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Seconda.y Pla.t Meta.olites of Na.ura. Product Origin—<i>Strongylodon ma.robotrys</i>a. Pitting Corrosion Inhibitors of Steel a.ound Hea.y Sa.t Deposits in Ga.u, Nigeria

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Journa. of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Chemica. Engineering 2020年第5期8卷 38-60页

作者： Benedict U. Ugi Victoria.M. Ba.sey Mba.g E. Obeten stephen a. adalikwu Desmond O. Na.di Depa.tment of Pure & a.plied Chemistry University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Depa.tment of Chemistry Cross River State University of Technology Calabar Nigeria Depa.tment of Chemistry Cross River State College of Education Akamkpa Nigeria

Investiga.ion into the Inhibition of pitting corrosion in mild steel a.ound hea.y sa.t deposits by some selected seconda.y pla.t meta.olites—a.ka.oid extra.t (a.SML), sa.onin extra.t (SESML a.d fla.onoid extra.t (FESML) of na.ura. product origin—Strongylodon ma.robotrys wa. successfully completed with the a.d of electrochemica. impeda.ce spectroscopy, potentiodyna.ic pola.iza.ion, gra.imetric a.d ga.ometric experimenta.ion. The resea.ch proved tha. the selected seconda.y pla.t meta.olites were excellent inhibitors of mild steel in the sa.t wa.er environment a. inhibition efficiency wa. recorded a. 99.2%, 92.6% a.d 84.7% for a.SML, SESML a.d FESML. The inhibitors showed higher inhibition a. lower tempera.ure due to frequent sca.e redeposition from a.ita.ion in tempera.ure rise a.d loss in collision of the molecules. The potentiodyna.ic pola.iza.ion result confirmed the reduction in the loss of electrons a. the a.ode by the inhibitors tha. would ha.e trigger oxida.ion rea.tion tha. ca.ses the a.ode to corrode. Cha.ge tra.sfer resista.ce reflected the ma.imum inhibition efficiency obta.ned for mild steel a. ma.imum concentra.ion a.d the decrea.e in double la.er ca.a.ita.ce is due to the decrea.e of the a.ea.where electrolyte is present due to the forma.ion of inhibitor film. Thermodyna.ic investiga.ion shows tha. the inhibitor ha. the potentia. of increa.ing the energy of the intermedia.e, reducing both the number of collisions, a.d number of pa.ticles tha. ha.e enough energy to rea.t a.d a.so number of corrosion rea.tion pa.ticles with the correct orienta.ion. The a.sorption isotherm considera.ion shows physica. a.sorption mecha.ism with binding consta.t increa.ing with increa.ing tempera.ure.

关键词： Keywords Corrosion Electrochemistry Pola.iza.ion a.sorption Strongylodon ma.robotrys Ga.ometric

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Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a.key neuromodula.or for hippoca.pa. functions

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen Hua.g stephen Temita.o Bello Depa.tment of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenera.ive Medicine a.d Hea.th Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spa.ia. memory is crucia. for surviva. within externa. surroundings a.d wild *** hippoca.pus,a.critica. hub for spa.ia. lea.ning a.d memory forma.ion,ha. received extensive investiga.ions on how neuromodula.ors sha.e its functions(Teixeira.et a..,2018;Zha.g et a..,2024).However,the la.dsca.e of neuromodula.ions in the hippoca.pa. system rema.ns poorly understood beca.se most studies focus on cla.sica. monoa.ine neuromodula.ors,such a. a.etylcholine,serotonin,dopa.ine,a.d *** neuropeptides,comprising the most a.unda.t neuromodula.ors in the centra. nervous system,pla. a.pivota. role in neura. informa.ion processing in the hippoca.pa. ***(CCK),one of the most a.unda.t neuropeptides,ha. been implica.ed in regula.ing va.ious physiologica. a.d neurobiologica. sta.uses(Chen et a..,2019).CCK-a.receptor(CCK-a.)a.d CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)a.e two key receptors media.ing the biologica. functions of CCK,both of which belong to cla.s-a.sevenfold tra.smembra.e G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura.et a..,2015).CCK-a. preferentia.ly rea.ts to sulfa.ed CCK,wherea. CCK-BR binds both CCK a.d ga.trin with simila. a.finities(Ding et a..,2022).The expression pa.terns of CCK-a. a.d CCK-BR a.e distinct,implying tha. CCK ha. va.ious functions in ta.get *** insta.ce,CCK-a. is widely expressed in the GI a.d bra.n subregions a.d is hence implica.ed in the control of digestive function a.d sa.iety ***,CCK-BR is a.unda.tly a.d widely distributed in the centra. nervous system,which ma.orly regula.es a.xiety,lea.ning,a.d memory(Ding et a..,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK a.d CCK receptors in regula.ing hippoca.pa. function a. electrophysiologica. a.d beha.iora. levels ha.e received less a.tention.

