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Laser capture microdissection and genetic analysis of carbon-labeled Kupffer cells

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第14期15卷 1708-1718页

作者： stephan Gehring edmond Sabo Maryann e San Martin elizabeth M Dickson Chao-Wen Cheng Stephen H gregory Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States Department of Pathology Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States zentrum fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin der Universitaitsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitait 55101 Mainz Germany

AIM： To develop a method of labeling and microdissecting mouse Kupffer cells within an extraordinarily short period of time using laser capture microdissection （LCM）. MeTHODS： Tissues are complex structures comprised of a heterogeneous population of interconnected cells. LCM offers a method of isolating a single cell type from specific regions of a tissue section. LCM is an essential approach used in conjunction with molecular analysis to study the functional interaction of cells in their native tissue environment. The process of labeling and acquiring cells by LCM prior to mRnA isolation can be elaborate, thereby subjecting the RnA to considerable degradation. Kupffer cell labeling is achieved by injecting India ink intravenously, thus circumventing the need for in vitro staining. The significance of this novel approach was validated using a cholestatic liver injury model. ReSULTS： mRnA extracted from the microdissected cell population displayed marked increases in colonystimulating factor-1 receptor and Kupffer cell receptor message expression, which demonstrated Kupffer cell enrichment. Gene expression by Kupffer ceils derived from bile-duct-ligated, versus sham-operated, mice was compared. Microarray analysis revealed a significant （2.5-fold, q value 〈 10） change in 493 genes. Based on this fold-change and a standardized PubMed search, 10 genes were identified that were relevant to the ability of Kupffer cells to suppress liver injury. COnCLUSIOn; The methodology outlined herein provides an approach to isolating high quality RnA from Kupffer cells, without altering the tissue integrity.

关键词： Kupffer cells India ink Laser capturemicrodissection Bile duct ligation DnA microarray

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Dynamic glial response and crosstalk in demyelination-remyelination and neurodegeneration processes

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1359-1368页

作者： Tianci Chu Lisa B.e.Shields Wenxin Zeng Yi Ping Zhang Yuanyi Wang gregory n.Barnes Christopher B.Shields Jun Cai Pediatric Research Institute Department of PediatricsUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA norton neuroscience Institute Norton HealthcareLouisvilleKYUSA Department of Spine Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of neurology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Department of neurological Surgery University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath in the central nervous *** is characterized by blood-brain barrier dysfunction throughout the course of multiple sclerosis, followed by the entry of immune cells and activation of local microglia and *** cells(microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte lineage cells) are known as the important mediators of neuroinflammation, all of which play major roles in the pathogenesis of multiple *** communications between glial cells affect the activities of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and influence the demyelination-remyelination process.A finely balanced glial response may create a favorable lesion environment for efficient remyelination and *** review focuses on glial response and neurodegeneration based on the findings from multiple sclerosis and major rodent demyelination *** particular, glial interaction and molecular crosstalk are discussed to provide insights into the potential cell-and molecule-specific therapeutic targets to improve remyelination and neuroregeneration.

关键词： astrocyte crosstalk demyelination glial response microglia/macrophage multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflammation oligodendrocyte lineage cells remyelination

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Development of a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to characterize the thermoregulatory effects of serotonergic drugs in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第5期6卷 492-503页

作者： Xi-Ling Jiang Hong-Wu Shen Donald e.Mager stephan Schmidt Ai-Ming Yu Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New York Department of Pharmaceutics Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems PharmacologyUniversity of Florida Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine UC Davis School of Medicine2700 Stockton Boulevard

We have shown recently that concurrent harmaline,a monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor(MAOI),potentiates serotonin(5-HT) receptor agonist 5-methoxy-n,n-dimethyltryptamine(5-Me O-DMT)-induced *** objective of this study was to develop an integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD) model to characterize and predict the thermoregulatory effects of such serotonergic drugs in *** thermoregulation was described by a mechanism-based indirect-response model with adaptive feedback ***-induced hypothermia and 5-Me O-DMT–elicited hyperthermia were attributable to the loss of heat through the activation of 5-HT1 Areceptor and thermogenesis via the stimulation of 5-HT2 Areceptor,*** serotonergic 5-Me O-DMT–induced hyperthermia was readily distinguished from handling/injection stress-provoked hyperthermic *** PK/PD model was able to simultaneously describe all experimental data including the impact of drug-metabolizing enzyme status on5-Me O-DMT and harmaline PK properties,and drug- and stress-induced simple hypo/hyperthermic and complex biphasic ***,the modeling results revealed a 4-fold decrease of apparent SC_(50) value(1.88–0.496 mmol/L) for 5-Me O-DMT when harmaline was co-administered,providing a quantitative assessment for the impact of concurrent MAOI harmaline on 5-Me ODMT–induced *** addition,the hyperpyrexia caused by toxic dose combinations of harmaline and 5-Me O-DMT were linked to the increased systemic exposure to harmaline rather than5-Me O-DMT,although the body temperature profiles were mispredicted by the *** results indicate that current PK/PD model may be used as a new conceptual framework to define the impact of serotonergic agents and stress factors on thermoregulation.

关键词： PK/PD model Thermoregulation Indolealkylamine Serotonin Monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor Stress

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Origin of major ions in monthly rainfall events at the Bamenda Highlands, north West Cameroon

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 801-809页

作者： Mengnjo J. Wirmvem Takeshi Ohba Wilson Y. Fantong Samuel n. Ayonghe Jonathan n. Hogarh Justice Y. Suila Asobo nkengmatia e. Asaah Seigo Ooki gregory Tanyileke Joseph V. Hell Department of Chemistry School of Science Tokai University Hiratsuka 259-1211 Japan Institute of Geological and Mining Research Yaounde Cameroon Department of environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana G.B.H.S. Atiela Nkwen Bamenda Cameroon Department of earth and Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8551 Japan

Rainwater characteristics can reveal emissions from various anthropogenic and natural sources into the atmosphere. The physico-chemical characteristics of 44 monthly rainfall events （collected between January and December 2012） from 4 weather stations （Bamenda, ndop plain, ndawara and Kumbo） in the Bamenda Highlands （BH） were investigated. The purpose was to determine the sources of chemical species, their seasonal inputs and suitability of the rainwater for drinking. The mean pH of 5 indicated the slightly acidic nature of the rainwater. Average total dissolved solids （TDS） were low （6.7 mg/L）, characteristic of unpolluted atmospheric moisture/air. Major ion concentrations （mg/L） were low and in the order K＋〉 Ca2＋〉 Mg2~ 〉 na＋ for cations and nO3 〉〉 HCO3 〉 SO] 〉 CI- 〉 PO3- 〉 F- for anions. The average rainwater in the area was mixed Ca-Mg-SO4-CI water type. The CI-/na＋ ratio （1.04） was comparable to that of seawater （1.16）, an indication that n a＋ and CI originated mainly from marine （Atlantic Ocean） aerosols. High enrichments of Ca2＋, Mg2＋ and SO2- to na＋ ratios relative to seawater ratios （constituting 44% of the total ions） demonstrated their terrigenous origin, mainly from Saharan and Sahelian arid dusts. The K＋/na＋ ratio （2.24）, which was similar to tropical vegetation ash （2.38）, and nO3 was essentially from biomass burning. Light （〈 100 mm） pre-monsoon and post-monsoon convective rains were enriched in major ions than the heavy （〉 100 mm） monsoon rains, indicating a high contribution of major ions during the low convective showers. Despite the acidic nature, the TDS and major ion concentrations classified the rainwater as potable based on the WHO guidelines.

关键词： rainwater chemistry tropical atmosphere drinking-water Bamenda Highlands Cameroon

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An overview of the latest developments in facial imaging

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第1期4卷 10-28页

作者： Carl n.stephan Jodi M.Caple Pierre Guyomarc'h Peter Claes Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification(HuCS-ID Lab) School of Biomedical SciencesThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia Unite Mixte de Recherche(UMR)5199 De la Préhistoireàl'Actuel:Culture Environnement et Anthropologie(PACEA)Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication(MCC)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Universitéde BordeauxPessacFrance Department of electrical engineering Department of Electrical Engineering(ESAT)/Processing of Speech and Images(PSI)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Medical Imaging Research Center(MIRC) Universitair ZiekenhuisLeuvenBelgium

