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Glaucoma-like damage induced by S100B injection is accompanied by microglial response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 572-574页

作者： Teresa Tsai stephanie c.joachim Experimental Eye Research Institute University Eye HospitalRuhr-University BochumBochumGermany

Glaucoma is currently the second leading cause of blindness worldwide.Due to aging societies the number of patients suffering from this disease will further increase in the next years.Unfortunately,glaucoma can remain asymptomatic until it is rather far progressed,hence about 10–50% of patients are unaware they suffer from this disease.Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy associated with changes at the optic nerve head.

关键词： S100B injection damage

The inducible nitric oxide synthaseinhibitor 1400W as a potential treatment for retinal diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1221-1222页

作者： Sven Schnichels stephanie c.joachim University Eye Hospital Tübingen Centre for OphthalmologyTübingenGermany Experimental Eye Research Institute University Eye HospitalRuhr-University BochumBochumGermany

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species is defined as oxidative stress.While deprived oxygen supply in tissues is known as hypoxia.These mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of several retinal diseases,like glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration(AMD),and retinal ischemia.Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease defined by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells(RGcs)and their axons causing visual field defects,which ultimately leads to blindness.While AMD pathogenesis is further characterized by soft drusen,it involves the retinal pigment epithelium and the Bruch’s membrane-choroid complex.

关键词： AMD diseases potential

Apoer2/Lrp8:the undercover cop of synaptic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2563-2564页

作者： Gordon c.Werthmann joachim Herz Department of Molecular Genetics and center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA Department of Neuroscience Department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical center at Dallas DallasTXUSA

Apolipoprotein E receptor 2(ApoER2)is a receptor for the protein ApoE,the most common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease(AD).It is also a key modulator of syna ptic homeostasis,in part through its effect on the expression of neuronal genes including those implicated in AD and other neuropsychiatric disorders.In this perspective,we highlight several genes affected by ApoER2 and its alternatively spliced forms and how aberrant expression can be rescued by the reintroduction of the ApoER2 intracellular domain in the mouse hippocampus.

关键词： homeostasis ApoE Alzheimer

Septic shock due to capnocytophaga canimorsus treated with IgM-enriched immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy in an immunocompetent woman

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 265-268页

作者： Josephine Braunsteiner stephanie Siedler Dominik Jarczak Stefan Kluge Axel Nierhaus Department of Intensive care Medicine University Medical Centre Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

Background capnocytophaga canimorsus(c.canimorsus)belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae.It is a facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus and belongs to the normal oral microbiota of some mammals,such as cats and dogs.Transmission to humans can occur through the skin after skin abrasion caused by a scratch or a bite.[1]Based on polymerase chain reaction(PcR)analysis,c.canimorsus is present in saliva in 70%-74%of dogs and 55%-57%of cats.

关键词： belongs enriched scratch

comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： Sarah Khan Hanna Hong stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims christine E Koval Aanchal Kapoor christina c Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States cleveland clinic Lerner college of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of critical care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BAcKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as fungi.Little data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver failure.AIM To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial infections.METHODS From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial infections.We compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial counterparts.Data was extracted through chart review.RESULTS All fungal infections were due to candida species,and were most frequently blood isolates.Mortality among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,Pcohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(AcLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,Pcute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and chronic Health Evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical significance.cONcLUSION Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe AcLF development.Prospective studies examining empiric antifungals in severe AcLF and associa

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany cardiovascular Research Institute(cARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide prevalence.Understanding the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPcRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy balance.They,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from adipocytes.Mutations in some GPcRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(Mc4R),have been associated with early-onset obesity.Here,we identified the adhesion GPcR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy balance.Deficiency of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose homeostasis.consistently,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from obesity.Therefore,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

DNA metabarcoding reveals seasonal changes in diet composition across four arthropod-eating lizard species(Phrynosomatidae:Sceloporus)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 480-495页

作者： Mauricio HERNÁNDEZ stephanie HEREIRA-PAcHEcO Antton ALBERDI Aníbal H.DÍAZ DE LA VEGA-PÉREZ Arturo ESTRADA-TORRES Sergio ANcONA Yendi E.NAVARRO-NOYA Doctorado en ciencias Biológicas Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Estación científica La Malinche Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico center for Evolutionary Hologenomics The Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark consejo Nacional de ciencia y Tecnología-centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas Centro de Investigación en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaSan Felipe IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico

Diet composition and its ecological drivers are rarely investigated in coexisting closely related species.We used a molecular approach to characterize the seasonal variation in diet composition in four spiny lizard species inhabiting a mountainous ecosystem.DNA metabarcoding revealed that the lizards Sceloporus aeneus,S.bicanthalis,S.grammicus,and S.spinosus mostly consumed arthropods of the orders Hemiptera,Araneae,Hymenoptera,and coleoptera.The terrestrial lizards S.aeneus and S.bicanthalis mostly predated ants and spiders,whereas the arboreal–saxicolous S.grammicus and saxicolous S.spinosus largely consumed grasshoppers and leafhoppers.The taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the prey was higher during the dry season than the rainy season,likely because reduced prey availability in the dry season forced lizards to diversify their diets to meet their nutritional demands.Dietary and phylogenetic composition varied seasonally depending on the species,but only dietary composition varied with altitude.Seasonal dietary turnover was greater in S.spinosus than in S.bicanthalis,suggesting site-specific seasonal variability in prey availability;no other differences among species were observed.S.bicanthalis,which lives at the highest altitude in our study site,displayed interseasonal variation in diet breadth.Dietary differences were correlated with the species’feeding strategies and elevational distribution,which likely contributed to the coexistence of these lizard species in the studied geographic area and beyond.

关键词： arthropod-eating lizards diet breadth environmental barcoding mountainous ecosystem seasonal dietary shifts

Modeling the effects of salt concentration on aqueous and organic electrolytes

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npj computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 546-552页

作者： stephanie c.c.van der Lubbe Pieremanuele canepa Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117575 SingaporeSingapore Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4117585 SingaporeSingapore Department of Electrical and computer Engineering and Texas center for Superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Understanding the thermodynamic properties of electrolyte solutions is of vital importance for a myriad of physiological and technological applications.The mean activity coefficientγ±is associated with the deviation of an electrolyte solution from its ideal behavior and may be obtained by combining the Debye-Hückel(DH)and Born(B)equations.However,the DH and B equations depend on the concentration and temperature-dependent static permittivity of the solutionεr(c,T)and the size of the solvated ions ri,whose experimental data is often not available.Here,we use a combination of molecular dynamics and density functional theory to predictεr(c,T)and ri,which enables us to apply the DH and B equations to any technologically relevant aqueous and nonaqueous electrolyte at any concentration and temperature of interest.

关键词： equations electrolyte apply

circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli Rob Mcconnell David V conti Lida chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BAcKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and adolescents.NAFLD ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with steatosis.circulating microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains unknown.This analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in adolescents.AIM To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with NAFLD.METHODS This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study.Intra-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of NAFLD.Plasma samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq platform.We examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key covariates.Ingenuity Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of NAFLD.RESULTS We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with NAFLD.Moreover,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,respectively.collectively,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of NAFLD.Among those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and positively associated with all histological features

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration