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InAs nanowire superconducting tunnel junctions： Quasiparticle spectroscopy, thermometry, and nanorefrigeration

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Nano Research 2017年第10期10卷 3468-3475页

作者： jaakko Mastomaki stefano Roddaro Mirko Rocci Valentina Zannier Daniele Ercolani Lucia Sorba Ilari j. Maasilta Nadia Ligato Antonio Fornieri Elia Strambini Francesco Giazotto NEST Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR Piazza S. Silvestro 12 I-55127 Pisa Italy Nanoscience Center Department of Physics University of Jyvaskyla 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland

We demonstrate an original method based on controlled oxidation for creating high-quality tunnel junctions between superconducting A1 reservoirs and InAs semiconductor nanowires （NWs）. We show clean tunnel characteristics with a current suppression by 〉4 orders of magnitude for a junction bias well below the A1 gap of △0≈ 200 μeV. The experimental data agree well with the Bardeen- Cooper-Schrieffer theoretical expectations for a superconducting tunnel junction. The studied devices employ small-scale tunnel contacts functioning as thermometers as well as larger electrodes that provide proof-of-principle active cooling of the electron distribution in the NWs. A peak refrigeration of approximately δT = 10 mK is achieved at a bath temperature of Tbath≈ 250-350 mK for our prototype devices. This method introduces important perspectives for the investigation of the thermoelectric effects in semiconductor nanostructures and for nanoscale refrigeration.

关键词： InAs nanowire superconducting tunnel junction thermometry nanorefrigeration

Revisiting the Plant＇s Dilemma

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Molecular Plant 2016年第1期9卷 7-9页

作者： jeffrey Leung Nadia Bazihizina stefano Mancuso Christiane Valon Institut de Biologie Inté grative de la Cellule Universit&eacute de Paris Saclay-Centre d'Energie Atomique Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR9198 1 Avenue de la Terrasse B&acirc timent 23 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France LINV-DISPAA Universit&agrave degli Studi di Firenze Viale delle idee 30 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy

In the opening salvos of his engaging article, How Stomata Resolve the Dilemma of Opposing Priorities, Raschke （1976） wrote that “Land plants are in a dilemma throughout their lives： assimilation of CO2 from the atmosphere requires intensive gas exchange; the prevention of excessive water loss demands that gas exchange be kept low.” What seemed a rarefied musing of a plant academic nearly 40 years ago has since broadened into alobal environmental concerns.

关键词： ABSCISIC-ACID CO2

Symposia Report Immunoglobulin G for the Treatment of Chronic Pain：Report of an Expert Workshop

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2014年第11期20卷 769-777页

作者： stefano Tamburin Kristian Borg Xavier j. Caro stefano jann Alexander j. Clark Francesca Magrinelli Gen Sobue Lars Werhagen Giampietro Zanette Haruki Koike Peter j. Spath Angela Vincent Andreas Goebel Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Department of Neurosciences Hospital Niguarda Ca Granda Milan Section of Neurology Pederzoli Hospital Peschiera del Garda Verona Italy Division of Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Karolinska Institute at Danderyds Hospital Stockholm Sweden Division of Rheumatology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California USA Department of Neurology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan Department of Anesthesia Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada Institute of pharmacology University of Bern Bern Switzerland Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford Pain Research Institute University of Liverpool Clinical Sciences Building University Hospital Aintree Liverpool UK

背景:慢性疼痛的治疗效果仍不理想。尽管现在治疗慢性疼痛的药物种类较多,但许多患者对疗效仍不满意或诉药物的副作用太大。越来越多的证据表明,免疫系统参与了伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛的病理过程。设计:在英国利物浦的专题会议上,... 详细信息

背景:慢性疼痛的治疗效果仍不理想。尽管现在治疗慢性疼痛的药物种类较多,但许多患者对疗效仍不满意或诉药物的副作用太大。越来越多的证据表明,免疫系统参与了伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛的病理过程。设计:在英国利物浦的专题会议上,专家们出示了免疫系统参与慢性疼痛的证据。近来的研究表明,静脉(IVIg)或皮下(SCIg)注射免疫调节药物——多价免疫球蛋白(Ig G)可缓解外周神经病理性疼痛和其他疼痛性疾病。专题会议讨论了IVIg和SCIg治疗的适应证、效价比及其副作用。结果:Ig G可缓解某些伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛,如糖尿病、干燥综合征、纤维肌痛症、复杂性区域疼痛综合征、小儿麻痹后遗症和继发于病理性自身抗体的疼痛。结论:Ig G对某些慢性疼痛具有一定的治疗前景。Ig G是一种相对安全的治疗方法,副作用少而轻,但价格较贵。今后有必要对Ig G治疗顽固性疼痛进行随机对照研究和预测性临床试验。

关键词：慢性疼痛患者临床治疗副作用后遗症

Modelling fuel loads of understorey vegetation and forest floor components in pine stands in NW Spain