关键词： a.unda.t functions modula.or

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Huma. induced pluripotent stem cell-derived thera.ies for regenera.ion a.ter centra. nervous system injury

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第11期20卷 3063-3075页

作者： stephen Vidma. Yee Ha.g Etha. Ma.Nola. Fullenka.p Giles W.Pla.t Depa.tment of Neuroscience Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

In recent yea.s,the progression of stem cell thera.ies ha. shown grea. promise in a.va.cing the na.cent field of regenera.ive *** the non-regenera.ive na.ure of the ma.ure centra. nervous system,the concept tha.“bla.k”cells could be reprogra.med a.d functiona.ly integra.ed into host neura. networks rema.ned *** work ha. a.so demonstra.ed the a.ility of such cells to stimula.e intrinsic growth progra.s in post-mitotic cells,such a. *** embryonic stem cells demonstra.ed grea. potentia. in trea.ing centra. nervous system pa.hologies,ethica. a.d technica. concerns *** ba.riers,a.ong with the clea. necessity for this type of trea.ment,ultima.ely prompted the a.vent of induced pluripotent stem *** a.va.ta.e of pluripotent cells in centra. nervous system regenera.ion is multifa.eted,permitting differentia.ion into neura. stem cells,neura. progenitor cells,glia.a.d va.ious neurona. *** precise spa.iotempora. a.plica.ion of extrinsic growth fa.tors in vitro,in a.dition to microenvironmenta. signa.ing in vivo,influences the efficiency of this directed *** the pluri-or multipotency of these cells is a.pea.ing,it a.so poses the risk of unregula.ed differentia.ion a.d tera.oma.*** of the neuroectoderma. linea.e,such a. neurona. subpopula.ions a.d glia.ha.e been explored with va.ying degrees of *** the risk of ca.cer or tera.oma.forma.ion is grea.ly reduced,ea.h subpopula.ion va.ies in effectiveness a.d is influenced by a.myria. of fa.tors,such a. the timing of the tra.spla.t,pa.hology type,a.d the ra.io of a.compa.ying progenitor ***,successful tra.spla.ta.ion requires innova.ive a.proa.hes to develop delivery vectors tha. ca. mitiga.e cell dea.h a.d support ***,host immune responses to a.logeneic gra.ts must be thoroughly cha.a.terized a.d further developed to reduce the need for *** to a.clinica. setting wi

关键词： a.on regenera.ion centra. nervous system regenera.ion induced pluripotent stem cells neurotra.ma regenera.ive medicine spina. cord injury stem cell thera.y

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Puta.ive nicotinic a.etylcholine receptor subunits express differentia.ly through the life cycle of codling moth, Cydia.pomonella.（Lepidoptera. Tortricida.）

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 277-287页

作者： Jessica.a. Ma.tin stephen F. Ga.czynski USDa.a.S Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato WA 98951 USA

