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Calibration and validation of a simulation model for predicting pedestrian fatalities at unsignalized crosswalks by means of statistical traffic data

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第1期7卷 1-18页

作者： Claudio Feliciani Andrea Gorrini Luca Crociani Giuseppe Vizzari Katsuhiro Nishinari stefania Bandini Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of TokyoTokyo 1538904Japan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan

This work presents a simulation model for unsignalized crosswalks which takes into account collisions between vehicles and pedestrians,thus allowing to assess the estimated yearly pedestrian *** particular,we focus on a method to calibrate such a model combining measurable crosswalk characteristics,such as maximum speed limit or drivers’compliance,with statistical data for past accidents obtained from local *** order to perform simulations under realistic conditions,we constructed a one-week scenario where pedestrian and vehicle traffic vary using specific patterns each hour of the *** constructed traffic profile is based on openly available data and the suitability for the scenario considered(a crosswalk in Milan,Italy)is investigated showing that cultural/lifestyle elements determine the variation of weekly *** using the constructed one-week scenario were used to obtain the only non-measurable parameter which account for pedestrians’and drivers’*** addition,we also focused on the presence of elderly pedestrians which have different physiological characteristics compared to adults or children and are becoming an important part of the population in several countries around the *** simulation model presented here and the method suggested for calibration may be employed in different contexts,thus allowing to build an important tool to be used not only for transportation efficiency/optimization but also for safety analysis.

关键词： Traffic simulation Accident prevention Unsignalized crosswalk Vehicle-pedestrian interaction Weekly traffic variation

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Neurological and psychiatric effects of hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第29期27卷 4846-4861页

作者： Jessica Faccioli Silvia Nardelli stefania Gioia Oliviero Riggio Lorenzo Ridola Department of Translational and Precision Medicine “Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00185Italy

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is widespread and affects 71 million people *** hepatic manifestations are the most frequent,ranging from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma,it is also associated with several extrahepatic *** patients may present nonspecific neurological symptoms,regardless of the presence of liver *** pathogenetic mechanisms underlying neurological symptoms have been hypothesized:neuroinvasion,immune-mediated damage,neurotransmitter alterations and *** of the central nervous system include cerebral vasculopathy,acute or subacute encephalopathy and inflammatory *** infection may be responsible for neuropathies,of which the most frequent form is symmetrical axonal sensory or sensory-motor polyneuropathy which causes loss of leg sensitivity and *** to 50%of patients with HCV infection may experience cognitive decline and psychological disorders,such as depression and *** associated neurocognitive disorder is independent of the presence of liver cirrhosis and affects different domains than in patients with hepatic *** can be studied using specific tests that mainly explore executive functions,verbal learning and verbal *** disorders significantly reduce the quality of *** new antiviral therapies improve the extrahepatic symptoms of HCV infection and their success depends on the achievement of sustained virological ***,the effect of therapy may differ depending on the type of organ involved;neurological symptoms can be irreversible if there is organic liver *** aim of this review is to provide a critical overview of physiopathological mechanisms,diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of the neurological and psychiatric effects of HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Neurological disorders Psychiatric disorders Antiviral therapy Quality of life Hepatic encephalopathy

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Association of upper gastrointestinal symptoms with functional and clinical characteristics in the elderly

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第25期17卷 3020-3026页

作者： Alberto Pilotto stefania Maggi Marianna Noale Marilisa Franceschi Giancarlo Parisi Gaetano Crepaldi Geriatrics Unit Azienda ULSS 16 PadovaS.Antonio Hospital Aging Section National Research CouncilInstitute of Neuroscience Endoscopy Unit Department of Surgery Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms and their association with clinical and functional characteristics in elderly ***:The study involved 3238 outpatients ≥ 60 years consecutively enrolled by 107 general *** on social,behavioral and demographic characteristics,function in the activities of daily living (ADL),co-morbidities and drug use were collected by a structured *** gastrointestinal symptom data were collected by the 15-items upper gastro-intestinal symptom questionnaire for the elderly,a validated diagnostic tool which includes the following five symptom clusters:(1) abdominal pain syndrome;(2) reflux syndrome;(3) indigestion syndrome;(4) bleeding;and (5) non-specific *** and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms were analyzed through a logistic regression ***:3100 subjects were included in the final *** overall prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms was 43.0%,*** (1) 13.9%,(2) 21.9%,(3) 30.2%,(4) 1.2%,and (5) 4.5%.Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequently reported by females (P < 0.0001),with high number of co-morbidities (P < 0.0001),who were taking higher number of drugs (P < 0.0001) and needed assistance in the *** regression analysis demonstrated that female sex (OR=1.39,95% CI:1.17-1.64),disability in the ADL (OR=1.47,95% CI:1.12-1.93),smoking habit (OR=1.29,95% CI:1.00-1.65),and body mass index (OR=1.06,95% CI:1.04-1.08),as well as the presence of upper (OR=3.01,95% CI:2.52-3.60) and lower gastroenterological diseases (OR=2.25,95%CI:1.70-2.97),psychiatric (OR=1.60,95% CI:1.28-2.01) and respiratory diseases (OR=1.25,95% CI:1.01-1.54) were significantly associated with the presence of upper gastrointestinal ***:Functional and clinical characteristics are associated with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.A multidimensional comprehensive evaluation may be useful when approaching upper gastrointestina

