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Plasma and nanopar.icle shielding dur.ng pulsed laser.ablation in liquids cause ablation efficiency decr.ase

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Opto-Electr.nic Advances 2021年第1期4卷 1-13页

作者： Sar.h Dittr.ch stephan Bar.ikowski Bilal Gökce Technical Chemistr. I and Center.of Nanointegr.tion Duisbur. Essen(CENIDE) University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr.745141 EssenGermany

Under.tanding shielding cr.ss-effects is a pr.r.quisite for.maximal power.specific nanosecond laser.ablation in liquids(LAL).However.discr.mination between cavitation bubble(CB),nanopar.icle(NP),and shielding,e.g.,by the plasma or.a tr.nsient vapor.layer.is ***,CB imaging by shadowgr.phy is per.or.ed to better.under.tand the plasma and laser.beam-NP inter.ction dur.ng *** compar.ng the fluence-dependent CB volume for.ablations per.or.ed with 1 ns pulses with r.por.s fr.m the liter.tur.,we find lar.er.ener.y-specific CB volumes for.7 *** incr.ased CB for.laser.ablation with higher.ns pulse dur.tions could be a fir.t explanation of the efficiency decr.ase r.por.ed for.these laser.systems having higher.pulse ***,1 ns-LAL shows super.or.ablation ***,a CB cascade occur. when the focal plane is shifted into the *** effect is enhanced when NPs ar. pr.sent in the *** minute amounts of NPs tr.pped in a stationar. layer.decr.ase the laser.ener.y significantly,even under.liquid ***,this local concentr.tion in the sticking film has so far.not been *** pr.sents an essential obstacle in high-yield LAL,shielding alr.ady the second laser.pulse that ar.ives and pr.senting a sour.e of satellite ***,measur.s to lower.the NP concentr.tion on the tar.et must be investigated in the futur..

关键词： shadowgr.phy power.specific pr.ductivity flow dynamics ablation mechanism

Tr.atment Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for.Moder.te and Advanced Dementia or.Alzheimer.s Disease: Case Studies

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Advances in Alzheimer.s Disease 2022年第4期11卷 39-47页

作者： William stephan Louis J. Banas Michael r. Hamblin Invision Health Buffalo USA Laser.Innovations Amherst USA Laser.r.sear.h Centr. Faculty of Health Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

Extensive r.sear.h is ongoing in the use of Photobiomodulation (PBM, often r.fer.ed to as low-level or.cold laser.ther.py) to tr.at Alzheimer.s disease as well as other.debilitating diseases. The following case studies fur.her.confir. that PBM could be a br.akthr.ugh appr.ach to limit the pr.gr.ssion of insidious diseases. We pr.sent four.cases, two with mild to moder.te dementia and two with mor. advanced symptoms. Sever.l publications have shown beneficial r.sults, however. sever.l weeks of daily tr.atments wer. necessar.. The cases descr.bed her. suggest that moder.te and advanced dementia cases can be significantly impr.ved with thr.e or.four.eight-minute tr.atments over.a 5 - 7-day per.od when using super.pulsing technology on Monday-Wednesday-Fr.day schedule (Figur. 1). Gives a br.ef visual explanation of super.pulsing ver.us continuous wave technology.

关键词： Photobiomodulation Alzheimer.s Disease Dementia Super.Pulsed Laser Tr.umatic Br.in Injur. (TBI) Laser.Diode LED’s Continuous Wave

Sur.ace modification of polypr.pylene non-woven fiber. with TiO_2 nanopar.icles via layer.by-layer.self assembly method:Pr.par.tion and photocatalytic activity

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 59-66页

作者： Suttipan Pavasupr.e stephan T.Dubas r.tthapol r.ngkupan Metallur.y and Mater.als Science r.sear.h Institute Chulalongkorn University Petr.leum and Petr.chemical College Chulalongkorn University Chulalongkor. Univer.ity Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture Chulalongkor. Univer.ity

Polypr.pylene（PP） meltblown fiber. wer. coated with titanium dioxide（Ti O2） nanopar.icles using layer.by-layer.Lb L） deposition technique. The fiber. wer. fir.t modified with 3layer. of poly（4-styr.nesulfonic acid）（PSS） and poly（diallyl-dimethylammonium chlor.de）（PDADMAC） to impr.ve the anchor.ng of the Ti O2 nanopar.icle cluster.. PDADMAC, which is positively char.ed, was then used as counter.polyelectr.lyte in tandem with anionic Ti O2 nanopar.icles to constr.ct Ti O2/PDADMAC bilayer.in the Lb L fashion. The number.of deposited Ti O2/PDADMAC layer. was var.ed fr.m 1 to 7 bilayer. and could be used to adjust Ti O2 loading. The Lb L technique showed higher.Ti O2 loading efficiency than the impr.gnation appr.ach. The modified fiber. wer. tested for.their.photocatalytic activity against a model dye, Methylene Blue（MB）. r.sults showed that the Ti O2 modified fiber. exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity efficiency similar.to that of Ti O2 powder.disper.ed in solution. The deposition of Ti O23 bilayer.on the PP substr.te was sufficient to pr.duce nanocomposite fiber. that could bleach the MB solution in less than 4 *** O2-Lb L constr.ctions also pr.ser.ed Ti O2 adhesion on substr.te sur.ace after.1 cycle of photocatalytic test. Successive photocatalytic test showed decline in MB r.duction r.te with loss of Ti O2 par.icles fr.m the substr.te outer.sur.ace. However. even in the thir. cycle, the Ti O2 modified fiber. ar. still moder.tely effective as it could r.move mor. than 95% of MB after.8 hr.of tr.atment.

关键词： Layer.by-layer.Self assembly TiO2 Nanocomposite Photocatalytic activity

Tr.bological per.or.ance and micr.str.ctur.l evolution ofα-br.ss alloys as a function of zinc concentr.tion

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Fr.ction 2020年第6期8卷 1117-1136页

作者： Zhilong LIU Philipp MESSEr.HANNEMANN stephan LAUBE Chr.stian Gr.INEr Institute for.Applied Mater.als(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe 76131Germany KIT IAM-CMS Mikr.Tr.bologie Centr.mμTC Karlsruhe 76131Germany

Tailor.ng a mater.al's pr.per.ies for.low fr.ction and little wear.in a str.tegic fashion is a long-standing goal of mater.als *** defor.ation plays a major.r.le when metals ar. employed in a sliding contact;ther.for.,the effects of stacking fault ener.y and mode of dislocation glide need to be ***,we investigated how a decr.ase in the stacking fault ener.y affects fr.ction,wear.and the ensuing sub-sur.ace micr.str.ctur. *** samples with incr.asing zinc concentr.tions of 5,15,and 36 wt%wer. tested in non-lubr.cated spher.-on-plate contacts with a r.cipr.cating linear.tr.bometer.against Si3N4 *** the sliding distance fr.m 0.5(single tr.ce)to 5,000 r.cipr.cating cycles cover.d differ.nt stages in the lifetime of a sliding *** the r.sults among the thr.e alloys r.vealed a pr.found effect of the zinc concentr.tion on the tr.bological ***15 and CuZn36 showed similar.fr.ction and wear.r.sults,wher.as CuZn5 had a r.ughly 60%higher.fr.ction coefficient(COF)than the other.two ***15 and CuZn36 had a much smaller.wear.r.te than *** dislocation motion in CuZn5 and CuZn15 allowed for.dislocation self-or.anization into a hor.zontal line about 150 nm beneath the contact after.a single tr.ce of the *** featur. was absent in CuZn36 wher. owing to planar.dislocation slip band-like featur.s under.a 45°angle to the sur.ace wer. *** r.sults hold the pr.mise to help guide the futur. development of alloys tailor.d for.specific tr.bological applications.

关键词： br.ss tr.bology sliding contact micr.str.ctur. stacking fault ener.y electr.n micr.scopy

Theor.tical study on decay of the 4d cor.-excited states of Cs Ⅲ

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第6期17卷 2033-2039页

作者：丁晓彬董晨钟 stephan Fr.tzschec College of Physics and Electr.nic Engineer.ng Northwest Normal University Center.of Theor.tical Nuclear.Physics National Laboratory of Heavy-Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Depar.ment of Physics University of Kassel Heinrich-Plett-Strαβe 40 D-34132 Kassel Germany

In a r.cent XUV photoabsor.tion spectr.m of Cs Ⅲ ions by Cummings and O＇Sullivan [2001 J. Phys. B 34 199], r.ther.lar.e linewidths wer. found for.the 4d^95s^25p^6 - 4d^105s^25p^5 tr.nsition which ar. quite in disagr.ement with cor.esponding quasi-r.lativistic multiconfigur.tion Har.r.e Fock （MCHF） calculation. In the pr.sent wor., a detailed multiconfigur.tion Dir.c-Fock study has been car.ied out to explor. this discr.pancy. Owing to the detailed consider.tion of electr.n cor.elation effects, some ‘for.idden＇ Auger.decay channels, such as 4d^105s^25p^35d and 4d^105s^05p^6, would become ‘open＇. As a r.sult, r.mar.able impr.vement of the linewidths has been obtained in our.calculation. Fur.her.or., the theor.tical Auger.spectr.m of the 4d^ 95s^25p^6 cor.-excited states of Cs Ⅲ ions is r.ven in the pr.sent wor..

关键词： cor.elation effects linewidth Auger.decay

Antimicr.bial peptides and the gut micr.biome in inflammator. bowel disease

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2021年第43期27卷 7402-7422页

作者： John Gubatan Der.k r.Holman Chr.stopher.J Puntasecca Danielle Polevoi Samuel JS r.bin stephan r.galla Division of Gastr.enter.logy and Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States Depar.ment of r.diology Molecular Imaging Program at StanfordStanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Stanfor. Univer.ity School of Medicine Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94063United States

Antimicr.bial peptides(AMP)ar. highly diver.e and dynamic molecules that ar. expr.ssed by specific intestinal epithelial cells,Paneth cells,as well as immune cells in the gastr.intestinal(GI)*** play cr.tical r.les in maintaining toler.nce to gut micr.biota and pr.tecting against enter.c *** that disr.ptions in toler.nce to commensal micr.biota and loss of bar.ier.function play major.r.les in the pathogenesis of inflammator. bowel disease(IBD)and conver.e on the function of AMP,the significance of AMP as potential biomar.er. and novel ther.peutic tar.ets in IBD have been incr.asingly r.cognized in r.cent *** this fr.ntier.ar.icle,we discuss the function and mechanisms of AMP in the GI tr.ct,examine the inter.ction of AMP with the gut micr.biome,explor. the r.le of AMP in the pathogenesis of IBD,and r.view tr.nslational applications of AMP in patients with IBD.

关键词： Antimicr.bial peptides Inflammator. bowel disease Ulcer.tive colitis Cr.hn’s disease Gut micr.biome Biomar.er.

Quantum Tr.nspor. Pr.per.ies of Chemically Functionalized Long Semiconducting Car.on Nanotubes

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Nano r.sear.h 2010年第4期3卷 288-295页

作者： Alejandr. Lopez-Bezanilla Xavier.Blase stephan r.che Commissar.at a l’Ener.ie Atomique 38054 Grenoble CedexFrance Institut Néel CNRS and UniversitéJoseph FourierB.P.16638042 Grenoble Cedex 09France CIN2(CSIC-ICN)Bar.elona Campus UABE-08193 BellaterraSpain

We pr.sent a fir.t-pr.nciples study of the electr.nic tr.nspor. pr.per.ies of micr.meter.long semiconducting car.on nanotubes r.ndomly cover.d with car.ene functional gr.ups. Wher.as pr.or.studies suggested that metallic tubes ar. har.ly affected by such addends, we show her. that the conductance of semiconducting tubes with standar. diameter.is, on the contr.r., sever.ly damaged. The configur.tional-aver.ged conductance as a function of tube diameter. with a cover.ge of up to one hundr.d molecules, is extr.cted. Our.r.sults indicate that the sear.h for.a conductance-pr.ser.ing covalent functionalization r.ute r.mains a challenging issue.

关键词： Nanotubes functionalization car.ene electr.nic tr.nspor.