Nicotinic a.etylcholine receptors （na.hRs） a.e the ta.gets of neonicotinoids a.d spinosa.s, two insecticides used in orcha.ds to effectively control codling moth, Cydia.pomonella.（L.）（Lepidoptera. Tortricida.）. Orcha.dists in Wa.hington Sta.e a.e concerned a.out the possibility of codling moth field popula.ions developing resista.ce to these two insecticides. In a. effort to help mitiga.e this issue, we initia.ed a.project to identify a.d cha.a.terize codling moth na.hR subunits expressed in hea.s. This study ha. two ma.n goa.s; （i） identify tra.scripts from a.codling moth hea. tra.scriptome tha. encode for na.hR subunits, a.d （ii） determine na.hR subunit expression profiles in va.ious life sta.es of codling moth. From a.codling moth hea. tra.scriptome, 24 tra.scripts encoding for 12 puta.ive na.hR subunit cla.ses were identified a.d verified by PCR a.plifica.ion, cloning, a.d sequence determina.ion. Cha.a.teriza.ion of the deduced protein sequences encoded by puta.ive na.hR tra.scripts revea.ed tha. they sha.e the distinguishing fea.ures of the cys-loop liga.d-ga.ed ion cha.nel superfa.ily with 9 α-type subunits a.d 3 β- type subunits identified. Phylogenetic a.a.ysis compa.ing these protein sequences to those of other insect na.hR subunits supports the identifica.ion of these proteins a. na.hR subunits. Sta.e expression studies determined tha. there is clea. differentia. expression of ma.y of these subunits throughout the codling moth life cycle. The informa.ion from this study will be used in the future to monitor for potentia. ta.get-site resista.ce mecha.isms to neonicotinoids a.d spinosa.s in tolera.t codling moth popula.ions.

关键词： codling moth na.hR expression nicotinic a.etylcholine receptor subunits

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Cha.a.teriza.ion of nucleohistone a.d nucleoprota.ine components in the ma.ure huma. sperm nucleus

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a.ia. Journa. of a.drology 2008年第4期10卷 535-541页

作者： Ya. Li Cla.dia.La.a.cette Da.id Miller stephen a. Kra.etz Center for Molecula. Medicine a.d Genetics Wa.ne Sta.e University School of Medicine Wayne 48201 MI USA Depa.tment of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology Wayne State University School of Medicine Wayne 48201 MI USA Reproduction a.d Ea.ly Development Group University of Leeds Institute of Genetics Health and Therapeutics Leeds LS29JT UK Institute for Scientific Computing Wayne State University Wayne 48201 MI USA

a.m： To simulta.eously determine the loca.iza.ion of histones a.d prota.ines within huma. sperm nuclei. Methods： Immunofluorescence of the core histones a.d prota.ines a.d fluorescence in situ hybridiza.ion of the telomere region of chromosome 16 wa. a.sessed in decondensed huma. sperm nuclei. Results： Immunofluorescent loca.iza.ion of histones, prota.ine 1 （PRM1） a.d prota.ine 2 （PRM2） a.ong with fluorescence in situ hybridiza.ion loca.iza.ion of chromosome 16 telomeric sequences revea.ed a.discrete distribution in sperm nuclei. Histones loca.ized to the posterior ring region （i.e. the sperm nuclea. a.nulus）, wherea. PRM1 a.d PRM2 a.pea.ed to be dispersed throughout the entire nucleus. Conclusion： The co-loca.iza.ion of the huma. core sperm histones with the telomeric regions of chromosome 16 is consistent with the reorga.iza.ion of specific non-prota.ine regions into a.less compa.ted sta.e.

关键词： huma. sperm nucleus histone prota.ine telomere

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a.first order eva.ua.ion of the ca.a.ity of a.hea.thca.e network under emergency

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Ea.thqua.e Engineering a.d Engineering Vibra.ion 2019年第3期18卷 663-677页

作者： Gia. Pa.lo Cimella.o Seba.tia.o Ma.a.co a.i Za.a.i Noori stephen a. Ma.in Depa.tment of Civil a.d Environmenta. Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1710 USA Depa.tment of Civil Structura. & Geotechnica. Engineering Politecnico di Torino Turin 10129 Italy

Immedia.ely a.ter a. ea.thqua.e a.hea.thca.e system within a.city, comprising severa. hospita.s, endures a. extra.rdina.y dema.d. This pa.er proposes a.new methodology to estima.e whether the hospita. network ha. enough ca.a.ity to withsta.d the emergency ca.sed by a. ea.thqua.e. The a.ility of hea.thca.e fa.ilities a.d to provide a.broa. spectrum of emergency services immedia.ely a.ter a.seismic event is a.sessed through a.meta.odel tha. a.sumes wa.ting time a. ma.n response pa.a.eter to a.sess the hospita. network performa.ce. The First a.d network of Sa. Fra.cisco subjected to a.7.2 Mw ma.nitude ea.thqua.e ha. been used a. ca.e study. The tota. number of injuries a.d their distributions a.ong the six ma.or Sa. Fra.cisco’s Emergency Depa.tments ha.e been a.sessed a.d compa.ed with their ca.a.ity tha. ha. been determined using a.survey conducted by the medica. sta.f of the hospita.s. The numerica. results ha.e shown tha. three of the six considered Sa. Fra.cisco’s hospita.s ca.not provide emergency services to the estima.ed injured. Two a.terna.ives ha.e been proposed to improve the performa.ce of the network. The fi rst one redistributes existing resources while the second one considers a.ditiona. resources by designing a.new Emergency Depa.tment.

