and minimally invasive plate *** median FI was 0 for all parameters *** individual outcomes,the FI was 0 for 81/91(89%)of *** FI exceeded the number lost to follow up in only 2/91(2%)*** The FI shows that data from RCTs regarding operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures are fragile and does not demonstrate superiority of any particular surgical technique.

关键词： Humerus fracture Open reduction internal fixation Intramedullary nail Fragility index Complications Fragility index

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Development of soft kernel durum wheat

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第3期6卷 273-278页

作者： craig F.morris USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory Washington State University

Kernel texture(grain hardness) is a fundamental and determining factor related to wheat(Triticum spp.) milling, baking and flour *** are three kernel texture classes in wheat: soft and hard hexaploid(***), and very hard durum(*** ***).The genetic basis for these three classes lies with the Puroindoline ***, the easiest means of quantifying kernel texture is with the Single Kernel Characterization System(SKCS), although other means are valid and can provide fundamental material *** SKCS values for soft wheat would be around 25 and for durum wheat≥*** kernel durum wheat was created via homeologous recombination using the ph1b mutation, which facilitated the transfer of ca.28 Mbp of5 DS that replaced ca.21 Mbp of 5 *** 5 DS translocation contained a complete and intact Hardness locus and both Puroindoline *** of the Puroindoline genes in durum grain resulted in kernel texture and flour milling characteristics nearly identical to that of soft wheat, with high yields of break and straightgrade flours, which had small particle size and low starch *** water absorption was markedly reduced compared to durum flour and *** strength was essentially unchanged and reflected the inherent gluten properties of the durum *** quality was essentially equal-to-or-better than pasta made from ***, soft durum germplasm showed good potential with moderate grain yield and resistance to a number of fungal pathogens and *** breeding efforts will no doubt further improve the quality and competitiveness of soft durum cultivars.

关键词： soft durum wheat grain hardness Puroindolines milling baking pasta noodles

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Dominant species of mid-elevation grasslands of the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park are predicted to be largely immune to climate change

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第9期20卷 2468-2486页

作者： Debbie JEWITT craig D.morris Tim G.O’CONNOR Michelle J.TEDDER Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Scientific ServicesPO Box 13053Cascades 3202South Africa School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgPrivate Bag X3WITS 2050South Africa Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production(ARC-AP) ℅School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa

Anticipating global change impact on natural vegetation,especially in poorly researched systems,requires an understanding of the environmental factors that most strongly influence the organisation of plant communities at different *** environmental relations of plant communities in the Drakensberg mountains of South Africa remain poorly *** study investigated the influence of selected environmental determinants on the dominant species of plant community organisation in this *** order to provide an overview of the influence of the environment on botanical composition and plant diversity,this study,conducted as four discrete exercises,investigated the interplay of altitude,aspect and slope on the abundance of selected species,and to examine the influence of latitude,geological substrate and local topography on species *** diversity showed no pattern of response to investigated environmental *** composition was related to temperature and solarradiation *** altitude sites facing east were distinct for non-graminoid *** and latitude exerted a pronounced effect on species composition,confounded by longitude and precipitation *** substrate,in concert with slope steepness and orientation,influenced composition,restricting the abundance but not distribution of some *** individualistic responses were found for C_3,C_4,and non-graminoid species in relation to altitude,slope and *** and aspect mediate the effects of altitude and hence temperature for some *** study has demonstrated the complexity of drivers influencing species and compositional distribution in the Drakensberg and permits a preliminary consideration of potential changes in the composition and dominance structure of mid-elevation grasslands in response to climate *** dominant grass species were widespread across environmental gradients,occupying currently warm,cool,moist and dry habitats

关键词： Drakensberg Environmental gradients Grasslands Mountain biodiversity Vegetation

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Identifying the impediments and enablers of ecohealth for a case study on health and environmental sanitation in Hà Nam, Vietnam

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 325-337页

作者： Vi Nguyen Hung Nguyen-Viet Phuc Pham-Duc craig stephen Scott A McEwen Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Guelph2509 Stewart Building(#45)Guelph N1G 2W1ONCanada Public Health Risk Sciences Division Laboratory for Foodborne ZoonosesPublic Health Agency of Canada160 Research LaneUnit 206GuelphON N1G 5B2Canada Center for Public Health and Ecosystem Research Hanoi School of Public Health(HSPH)138 Giang Vo StreetHanoiVietnam Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute(Swiss TPH) and International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI)Socinstrasse 57CH-4002 BaselSwitzerland and HanoiVietnam Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology(ESWAG) Sandec–Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing CountriesP.O.BoxCH-8600DübendorfSwitzerland Department of Ecosystem and Public Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryTRW 2D263280 Hospital DriveNWCalgaryAlberta T2N 4Z6Canada Centre for Coastal Health 900 Fifth StreetNanaimoBritish Columbia V9R 5S5Canada

Background:To date,research has shown an increasing use of the term“ecohealth”in literature,but few researchers have explicitly described how it has been *** investigated a project on health and environmental sanitation(the conceptual framework of which included the pillars of ecohealth)to identify the impediments and enablers of ecohealth and investigate how it can move from concept to ***:A case study approach was *** interview questions were centred on the nature of interactions and the sharing of information between ***:The analysis identified nine impediments and 15 enablers of *** themes relating to impediments,in particular-integration is not clear,don’t understand,and limited participation-related more directly to the challenges in applying the ecohealth pillars of transdisciplinarity and *** themes relating to enablers-awareness and understanding,capacity development,and interactions-facilitated usage of the research *** extracting information on the environmental,social,economic,and health aspects of environmental sanitation,we found that the issue spanned multiple scales and ***:The challenge of how to integrate these aspects should be considered at the design stage and throughout the research *** recommend that ecohealth research teams include a self-investigation of their processes in order to facilitate a comparison of moving from concept to practice,which may offer insights into how to evaluate the process.

