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Inter- and intra-population variability of the protein content of femoral gland secretions from a lacertid lizard

Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 657-665页

作者： Marco MANGIACOTTI Marco FUMAGALLI stefano scali Marco A.L. ZUFFI Maddalena CAGNONE Roberta SALVINI Roberto SACCHI Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Taramelli 24 Pavia 1-27100 Italy Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano Corso Venezia 55 Milano 1-20121 Italy Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani" Biochemistry Unit University of Pavia Via Taramelli 3 Pavia 1-27100 Italy Museo di Storia Naturale Universita di Pisa Via Roma 79 Calci Pisa 1-56011 Italy Department of Molecular Medicine Biochemistry Unit University of Pavia Via Taramelli 3 Pavia 1-27100 Italy

Femoral glands of male lizards produce waxy secretions that are involved in inter- and intraspecific chemical communication. The main components of these secretions are proteins and lipids, the latter having been extensively studied and already associated to male quality. On the opposite, the composition and role of proteins are nearly unknown, the only available information coming from few studies on iguanids. These studies got the conclusion that proteins might have a communicative function, notably they could signal individual identity. A generalization of these findings requires the extension of protein analysis to other lizard families, and the primary detection of some patterns of individual variability. Using the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis as a model species, the protein fraction of the femoral pore secretions was investigated to provide the first characterization of this component in a lacertid lizard and to explore its source of variability, as a first step to support the hypothesized communicative role. Samples of proteins from femoral secretions were collected from 6 Italian populations and subjected to 1-dimensional electrophoresis. The binary vector of the band presence/absence was used to define the individual profiles. Protein fraction is found to have a structured pattern, with both an individual and a population component. Although the former supports the potential communicative role of proteins, the latter offers a double interpretation, phylogenetic or environmental, even though the phylogenetic effect seems more likely given the climatic resemblance of the considered sites. Further studies are necessary to shed light on both these issues.

关键词： chemical communication femoral glands lizards Podarcis muralis proteins SDS-PAGE.

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Morph-specific assortative mating in common wall lizard females

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 449-453页

作者： Roberto SACCHI Alan Jioele COLADONATO Michele GHITTI Marco MANGIACOTTI stefano scali Matteo Bovo Marco ZUFFI Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e delrAmbiente Università degli Studi di Pavia Via Taramelli 24 Pavia 1-27100 Italy Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano Corso Venezia 55 Milano 1-20121 Italy Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa Via Roma 79 Calci 1-56011 Italy di Pisa Via Roma 79 Calci 1-56011 Italy

Color polymorphism often is associated with alternative reproductive strategies and may reflect different adaptive optima that coexist within populations. The equilibrium among morph frequencies is maintained by the occurrence of opposite selective pressures （disruptive vs. stabilizing）, which promote polymorphism while preserving gene flow. Sexual selection may contribute on both sides, particularly when morphs do not mate randomly. Reptiles offer a good model, notably lizards. Nevertheless, previous studies on mate choice in polymorphic lizards have generated contrasting results, with some studies suggesting that female morphs might tune their preference depending on environmental/social conditions such as crowding. We experimentally manipulated the number of individuals a female common wall lizard Podarcis muralis perceives around her, to test if females of different morphs （white or yellow） tune their choice for white and yellow males in order to maximize the probability that hatchlings follow the strategy best adapted to the population density. Results showed that crowding experienced by females did not affect mate choice, arguing against a flexible choice strategy by females. However, white females significantly associated with white males, whereas yellow females did not significantly associate with yellow males. Thus, sexual selection could contribute to the maintenance of color polymorphism in this species by a mix of assortative and non-assortative mating strategies, which could maintain the equilibrium between gene divergence and gene flow among morphs.

关键词： flexible female choice population density color polymorphism sexual selection

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