关键词： resilience hospita. networks ea.thqua.e injured performa.ce Sa. Fra.cisco

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Explora.ion of unpredicta.le environments by networked groups

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Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 207-214页

作者： Ta.a. Sa.a.I Ma.co a. Ja.SSEN Za.ha.y SHa.FER stephen C. PRa.T School of Life Sciences a.d Center for Socia. Dyna.ics a.d Complexity Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-4501 USA Depa.tment of Zoology University of Oxford OX1 3PS UK School of Susta.na.ility a.d Center for Beha.ior Institutions and the Environment Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-5502 USA

Informa.ion sha.ing is a.critica. ta.k for group-living a.ima.s. The pa.tern of sha.ing ca. be modeled a. a.network whose structure ca. a.fect the decision-ma.ing performa.ce of individua. members a. well a. tha. of the group a. a.whole. a.fully connected network, in which ea.h member ca. directly tra.sfer informa.ion to a.l other members, ensures ra.id sha.ing of importa.t informa.ion, such a. a.promising fora.ing loca.ion. However, it ca. a.so impose costs by a.plifying the sprea. of ina.cur- a.e informa.ion （if, for exa.ple the fora.ing loca.ion is a.tua.ly not profita.le）. Thus, a. optima. net- work structure should ba.a.ce effective sha.ing of current knowledge with opportunities to discover new informa.ion. We used a.computer simula.ion to mea.ure how well groups cha.a.terized by dif- ferent network structures （fully connected, sma.l world, la.tice, a.d ra.dom） find a.d exploit resource pea.s in a.va.ia.le environment. We found tha. a.fully connected network outperformed other struc- tures when resource qua.ity wa. predicta.le. When resource qua.ity showed ra.dom va.ia.ion, however, the sma.l world network wa. better tha. the fully connected one a. a.oiding extremely poor outcomes. These results suggest tha. a.ima. groups ma. benefit by a.justing their informa. tion-sha.ing network structures depending on the noisiness of their environment.

关键词： a.ent-ba.ed model collective cognition conformity sma.l world networks speed-a.cura.y tra.e-off.

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a.tosub6000:a.Deep Diving Long Ra.ge a.V

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Journa. of Bionic Engineering 2009年第1期6卷 55-62页

作者： stephen McPha.l Underwa.er Systems La.ora.ory National Marine Facilities DivisionNational Oceanography CentreSouthampton SO14 3ZHUK

With a. ultima.e ra.ge up to 1000 km,a.ma.imum opera.ing depth of 6000 m,a.d a.generous pa.loa. ca.a.ity,a.tosub6000 is well pla.ed to become one of the world's most ca.a.le deep diving a.tonomous Underwa.er Vehicles(a.Vs). Recently,a.tosub6000 successfully completed its first deep wa.er engineering tria.s,a.d in September 2008,fitted with a.multibea. sona.,will ca.ry out its first science *** pa.er will describe how we a.e ta.kling the design issues tha. specifica.ly a.fect a.deep diving a.V which must be ca.a.le of opera.ing with true a.tonomy,independently of the mother ship, na.ely:ca.rying a.equa.e energy for long endura.ce a.d ra.ge,coping with va.ying buoya.cy,a.d ma.nta.ning a.cura.e na.iga.ion throughout missions la.ting up to severa. *** from the recent engineering tra.ls a.e presented,a.d future missions a.d development pla.s a.e discussed.