关键词： Ecohealth Evaluation Health Sanitation Case study Vietnam

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Robotic surgery for multi-visceral resection in locally advanced colorectal cancer:Techniques,benefits and future directions

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2023年第4期6卷 123-126页

作者： Chahaya Gauci Praveen Ravindran stephen Pillinger Andrew craig Lynch Australian Robotic Colorectal Surgery SydneyAustralia Sydney Medical School Unversity of Sydney.Sydney Australia St George and Sutherland Clinical School Uhriversity of New South Wules MedidneSydneyAustrulia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UnversityCanberraAustulia

Colorectal cancer accounts for 10%of diagnosed cancers globally and often presents as advanced disease,necessitating aggressive *** both younger and healthier elderly patients being diagnosed,as well as potentially the need for salvage therapy post total neoadjuvant treatment,surgical options for cure include pelvic *** typically performed via an open approach,there has been an increased utilisation of minimally invasive techniques including robotic *** smaller in-cisions,reduced postoperative pain,and quicker recovery time than open surgery,robotic techniques have demonstrated lower blood loss,shorter hospital stays,and reduced ***,the er-gonomic design of robotic systems provides surgeons with comfort during long procedures and increased *** also offers an increased opportunity for organ preservation and reconstruction whilst maintaining adequate oncological *** robotic technology continues to evolve and combines with artificial intelligence,it is poised to play an even more significant role in the management of complex colorectal cancer cases,improving survival and long-term outcomes.

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Robotic surgical procedures Pelvic exenteration Multivisceral surgery Artificial intelligence

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Efficient fastest-path computations for road maps

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第2期7卷 267-281页

作者： Renjie Chen craig Gotsman University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJUSA

In the age of real-time online traffic information and GPS-enabled devices,fastest-path computations between two points in a road network modeled as a directed graph,where each directed edge is weighted by a“travel time”value,are becoming a standard feature of many navigation-related *** support this,very efficient computation of these paths in very large road networks is *** paths may be computed as minimal-cost paths in a weighted directed graph,but traditional minimal-cost path algorithms based on variants of the classical Dijkstra algorithm do not scale well,as in the worst case they may traverse the entire graph.A common improvement,which can dramatically reduce the number of graph vertices traversed,is the A*algorithm,which requires a good heuristic lower bound on the minimal *** introduce a simple,but very effective,heuristic function based on a small number of values assigned to each graph *** values are based on graph separators and are computed efficiently in a preprocessing *** present experimental results demonstrating that our heuristic provides estimates of the minimal cost superior to those of other *** experiments show that when used in the A*algorithm,this heuristic can reduce the number of vertices traversed by an order of magnitude compared to other heuristics.

关键词： shortest-path road map heuristic GPS navigation A^(*)search

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New Identities for Weak KAM Theory(For Haim Brezis,in continuing admiration)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 379-392页

作者： Lawrence craig EVANS Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA.

This paper records for the Hamiltonian H =1/2|p|~2+ W(x) some old and new identities relevant for the PDE/variational approach to weak KAM theory.

关键词： Weak KAM theory, Effective Hamiltonian, Hamiltonian dynamics

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Regarding the Distribution of Glue in the Pion

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第8期38卷 17-22页

作者： Lei Chang craig D.Roberts School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute for Nonperturbative Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Understanding why the scale of emergent hadron mass is obvious in the proton but hidden in the pion may rest on mapping the distribution functions(DFs)of all partons within the pion and comparing them with those in the proton;and since glue provides binding in quantum chromodynamics,the glue DF could play a special *** reliable predictions for the proton’s DFs is difficult because the proton is a three-valence-body bound-state *** sketched herein,the situation for the pion,a two-valence-body problem,is much better,with continuum and lattice predictions for the valence-quark and glue DFs in *** beginning of theory alignment is timely because experimental facilities now either in operation or planning promise to realize the longstanding goal of providing pion targets,thereby enabling precision experimental tests of rigorous theory predictions concerning Nature’s most fundamental Nambu-Goldstone bosons.

关键词： valence thereby rigorous

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Long-term chorioretinal changes following strabismus surgery——possible occult needle penetration

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第3期13卷 518-519页

作者： Victor M.Villegas stephen G.Schwartz craig A.McKeown Harry W.Flynn Jr Bascom Palmer Eye Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFlorida 33136United States

Dear Editor,cleral penetration during strabismus surgery was k3 first reported over 50 years ago[1].Early manuscripts reported the incidence of this complication around 10%[1].However,more recent studies suggest that ... 详细信息

关键词： IRB possible occult needle penetration Long-term chorioretinal changes following strabismus surgery

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Resolving the Bethe–Salpeter Kernel

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Chinese Physics Letters 2021年第7期38卷 17-22页

作者： Si-Xue Qin craig D.Roberts Department of Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute for Nonperturbative Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

A novel method for constructing a kernel for the meson bound-state problem is *** produces a closed form that is symmetry-consistent(discrete and continuous)with the gap equation defined by any admissible gluon-quark vertex,Γ.Applicable even when the diagrammatic content ofΓis unknown,the scheme can foster new synergies between continuum and lattice approaches to strong *** framework is illustrated by showing that the presence of a dressed-quark anomalous magnetic moment inΓ,an emergent feature of strong interactions,can remedy many defects of widely used meson bound-state kernels,including the mass splittings between vector and axial-vector mesons and the level ordering of pseudoscalar and vector meson radial excitations.

关键词： meson quark admissible

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