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Urbanization does not increase“object curiosity”in vervet monkeys,but semi-urban individuals selectively explore food-related anthropogenic items

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 383-393页

作者： Lindsey Ellington stephanie Mercier Alba Motes-Rodrigo Erica van de Waal Sofa Forss Behavioural&Physiological Ecology University of GroningenP.O.Box 111039700 CCGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBiophore-CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057ZurichSwitzerland School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville3209South Africa

Urban environments expose animals to abundant anthropogenic materials and foods that facilitate foraging innovations in species with oppor-tunistic diets and high behavioral *** and exploration tendency are believed to be important behavioral traits for animals thriving in urban *** monkeys(Chlorocebus pygerythrus)are one of few primate species that have successfully adapted to urban environments,thus making them an ideal species to study these *** a within-species cross-habitat approach,we compared neophilia and exploration of novel objects(jointly referred to as"object curiosity")between semi-urban,wild,and captive monkeys to shed light on the cognitive traits facilitating urban *** measure"object curiosity:"we exposed monkeys to various types of novel stimuli and compared their approaches and explorative *** results revealed differences in the number of approaches and explorative behavior toward novel stimuli between the habitat types *** vervet monkeys were significantly more explorative than both semi-urban and wild troops,sug-gesting that positive experiences with humans and lack of predation,rather than exposure to human materials per se,influence object *** habitats,juvenile males were the most explorative age-sex *** is likely due to males being the dispersing sex and juveniles being more motivated to learn about their ***,we found that items potentially associated with human food,elicited stronger explorative responses in semi-urban monkeys than non-food related objects,suggesting that their motivation to explore might be driven by"anthrophilia'that is,their experience of rewarding foraging on similar anthropogenic food *** conclude that varying levels of exposure to humans,predation and pre-exposure to human food packaging explain variation in"object curiosity"in our sample of vervet monkeys.

关键词： animal urbanization neophilia novelty response object curiosity vervet monkeys

Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic repair of type II, III and IV hiatal hernias: A retrospective study comparing adverse outcomes

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 11-15页

作者： Payton Kooiker Shane Monnett stephanie Thompson Bryan Richmond West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine LewisburgWV24901United States Department of Surgery Charleston Area Medical CenterCharlestonWV25304United States

Objective:Robotic-assisted surgery(RAS)is continuing to expand in use in surgical specialties,including foregut *** available data on its use in large hiatal hernia(HH)repair are limited and *** study sought to determine whether there are significant differences in adverse outcomes following HH repair performed with a robotic approach vs.a laparoscopic *** study was limited to outcomes in patients with type II,III,and IV HHs,as these hernias are typically more challenging to ***:A retrospective analysis was performed from data obtained from TriNetX,a large deidentified clinical database,over a 10-year *** patients who underwent type II,III,or IV HH repair were included in the *** with robotic repair was compared to laparoscopic *** were propensity score matched for demographic information and *** ratios,risk differences(RDs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs),and t test for each examined adverse outcome were used to estimate the effects of robotic repair *** ***:In total,20,016 patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified;1,515 patients utilized RAS,and 18,501 used *** to matching,there were significant differences in age,sex,comorbidity,and BMI between the two *** 1:1 propensity score matching,analyses of 1,514 well-matched patient pairs revealed no significant differences in demographics or *** who underwent robotic repair were more likely to experience major complications,including venous thromboembolism(RD:0.007,95%CI:0.003,0.011;p?0.002),critical care(RD:0.023,95%CI:0.007,0.039;p?0.004),urinary/renal complications(RD:0.027,95%CI:0.014,0.041;p<0.001),and respiratory complications(RD:0.046,95%CI:0.028,0.064;p<0.001).RAS was associated with a significantly shorter length of stay(32.4±27.5 h vs.35.7±50.1 h,p?0.031),although this finding indicated a reduction in the length of stay of less than 4 *** statist

关键词： Hiatal hernia Robotic-assisted surgery Laparoscopic surgery Adverse outcomes

Post-operative morbidity after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and resection for gallbladder cancer: A national surgical quality improvement program analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 95-102页

作者： Minha Kim stephanie Stroever Krist Aploks Alexander Ostapenko Xiang Da Dong Ramanathan Seshadri Department of General Surgery Danbury HospitalDanburyCT 06810United States Department of Research and Innovation Nuvance HealthDanburyCT 06810United States Division of Surgical Oncology/Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Danbury HospitalDanburyCT 06810United States