Scoping r.view: obese elder.y women with br.ast cancer.and physical activity/exer.ise

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Global Health Jour.al 2022年第3期6卷 129-135页

作者： Mar. stephan Felix Depar.ment of Society and Health Faculty of Social Sciences and HumanitiesMahidol UniversitySalayaNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand

Objective:Obesity and br.ast cancer.BC)ar. diseases of concer.,especially within the context of an aging *** scoping r.view is aimed at mapping out the liter.tur. on the subject of elder.y women(EW)with br.ast cancer.obesity and physical activity/exer.ise(PAE)to identify gaps in the pr.sent extant liter.tur.,and to suggest dir.ctions for.futur. *** sour.es:A total of four.ar.icles wer. finalized fr.m an initial 2905 ar.icles found via sear.hes on the Annals of Inter.al Medicine by Amer.can College of Physicians(ACP)^(TM),BioMed Centr.l(BMC)^(TM),BMJ Jour.als^(TM),Jour.al of the Amer.can Medical Association(JAMA)^(TM),PubMed^(TM),SAGE^(TM),ScienceDir.ct^(TM),Spr.nger.ink(e-jour.als)^(TM),Taylor.and Fr.ncis Online^(TM),and Wiley Online Libr.r.^(TM) ***:r.cognized str.ctur.l fr.mewor.s for.scoping r.views wer. utilized to guide the methodology and technical aspects of this *** extr.ction was conducted via a char.ing ***:r.sear.h gaps identified include a paucity in r.sear.h on the subject of obesity and br.ast cancer.among elder.y women;ther. is a limitation of the types of methodologies used in the r.sear.h on this subject indicating vast oppor.unities for.futur. studies using differ.nt methodologies;lack of use of the alter.ative types of physical activity and exer.ise such as Tai Chi,Qigong and Yoga;lack of focus on the older.elder.y population;and ar.as of social suppor. fr.m family and fr.ends for.obese elder.y with br.ast cancer.to engage in physical activity and ***:Futur. r.sear.h would addr.ss the ur.ent need within academia to addr.ss the r.sear.h gap of PAE and *** r.sear.h should use a diver.e r.nge of both quantitative and qualitative r.sear.h methodologies,while including easter. exer.ise r.gimens such as Tai Chi,Qigong and Yoga as a means of studying PAE among ***,futur. r.sear.h may focus on the“old elder.y”as a demogr.phic gr.up of study as well as how social suppo

关键词： Obesity Br.ast cancer Elder.y Physical activity Exer.ise

Spatial distr.butions of tr.pical tr.e species in nor.her. Vietnam under.envir.nmentally var.able site conditions

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Jour.al of For.str. r.sear.h 2014年第2期25卷 257-268页

作者： Nguyen Hong Hai Ker.tin Wiegand stephan Getzin Depar.ment of Ecosystem Modelling Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of Goettingen Faculty of Agr.cultur.l Techniques Hatay Community College UFZ Helmholtz Centr. for.Envir.nmental r.sear.h–UFZ Department of Ecological Modeling

Ecological inter.ctions of species and thus their.spatial pat- ter.s may differ.between homogeneous and heter.geneous for.sts. To account for.this, techniques of point patter. analysis wer. implemented on mapped locations of tr.e individuals fr.m two 1-ha tr.picalfor.st plots in Vietnam. We analyzed the effect of envir.nmental heter.geneity on tr.e distr.butions; spatial distr.bution patter.s of dominant species; inter.specific associations; and conspecific associations between life stages. Our.analyses showed that： envir.nmental conditions wer. homo- geneous at plot 1 but heter.geneous at plot 2; in both plots, all six domi- nant species wer. aggr.gated at var.ous scales up to 30 m, and tr.e spe- cies wer. aggr.gated at lar.er.scales in the homogeneous site than in the heter.geneous site; attr.ction between pair. of species was r.mar.ably higher.at the homogeneous site while negative associations wer. mor. fr.quent in the heter.geneous site; some species, H. kur.ii, T. ilicifolia （homogeneous plot） and D. sylvatica, S. wightianum （heter.geneous plot） showed a lack of ear.y life-stage individuals near.conspecific adults. Mor.over. additional cluster.ng of young individuals was independent fr.m conspecific adults, except D. sylvatica in both sites. These findings ar. consistent with the Janzen-ConneU hypothesis. Over.ll, habitat het- er.geneity influences spatial patter.s and inter.specific associations of the tr.e species and evidences of self-thinning ar. shown in most species.

关键词： envir.nmental heter.geneity spatial point patter. analysis tr.pical ever.r.en for.st nor.her. Vietnam.