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Review of the prevalence,diagnostics,and containment measures of the current mpox outbreak

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1252-1260页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic Chuku Okorie stephanie prakash Nafees Haider Yashika Dixon Ricardo Izurieta Olanrewaju Badaru Stella Smith Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 083Federal Capital TerritoryNigeria Basic Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 2640Anguilla Allied Sciences Union County CollegePlainfieldNJ 07060United States Basic Science All Saints University School of MedicineRoseau 0000Dominica Basic Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Global Communicable Diseases College of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33620United States Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchLagos 101245Nigeria

Monkeypox(mpox),is a disease from the Poxviridae family that can cause several serious medical issues.This mini-review sought to analyze the existing literature regarding the current mpox outbreak with a focus on the prevalence,diagnostics,and containment measures.Mpox cases have been reported to World Health Organization(WHO)from 85 Member States in all six WHO regions during the period of January 1,2022,through August 3,2022.Standardized or optimized guidelines for the clinical care of patients with mpox are limited,particularly in low-resource settings.In an effort to achieve guidance and meet standards,special attention should be paid to this outbreak in order to eradicate such a rare infectious disease by analyzing prevention and control measures.Patient outcomes may also be poor,and their illnesses may last for a long time.The spectrum of clinical symptoms,including complications and sequelae,as well as aspects of the illness may be indicators of sickness severity and complications;therefore,its clinical presentation must be better understood to improve containment measures.In addition,it is important to create and evaluate a standard of care that takes a variety of parameters into account,including antiviral,immune therapies,and clinical metrics that are particular to mpox.The global emergence of mpox has presented new challenges for public health and has called for further investigation into its epidemiological profile across international contexts.

关键词： Monkeypox virus Outbreak Prevalence Containment Epidemiology Orthopoxvirus

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529): A concern with immune escape

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World Journal of Virology 2022年第3期11卷 137-143页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic stephanie prakash Nafees Haider Martina Williams Chuku Okorie Olanrewaju Badaru Stella Smith Department of Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 0000Nigeria Department of Basic Sciences Saint James School of MedicineThe Valley 0000Anguilla Department of Basic Sciences All Saints University School of MedicineRoseau 0000Dominica Department of Allied Sciences Union County CollegePlainfieldNJ 07060United States Department of Public Health Nigeria Centre for Disease ControlAbuja 0000Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchLagos 100001Nigeria

Omicron,the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variant that is now spreading across the world,is the most altered version to emerge so far,with mutations comparable to changes reported in earlier variants of concern linked with increased transmissibility and partial resistance to vaccineinduced immunity.This article provides an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron(B.1.1.529)by reviewing the literature from major scientific databases.Although clear immunological and clinical data are not yet available,we extrapolated from what is known about mutations present in the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 and offer preliminary indications on transmissibility,severity,and immune escape through existing research and databases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Omicron B.1.1.529 Variant of concern Emerging variants

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Diabetes mellitus:An overview of the types,prevalence,comorbidity,complication,genetics,economic implication,and treatment

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2023年第5期11卷 134-143页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic stephanie prakash Martina Williams Yashika Dixon Chuku Okorie Verner N Orish Ricardo Izurieta Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 0000Nigeria Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 26400000Anguilla Basic Medical Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Allied Health Sciences Union College of Union County(Plainfield Campus)PlainfieldNJ 07060-1308United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHo 0000Ghana Global Communicable Diseases College of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33620United States

Diabetes is one of the deadliest diseases.Due to its effects on the lives of people,it has attracted a lot of attention recently.The causes of the various forms of diabetes,including type 1 and type 2,were discussed along with how they affect those who have the disease.Younger people are more prone to type 1 diabetes than older people,who are more likely to develop type 2.The treatment options and strategies for the two forms of diabetes were also discussed in addition to how the disease affects the quality of life of people.Among several factors that were explained,it has been shown that people from low and middle-income countries are more prone to having diabetes.Additionally,the condition is more likely to affect some races more than others.It is associated with obesity.According to statistics,those who are poor are more severely affected by the disease.The progression of the disease over time has been associated with an increase in disability and mortality.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Diabetes Insulin Blood glucose

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Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the liver

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第2期12卷 109-121页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic Abu Fahad Abbasi stephanie prakash Risha Patidar Priyank Desai Martina Williams Abdul Jan Kareem Hamdy Rachael Solomon Vyshnavy Balendra Maaz Ansari Omar Shazley Nasar Khan Rochelle Annan Yashika Dixon Chuku Okorie Afolabi Antonio Department of Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeriaAbuja 0000FCTNigeria Department of Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 26400000Anguilla Department of Internal Medicine Loyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisIL 60153United States Department of Basic Medical Science American University of Saint Vincent School of MedicineSaint Vincent and the Grenadines 0000Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Department of Basic Medical Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Department of Basic Medical Science Caribbean Medical University School of MedicineWillemstad 0000CuraçaoNetherlands Antilles Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineSaint Vincent and the Grenadines 0000Saint Vincent and the Grenadines University of Health Sciences Antigua School of Medicine PiccadillySt.John's Antigua Department of Science Union County CollegePlainfieldNew JerseyNJ 07016United States Department of Internal Medicine Lloydminster Regional HospitalLloydminster S9V 1Y5SaskatchewanCanada

There have been numerous concerns about the disease and how it affects the human body since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic began in December 2019.The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver is being carefully investigated due to an increase in individuals with hepatitis and other liver illnesses,such as alcoholic liver disease.Additionally,the liver is involved in the metabolism of numerous drugs used to treat comorbidities and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Determining how SARS-CoV-2 affects the liver and what factors place individuals with COVID-19 at a higher risk of developing liver problems are the two main objectives of this study.This evaluation of the literature included research from three major scientific databases.To provide an update on the current impact of COVID-19 on the liver,data was collected and relevant information was incorporated into the review.With more knowledge about the effect of the disease on the liver,better management and therapeutics can be developed,and education can ultimately save lives and reduce the long-term impact of the pandemic on our population.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver Hepatic complications

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