Facial imaging is a term used to describe methods that use facial images to assist or facili-tate human identification. This pertains to two craniofacial identification procedures that use skulls and faces—facial approximation and photographic superimposition—as well as face-only methods for age progression/regression, the construction of facial graphics from eye-witness memory (including composites and artistic sketches), facial depiction, face mapping and newly emerging methods of molecular photofitting. Given the breadth of these facial imaging techniques, it is not surprising that a broad array of subject-matter experts partici-pate in and/or contribute to the formulation and implementation of these methods (includ-ing forensic odontologists, forensic artists, police officers, electrical engineers, anatomists, geneticists, medical image specialists, psychologists, computer graphic programmers and software developers). As they are concerned with the physical characteristics of humans, each of these facial imaging areas also falls in the domain of physical anthropology, although not all of them have been traditionally regarded as such. This too offers useful opportunities to adapt established methods in one domain to others more traditionally held to be disciplines within physical anthropology (e.g. facial approximation, craniofacial super-imposition and face photo-comparison). It is important to note that most facial imaging methods are not currently used for identification but serve to assist authorities in narrowing or directing investigations such that other, more potent, methods of identification can be used (e.g. DnA). Few, if any, facial imaging approaches can be considered honed end-stage scientific methods, with major opportunities for physical anthropologists to make meaningful contributions. Some facial imaging methods have considerably stronger scientific underpin-nings than others (e.g. facial approximation versus face mapping), some currently lie ent

关键词： Forensic anthropology craniofacial identification facial approximation photographic superimpos-ition facial depiction age progression facial composites molecular photofitting

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Auxin-Oxylipin Crosstalk:Relationship of Antagonists

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第6期53卷 429-445页

作者： Maik Hoffmann Mathias Hentrich stephan Pollmann Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas(U.P.M.-I.n.I.A.) Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la U.P.M. Campus de Montegancedo Ruhr-Universitt Bochum Lehrstuhl fr PflanzenphysiologieUniversittsstrasse

Phytohormones regulate a wide array of developmental processes throughout the life cycle of plants. Herein, the various plant hormones may interact additively, synergistically, or antagonistically. By their cooperation they create a delicate regulatory network whose net output largely depends on the action of specific phytohormone combinations rather than on the independent activities of separate hormones. While most classical studies of plant hormonal control have focused mainly on the action of single hormones or on the synergistic interaction of hormones in regulating various developmental processes, recent work is beginning to shed light on the crosstalk of nominally antagonistic plant hormones, such as gibberellins and auxins with oxylipins or abscisic acid. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of how two of the first sight antagonistic plant hormones, i.e. auxins and oxylipins, interact in controlling plant responses and development.

关键词： Auxin biosynthesis crosstalk hormone jasmonic acid.

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A comparative review of petrogenetic processes beneath the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Geochemical constraints

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第4期6卷 557-570页

作者： Asobo n.e.Asaah Tetsuya Yokoyama Festus T.Aka Tomohiro Usui Mengnjo J.Wirmvem Boris Chako Tchamabe Takeshi Ohba gregory Tanyileke J.V.Hell Department of earth & Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan Department of Mines Ministry of Mines Industry and Technological Development Yaoundé Cameroon Institute of Mining & Geological Research P.O. Box 4110 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Chemistry School of Science Tokai UniversityHiratsuka 259-1211 Japan

The origin and petrogenesis of the Cameroon Volcanic Line （CVL）, composed of volcanoes that form on both the ocean floor and the continental crust, are difficult to understand because of the diversity, het- erogeneity, and nature of available data. Major and trace elements, and Sr-nd-Pb isotope data of volcanic rocks of the CVL spanning four decades have been compiled to reinterpret their origin and petrogenesis. Volcanic rocks range from nephelinite, basanite and alkali basalts to phonolite, trachyte and rhyolite with the presence of a compositional gap between Si02 58-64 wt.%. Similarities in geochemical characteristics, modeled results for two component mixing, and the existence of mantle xenoliths in most mafic rocks argue against significant crustal contamination. Major and trace element evidences indicate that the melting of mantle rocks to generate the CVL magma occurred dominantly in the garnet lherzolite stability feld. Melting models suggest small degree （〈3%） partial melting of mantle bearing （6-10%） garnet for Mr. etinde, the ngaoundere Plateau and the Biu Plateau, and 〈5% of garnet for the oceanic sector of the CVL, Mr. Cameroon, Mt. Bambouto, Mt. Manengouba and the Oku Volcanic Group. The Sr-nd-Pb isotope sys- tematics suggest that mixing in various proportions of Depleted MORB Mantle （DMM） with enriched mantle 1 and 2 （eM1 and eM2） could account for the complex isotopic characteristics of the CVL lavas. Low Mg number （Mg# - 100 x MgO/（MgO ＋FeO）） and ni, Cr and Co contents of the CVL mafic lavas reveal their crystallization from fractionated melts. The absence of systematic variation in nbJTa and Zr/Hf ratios, and Sr-nd isotope compositions between the mafic and felsic lavas indicates progressive evolution of magmas by fractional crystallization. Trace element ratios and their plots corroborate mantle het- erogeneity and reveal distinct geochemical signatures for individual the CVL volcanoes.