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 775-789页

作者： jose A.Vega stefano Arellano-Perez juan Gabriel Alvarez-Gonzalez Cristina Fernandez Enrique jimenez Pedro Cuinas jose María Fernandez-Alonso Daniel j.Vega-Nieva Fernando Castedo-Dorado Cecilia Alonso-Rego Teresa Fontúrbel Ana Daría Ruiz-Gonzalez Centro de Investigacion Forestal de Lourizan PO Box 12736080PontevedraSpain Unidad de Gestion Ambiental y Forestal Sostenible(UXAFORES) Departamento de Ingeniería AgroforestalEscuela Politecnica Superior de IngenieríaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaCampus Universitario s/n27002LugoSpain Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.Durango s/nCol.Valle del Sur34120DurangoMexico Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de LeonCampus de Ponferrada24401PonferradaSpain

In this study,310 destructively sampled plots were used to develop two equation systems for the three main pine species in NW Spain(***;*** and ***):one for estimating loads of understorey fuel components by size and condition(live and dead)and another one for forest floor *** systems of equations were simultaneously fitted for estimating fuel loads using overstorey,understorey and forest floor variables as *** systems of equations included both the effect of pine species and the effect of understorey compositions dominated by ferns-brambles or by woody species,due to their obvious structural and physiological *** general,the goodness-of-fit statistics indicated that the estimates were reasonably robust and accurate for all of the fuel *** best results were obtained for total understorey vegetation,total forest floor and raw humus fuel loads,with more than 76%of the observed variability explained,whereas the poorest results were obtained for coarse fuel loads of understory vegetation with a 53%of observed variability *** reduce the overall costs associated with the field inventories necessary for operational use of the models,the additive systems were fitted again using only overstorey variables as potential *** relationships for fine(<6 mm)and total understorey vegetation and total forest floor fuel loads were obtained,indicating the complexity of the forest overstorey-understorey and overstorey-forest floor ***,these models explained around 52%of the observed ***,equations estimating the total understorey vegetation and the total forest floor fuel loads based only on canopy cover were *** models explained only 26%-32%of the observed variability;however,their main advantage is that although understorey vegetation in forested landscapes is largely invisible to remote sensing,canopy cover can be estimated with moderate accuracy,allowin

关键词： Area-based approach Additive equation systems Live and dead fine fuel Pinus pinaster Pinus radiata Pinus sylvestris

An efficient and accurate framework for calculating lattice thermal conductivity of solids:AFLOW-AAPL Automatic Anharmonic Phonon Library

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 79-88页

作者： jose j.Plata Pinku Nath Demet Usanmaz jesus Carrete Cormac Toher Maarten de jong Mark Asta Marco Fornari Marco Buongiorno Nardelli stefano Curtarolo Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Institute of Materials Chemistry TU WienA-1060 ViennaAustria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley210 Hearst Memorial Mining BuildingBerkeleyUSA SpaceX 1 Rocket RoadHawthorneCA 90250USA Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMI 48859USA Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTXUSA Materials Science Electrical EngineeringPhysics and ChemistryDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

One of the most accurate approaches for calculating lattice thermal conductivity,κ_(l),is solving the Boltzmann transport equation starting from third-order anharmonic force *** addition to the underlying approximations of ab-initio parameterization,two main challenges are associated with this path:high computational costs and lack of automation in the frameworks using this methodology,which affect the discovery rate of novel materials with ad-hoc ***,the Automatic Anharmonic Phonon Library(AAPL)is *** efficiently computes interatomic force constants by making effective use of crystal symmetry analysis,it solves the Boltzmann transport equation to obtain κ_(l),and allows a fully integrated operation with minimum user intervention,a rational addition to the current high-throughput accelerated materials development framework ***“experiment ***”study of the approach is shown,comparing accuracy and speed with respect to other available packages,and for materials characterized by strong electron localization and *** AAPL with the pseudo-hybrid functional ACBN0 is possible to improve accuracy without increasing computational requirements.

关键词： properties. harmonic calculating

Evaluation of the Reliability Performance of Failure Criteria for Composite Structures

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World journal of Mechanics 2012年第3期2卷 162-170页

作者： Athanasios j. Kolios stefano Proia Offshore Process and Energy Engineering Department Cranfield University Cranfield UK

Evolution of materials, following the design requirements of special structures, has shifted interest towards development of composite members able to meet strength requirements “tailored” to specific applications. These members can provide appropriate, more cost effective structures, however absence of generic design guidelines raise constraints towards derivation of optimized structures. Reliability-based assessment can overcome this limitation by ensuring that acceptable levels of target reliability are achieved throughout their service life. This paper presents a methodology for reliability assessment of composite members based on appropriate limit state functions derived according to fundamental failure criteria, Tsai-Hill and Tsai-Wu, applicable to composite materials. The methodology that is proposed employs a Stochastic Response Surface Method (SRSM) which combines in discrete steps FEA modelling, numerical simulations and analytical probabilistic assessment techniques, allowing use of commercial and custom developed specialized numerical tools. Application of the proposed methodology on a complex composite structural geometry will illustrate its efficiency and evaluate the reliability performance of the limit states derived and examined.