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the biliary ***-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)has improved overall survival by enabling R0 ***,there is no consensus of guidelines for neoadjuvant therapy in gallbladder *** investigations continue to analyze the regimen and benefit of NACT for ongoing care of gallbladder cancer patients,we examined American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(NSQIP)database to determine if there was higher morbidity among the neo-adjuvant group within the 30-day post-operative *** hypothesized patients who underwent NACT were more likely to have higher post-operative *** To investigate the 30-day post-operative morbidity outcomes between patients who received NACT and underwent surgery and patients who only had *** A retrospective analysis of the targeted hepatectomy NSQIP data between 2015 and 2019 was performed to determine if NACT in gallbladder cancer increased the risk for post-operative morbidity(bile leak,infection rate,rate of converting to open surgery,etc.)compared to the group who only had *** calculate the odds ratio for the primary and secondary outcomes,a crude logistic regression was *** Of the 452 patients,52 patients received NACT prior to *** were no statistically significant differences in the odds of morbidity between the two groups,including bile leak[odds ratio(OR),0.69;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.16-2.10;P=0.55],superficial wound infection(OR,0.58;95%CI:0.03-3.02;P=0.61),and organ space wound infection(OR,0.63;95%CI:0.18-1.63;P=0.61).CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the risk of 30-day post-operative morbidity between the NACT and surgery group and the surgery only group.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Radical cholecystectomy National Surgery Quality Improvement Program Postoperative outcome

The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 older Australians:A longitudinal study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 841-850页

作者： Ding Ding Joe Van Buskirk stephanie Partridge Philip Clare Edward Giovannucci Adrian Bauman Nicole Freene Robyn Gallagher Binh Nguyen Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Charles Perkins Centre the University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Sydney Local Health District CamperdownNSW 2050Australia School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre UNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Health University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery the University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2050Australia

Background:A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease(CVD)***,despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health,the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly,particularly within the context of CVD *** examined the independent,interactive,and joint associations of diet and physical activity with CVD hospitalization,CVD mortality,and all-cause ***:CVD-free Australian participants aged 4574 years(n=85,545)reported physical activity,diet,sociodemographic,and lifestyle characteristics at baseline(20062009)and follow-up(20122015),and data were linked to hospitalization and death registries(03/31/2019 for CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality and 12/08/2017 for CVD mortality).Diet quality was categorized as low,medium,and high based on meeting dietary *** activity was operationalized as(a)total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)as per guidelines,and(b)the composition of MVPA as the ratio of vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)to total *** used a left-truncated cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model using time-varying ***:During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up,6576 participants were admitted to the hospital for CVD and 6581 died from all causes(876 from CVD during 9.3 years).A high-quality diet was associated with a 17%lower risk of all-cause mortality than a low-quality diet,and the highest MVPA category(compared with the lowest)was associated with a 44%and 48%lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality,*** interactions between diet and physical activity were *** all outcomes,the lowest risk combinations involved a high-quality diet and the highest MVPA *** for total MVPA,some VPA was associated with further risk reduction of CVD hospitalization and all-cause ***:For CVD prevention and longevity,one should adhere to both a healthy d

关键词： Diet Physical activity Cardiovascular disease Mortality Cohort studies

The Final Chord? Trying to keep Hawaiian steel guitar music alive

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第9期 6-7,38,39页

作者： stephanie Yang 不详

Quincy Cortez plucks at a slim black box laid across his legs,his fingers flashing *** strings twang with each pull from the metal rings-wearable guitar picks-adorning his right thumb,index and middle finger.

关键词： Chord flash Final

Childhood opportunity and appropriate use of child safety restraints in motor vehicle collisions

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 142-149页

作者： stephanie Y Chen Iris Garcia Shadassa Ourshalimian Chantel Lowery Pradip P Chaudhari Ryan G Spurrier Pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Injury Prevention Program Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Emergency and Transport Medicine Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Pediatrics University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Surgery University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objectives Safety restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions(MVCs)but are often improperly applied or not *** Childhood Opportunity Index(COI)reflects social determinants of health and its study in pediatric trauma is *** hypothesized that MVC patients from low-opportunity neighborhoods are less likely to be appropriately *** A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on children/adolescents≤18 years old in MVCs between January 1,2011 and December 31,*** were identified from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles trauma *** outcome was safety restraint use(appropriately restrained,not appropriately restrained).COI levels by home zip codes were stratified as very low,low,moderate,high,and very *** regression controlling for age identified factors associated with safety restraint *** Of 337 patients,73.9%were appropriately restrained and 26.1%were not appropriately *** with appropriately restrained patients,more not appropriately restrained patients were from low-COI(26.1%vs 20.9%),high-COI(14.8%vs 10.8%)and very high-COI(10.2%vs 3.6%)*** analysis demonstrated no significant associations in appropriate restraint use and *** was a non-significant trend that children/adolescents from moderate-COI neighborhoods were more likely than those from very low-COI neighborhoods to be appropriately restrained(OR=1.82,95%CI 0.78,4.28).Conclusion Injury prevention initiatives focused on safety restraints should target families of children from all neighborhood types.