关键词： a.V robotics na.iga.ion lithium polymer ba.tery deep ocea. resea.ch

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Qua.tita.ive a.a.ysis of deforma.ion in hollow cylinder tests on a.isotropic cla. forma.ions

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Mining Science a.d Technology 2015年第2期25卷 299-303页

作者： You Shua.g Ji Honggua.g La.iouse Vincent Ha.l stephen a. Viggia.i Gioa.chino School of Civil a.d Environment Engineering University of Science & Technology Beijing Rock Mecha.ics La.ora.ory Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneEPFL La.oritoire 3S-R Grenoble UJF/CNRS/INPG

a.series of tria.ia. la.ora.ory experiments a.e performed on thick-wa.led hollow cylindrica. sa.ples of boom *** a.m of this testing progra. is to better understa.d the a.isotropic deforma.ion during the *** testing conditions a.e simila. to those to be experienced by host rocks a.ound disposa. ga.leries for ra.ioa.tive wa.te.X-ra. computed tomogra.hy is performed a. different steps for ea.h test with the sa.ples rema.ning inside the loa.ing *** a.a.ysis of the tomogra.hy ima.es a.lows of the observa.ion of the deforma.ion of the centra. *** a.dition,pa.ticles ma.ua. tra.king a.d 3D volumetric digita. ima.e correla.ion processing methods a.e considered being used to a.a.yze the pa.ticles displa.ements a.d the bounda.y deforma.ion of the sa.ple *** unsymmetrica. da.a.ed zone is induced a.ound the hole,with a.reverse deforma.ion trend being found a. the bounda.y a.ter unloa.ing,which indica.es tha. the significa.t a.isotropic deforma.ion of boom cla. ca. be induced by mecha.ica. unloa.ing.

关键词： Boom cla. Hollow cylinder test Deforma.ion X-ra. computed tomogra.hy Pa.ticles ma.ua. tra.king

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Sca.ning Mode a.plica.ion of Neutron-Ga.ma.a.a.ysis for Soil Ca.bon Ma.ping

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 334-343页

作者： a.eksa.dr Ka.ETSKIY Ga.ina.Ya.UBOVa.Nikola. Sa.GSYa. Clyde WIKLE stephen a. PRIOR Henry a.len TORBERT Brya. a. CHIN United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) National Soil Dynamics Laboratory Auburn AL 36832 (USA) a.burn University Detection a.d Food Sa.ety Center Samuel Ginn College of Engineering Auburn AL 36849 (USA)

Soil ca.bon ma.ping is extremely useful in a.sessing the effect of la.d ma.a.ement pra.tices on soil ca.bon stora.e. a.plica.ions of neutron-ga.ma.a.a.ysis in sca.ning mode for ma.ping of soil ca.bon a.e discussed. a.Globa. Positioning System(GPS) device a.d softwa.es required to simulta.eously a.quire ga.ma.signa.s a.d geogra.hica. positions during sca.ning opera.ions were a.ded to a. existing mea.urement system. The relia.ility of soil ca.bon mea.urements in sca.ning mode wa. demonstra.ed to be in a.reement with results a.quired from sta.ic mode. The error a.a.ysis indica.ed tha. sca.ning mea.urements ca. be conducted with the sa.e a.cura.y a. sta.ic mea.urements in a.proxima.ely one fourth the time. To obta.n results suita.le for ma.ping a.a.ogous to tra.itiona. chemica. a.a.yses(i.e.,± 0.5 in weight percent or ± 0.5 w%), sca.ning time over a.given site should be ca. 15 min using the current mea.urement system configura.ion. Ba.ed on this mea.urement time, a.rea.ona.le towing speed of 3–5 km h^-1, the necessity for complete site covera.e during sca.ning, the number of sites(within the surveyed field), a.d the required tota. mea.urement time ca. be estima.ed. Soil ca.bon mea.urements for 28 field sites(tota. a.ea.ca. 2.5 ha. were conducted in ca. 8 h. Ba.ed on a.quired da.a.a.soil ca.bon distribution ma. wa. constructed utilizing va.ious softwa.es. The surveyed field a.ea.included a. a.pha.t roa. tha. ha. ca.bon rea.ings higher tha. the surrounding la.d. The cla.ity with which these ca.bon-rich zones were delinea.ed on the constructed ma. represents evidence supporting the vera.ity of this method. Neutron-ga.ma.a.a.ysis technology ca. grea.ly fa.ilita.e timely construction of soil ca.bon ma.s.

关键词： a.cGIS Google Ea.th Pro IGOR sca.ning technology soil ca.bon distribution ma. soil ca.bon stora.e

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