关键词： Composite members Stochastic Response Surface Method Tsai-Hill and Tsai-Wu Failure Criteria

Machine learning modeling of superconducting critical temperature

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期3卷 405-418页

作者： Valentin Stanev Corey Oses A.Gilad Kusne Efrain Rodriguez johnpierre Paglione stefano Curtarolo Ichiro Takeuchi Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742-4111USA Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Center for Materials Genomics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Physics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 14195 Berlin-DahlemGermany

Superconductivity has been the focus of enormous research effort since its discovery more than a century ***,some features of this unique phenomenon remain poorly understood;prime among these is the connection between superconductivity and chemical/structural properties of *** bridge the gap,several machine learning schemes are developed herein to model the critical temperatures(T_(c))of the 12,000+known superconductors available via the SuperCon *** are first divided into two classes based on their T_(c) values,above and below 10 K,and a classification model predicting this label is *** model uses coarse-grained features based only on the chemical *** shows strong predictive power,with out-of-sample accuracy of about 92%.Separate regression models are developed to predict the values of T_(c) for cuprate,iron-based,and low-T_(c) *** models also demonstrate good performance,with learned predictors offering potential insights into the mechanisms behind superconductivity in different families of *** improve the accuracy and interpretability of these models,new features are incorporated using materials data from the AFLOW Online ***,the classification and regression models are combined into a single-integrated pipeline and employed to search the entire Inorganic Crystallographic Structure Database(ICSD)for potential new *** identify>30 non-cuprate and non-iron-based oxides as candidate materials.

关键词： learning critical offering

Adjusting CA19-9 values to predict malignancy in obstructive jaundice:Influence of bilirubin and C-reactive protein

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4150-4155页

作者： Gaetano La Greca Maria Sofia Rosario Lombardo Saverio Latteri Agostino Ricotta stefano Puleo Domenico Russello Department of Surgical Sciences Organ Transplantation and Advanced TechnologiesUniversity of Catania95125 CataniaItaly

AIM:To find a possible relationship between inflammation and CA19-9 tumor marker by analyzing data from patients with benign jaundice(Bj) and malignant jaundice(Mj).METHODS:All patients admitted for obstructive jaundice,in the period 2005-2009,were prospectively enrolled in the study,obtaining a total of 102 *** admission,all patients underwent complete standard blood test examinations including C-reactive protein(CRP),bilirubin,*** were considered eligible for the study when they presented obstructive jaundice confirmed by instrumental examinations and increased serum bilirubin levels(total bilirubin > 2.0 mg/dL).The standard cut-off level for CA19-9 was 32 U/mL,whereas for CRP this was 1.5 mg/*** CA19-9 level was adjusted by dividing it by the value of serum bilirubin or by the CRP *** patients were divided into 2 groups,Mj and Bj,and after the adjustment a comparison between the 2 groups of patients was ***,specificity and positive predictive values were calculated before and after the ***:Of the 102 patients,51 were affected by Bj and 51 by *** CA19-9 levels were found in 71.7% of the *** the group of 51 Bj patients there were 29(56.9%) males and 22(43.1%) females with a median age of 66 years(range 24-96 years),whereas in the Mj group there were 24(47%) males and 27(53%) females,with a mean age of 70 years(range 30-92 years).Pathologic CA19-9 serum level was found in 82.3% of *** levels were pathologic in 66.6% of the patients with Bj and in 49% with *** and CA19-9 average levels were significantly higher in Mj compared with Bj(P = 0.000 and P = 0.02),while the CRP level was significantly higher in Bj(P = 0.000).Considering a CA19-9 cut-off level of 32 U/mL,82.3% in the Mj group and 54.9% in the Bj group were positive for CA19-9(P = 0.002).A CA19-9 cut-off of 100 U/mL increases the difference between the two groups:35.3% in Bj and 68.6% in Mj(P = 0.0007).Adjusting the CA1

关键词： C-反应蛋白预测值黄疸调整阻性恶性水平调节肿瘤标志物

Advances in minimally invasive neonatal colorectal surgery

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第10期8卷 670-678页

作者： Ashwath S Bandi Catherine j Bradshaw stefano Giuliani Department of Paediatric Surgery St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Over the last two decades,advances in laparoscopicsurgery and minimally invasive techniques have transformed the operative management of neonatal colorectal surgery for conditions such as anorectal malformations(ARMs) and Hirschsprung's *** of surgical care has mainly occurred due to the use of laparoscopy,as opposed to a laparotomy,for intraabdominal procedures and the development of trans-anal *** review describes these advances and outlines the main minimally invasive techniques currently used for management of ARMs and Hirschsprung's *** does still remain significant variation in the procedures used and this review aims to report the current literature comparing techniques with an emphasis on the short- and long-term clinical outcomes.

关键词： Neonatal surgery Laparoscopy Anorectal malformation Colorectal surgery Hirschsprung’s disease