关键词： MVC restrained neighborhood

Risk factors for long COVID in children and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 133-142页

作者： Daniel G.Rayner Elaine Wang Cloris Su Om D.Patel stephanie Aleluya Alessandra Giglia Evelyn Zhu Maha Siddique Department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactFaculty of Health SciencesMcMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Health Sciences McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Science McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada

Background The long-term sequelae of COVID-19 in children and adolescents remain poorly understood and *** systematic review and meta-analysis sought to summarize the risk factors for long COVID in the pediatric *** We searched six databases from January 2020 to May 2023 for observational studies reporting on risk factors for long COVID or persistent symptoms those were present 12 or more weeks post-infection using multivariable regression *** registries,reference lists of included studies,and preprint servers were hand-searched for relevant ***-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool odds ratios for each risk *** study risk of bias was rated using QUIPS,and the GRADE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence for each unique *** Sixteen observational studies(N=46,262)were included,and 19 risk factors were amenable to *** moderate certainty in the evidence,age(per 2-year increase),allergic rhinitis,obesity,previous respiratory diseases,hospitalization,severe acute COVID-19,and symptomatic acute COVID-19 are probably associated with an increased risk of long *** sex,asthma,comorbidity,and heart diseases may be associated with an increased risk of long COVID,and Asian and Black races may be associated with a decreased risk of long *** did not observe any credible subgroup effects for any risk *** The current body of literature presents several compelling risk factors for the development of long COVID in the pediatric *** research is necessary to elucidate the pathophysiology of long COVID.

关键词： COVID-19 Long COVID Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome Pediatrics Risk factors

Role of ablation therapy in conjunction with surgical resection for neuroendocrine tumors involving the liver

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 768-776页

作者： Alexander Ostapenko stephanie Stroever Lud Eyasu Minha Kim Krist Aploks Xiang Da Dong Ramanathan Seshadri Department of General Surgery Danbury HospitalDanburyCT 06810United States Department of Research and Innovation Nuvance HealthDanburyCT 06810United States Division of Surgical Oncology/Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Danbury HospitalDanburyCT 06810United States

BACKGROUND Resection of hepatic metastasis from neuroendocrine tumors(NETs)improves quality of life and prolongs 5-year *** can be utilized with surgery to achieve complete *** several studies report long-term out-comes for patients undergoing ablation,none have explored perioperative effects of ablation in patients with metastatic *** To determine if intra-operative ablation during hepatectomy increases risk of ad-verse outcomes such as surgical site infections(SSIs),bleeding,and bile *** A retrospective analysis of the hepatectomy National Surgical Quality Impro-vement Program database from 2015-2019 was performed to determine the odds of SSIs,bile leaks,or bleeding in patients undergoing intraoperative ablation when compared to hepatectomy *** Of the 966 patients included in the study,298(30.9%)underwent ablation during *** were 78(11.7%)patients with SSIs in the hepatectomy alone group and 39(13.1%)patients with a SSIs in the hepatectomy with ablation *** leak occurred in 41(6.2%)and 14(4.8%)patients in the two groups,respec-tively;bleeding occurred in 117(17.5%)and 33(11.1%),*** con-trolling for confounding variables,ablation did not increase risk of SSI(P=0.63),bile leak(P=0.34)or bleeding(P=0.07)when compared to patients undergoing resection alone on multivariate *** Intraoperative ablation with hepatic resection for NETs is safe in the perioperative period without significant increased risk of infection,bleeding,or bile *** should utilize this modality when appropriate to a-chieve optimal disease control and outcomes.

关键词： Hepatectomy Neuroendocrine tumor Ablation Bile leaks Bleeding Surgical site infections

Assessment of CO_(2)storage prospect based on physical properties of Rio Bonito Formation rock units

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： Richardson M.Abraham-A stephanie San Martín Cañas Isabella F.S.Miranda Colombo C.G.Tassinari Institute of Energy and Environment(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation(RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock units associated with the Rio Bonito Formation are presented in this study with the focus on modelling reservoir quality based on petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** involves the modelling of the reservoir depths,thicknesses,flow zone indicators(FZI),and effective permeability(Keff)and presenting the CO_(2)storage efficiency factors peculiar to the rock units of the study *** results presented by this study for the stated objectives are not quite common in the *** values range from 200 mD to higher than 2000 mD,and FZI values are generally above 1.0 mm and up to 13.0 mm within the portions covered by the drilled *** sandstone units recorded are up to 20 m thick in some *** Keff and FZI models indicate the sandstone reservoirs as permeable units to support the injection and circulation of CO_(2)within the potential reservoir units of the Rio Bonio Formation across São Paulo *** from some points in the southeastern part of the study location,where the Rio Bonito are delineated at depths less than 800 m(minimum CO_(2)storage depth based on best practices),other portions are deeper,ranging from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the integrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tanks or reservoir seals/traps/overburden within the *** bed thicknesses are up to 20 m in some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir units are feasible,especially in portions where thin siltstone layers are sandwiched between sandstone units to provide considerable thicknesses based on CO_(2)storage *** current study shows that useable areas considering reservoir thickness,depth,and other physical qualities will significantly control the CO_(2)storage efficiency of the study *** studies featuring a detailed geophysical exploration of the site to confirm the availability and saturations of preexisting fluid(hydrocarbon and water)are encouraged

关键词： Rio Bonito Effective permeability Fluid transmissibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden integrity Flow zones