关键词： Petrogenesis Cameroon volcanic line Depleted MORB mantle enriched mantle Mantle heterogeneity

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Quantum Transport Properties of Chemically Functionalized Long Semiconducting Carbon nanotubes

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nano Research 2010年第4期3卷 288-295页

作者： Alejandro Lopez-Bezanilla Xavier Blase stephan Roche Commissariat a l’energie Atomique 38054 Grenoble CedexFrance Institut néel CNRS and UniversitéJoseph FourierB.P.16638042 Grenoble Cedex 09France CIn2(CSIC-ICn)Barcelona Campus UABE-08193 BellaterraSpain

We present a first-principles study of the electronic transport properties of micrometer long semiconducting carbon nanotubes randomly covered with carbene functional groups. Whereas prior studies suggested that metallic tubes are hardly affected by such addends, we show here that the conductance of semiconducting tubes with standard diameter is, on the contrary, severely damaged. The configurational-averaged conductance as a function of tube diameter, with a coverage of up to one hundred molecules, is extracted. Our results indicate that the search for a conductance-preserving covalent functionalization route remains a challenging issue.

关键词： nanotubes functionalization carbene electronic transport

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Thermal and microstructural characterization of a novel ductile cast iron modified by aluminum addition

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第2期27卷 190-199页

作者： Gülsah Aktas Celik Maria-Ioanna TTzini Seyda Polat SHakan Atapek gregory nHaidemenopoulos Department of Metallurgical and Materials engineering Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli 41001Turkey Laboratory of Materials Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of ThessalyVolos 38334Greece Department of Mechanical engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788UAE

In high-temperature applications,like exhaust manifolds,cast irons with a ferritic matrix are mostly ***,the increasing demand for higher-temperature applications has led manufacturers to use additional expensive materials such as stainless steels and ni-resist austenitic ductile cast ***,in order to meet the demand while using low-cost materials,new alloys with improved high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance must be *** this study,thermodynamic calculations with Thermo-Calc software were applied to study a novel ductile cast iron with a composition of 3.5wt%C,4wt%Si,1wt%nb,0‒4wt%*** designed compositions were cast,and thermal analysis and microstructural characterization were performed to validate the *** lowest critical temperature of austenite to pearlite eutectoid transformation,i.e.,A1,was calculated,and the solidification sequence was *** calculations and experimental data revealed the importance of aluminum addition,as the A1 increased by increasing the aluminum content in the alloys,indicating the possibility of utilizing the alloys at higher *** experimental data validated the transformation temperature during solidification and at the solid state and confirmed the equilibrium phases at room temperature as ferrite,graphite,and MC-type carbides.

关键词： ductile cast iron alloy design Thermo-Calc high-temperature material

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Resolving the Mortierellaceae phylogeny through synthesis of multi-gene phylogenetics and phylogenomics

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第5期104卷 267-289页

作者： natalie Vandepol Julian Liber Alessandro Desirò Hyunsoo na Megan Kennedy Kerrie Barry Igor V.Grigoriev Andrew n.Miller Kerry O’Donnell Jason e.Stajich gregory Bonito Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Joint Genome Institute BerkeleyCA 94720USA Illinois natural History Survey University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServicePeoriaIL 61604USA Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology&Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California-RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA

early efforts to classify Mortierellaceae were based on macro-and micromorphology,but sequencing and phylogenetic studies with ribosomal DnA(rDnA)markers have demonstrated conflicting taxonomic groupings and polyphyletic *** some taxonomic confusion in the family has been clarified,rDnA data alone is unable to resolve higher level phylogenetic relationships within *** this study,we applied two parallel approaches to resolve the Mortierel-laceae phylogeny:low coverage genome(LCG)sequencing and high-throughput,multiplexed targeted amplicon sequenc-ing to generate sequence data for multi-gene *** then combined our datasets to provide a well-supported genome-based phylogeny having broad sampling depth from the amplicon *** the Mortierellaceae phylogeny into monophyletic genera resulted in 13 genera,7 of which are newly ***-coverage genome sequencing proved to be a relatively cost-effective means of generating a high-confidence *** multi-gene phylogenetics approach enabled much greater sampling depth and breadth than the LCG approach,but has limitations *** present this work to resolve some of the taxonomic confusion and provide a genus-level framework to empower future studies on Mortierellaceae diversity and evolution.

关键词： Mortierellaceae Phylogenomics Molecular systematics Taxonomy Multi-locus sequence typing

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