关键词：消化道症状临床特点中老年人 logistic回归模型 Logistic回归分析协会胃肠道疾病呼吸系统疾病

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A tree counting algorithm for precision agriculture tasks

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第1期6卷 94-102页

作者： Franco Santoro Eufemia Tarantino Benedetto Figorito stefania Gualano Anna Maria D’Onghia Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Me´diterrane´ennes(CIHEAM) BariItaly School of Environmental Engineering Polytechnic University of BariBariItaly Institute of Intelligent Systems for Automation(ISSIA CNR) BariItaly

This study proposes an automatic procedure for individual fruit tree identification using GeoEye-1 sensor *** on site-specific pruning practices,the morphologic characteristics of tree crowns may generate one or more brightness peaks(tree top)on the *** optimize tree counting and to minimize typical background noises from orchards(*** soil,weeds,and man-made objects),a four-step algorithm was implemented with spatial transforms and functions suitable for spaced stands(asymmetrical smoothing filter,local minimum filter,mask layer,and spatial aggregation operator).System perfor-mance was evaluated through objective criteria,showing consistent results in fast capturing tree position for precision agriculture tasks.

关键词： individual tree identification image processing GeoEye-1 data precision agriculture geospatial data integration remote sensing sensor agri-culture

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Burden, risk assessment, surveillance and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers:a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 1-11页

作者： Federica Calò Antonio Russo Clarissa Camaioni stefania De Pascalis Nicola Coppola Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine-Infectious Diseases Unit University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliL.Armanni 580131 NaplesItaly

Background:Health workers(HWs)are at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and a possible source of nosocomial transmission *** the increased risk,the best surveillance strategy and management of exposed HWs are not yet well *** aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyze the existing evidence related to this topic in order to support public health strategies aimed at protecting HWs in the hospital *** text:A comprehensive computerized literature research from 1 January 2020 up to 22 May 2020 was made to identify studies analyzing the burden of infection,risk assessment,surveillance and management of HWs exposed to *** 1623 citation identified using MEDLINE,Embase,Google Scholar and manual search,we included 43 studies,14 webpages and 5 ongoing *** workers have a high risk of acquiring infection while caring for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** particular,some types exposures and their duration,as well as the inadequate or non-use of personal protective equipment(PPE)are associated with increased infection *** infection prevention and control procedures(IPC),adequate training programs on the appropriate use of PPE and close monitoring of HWs with symptom surveillance and testing are essential to significantly reduce the *** the moment there is not enough evidence to provide precise indications regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis(PREP)and post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP).Conclusions:During the spread of COVID-19 outbreak,numerous published papers investigated the epidemiology,risk assessment and prevention and control of ***,more high-quality studies are needed to provide valid recommendations for better management and for the clinical and microbiological surveillance of healthcare personnel.

关键词： Healthcare worker Health worker Risk assessment Surveillance Management COVID-19

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Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in liver cirrhosis: A viewpoint on the clinical impact of minimal hepatic encephalopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第35期25卷 5257-5265页

作者： Silvia Nardelli stefania Gioia Jessica Faccioli Oliviero Riggio Lorenzo Ridola Department of Translational and Precision Medicine "Sapienza" University of Rome

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) represents the mildest type of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). MHE is considered as a preclinical stage of HE and is part of a wide spectrum of typical neurocognitive alterations characteristic of patients with liver cirrhosis, particularly involving the areas of attention, alertness, response inhibition, and executive functions. MHE can be detected by testing the patients’ psychometric performance, attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and visuospatial ability, as well as by means of electrophysiological and other functional brain measures. MHE is very frequent, affecting from 20% up to 80% of patients tested, depending of the diagnostic tools used. Although subclinical, MHE is considered to be clinically relevant. In fact, MHE has been related to the patients’ falls, fitness to drive, and working ability. As a consequence, MHE affects the patients and caregivers lives by altering their quality of life and even their socioeconomic status. Recently sarcopenia, a very common condition in patients with advanced liver disease, has been shown to be strictly related to both minimal and overt HE. Aim of this review is to summarize the most recently published evidences about the emerging relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in cirrhotic patients and provide suggestions for future research.

关键词： Minimal hepatic encephalopathy Cognitive impairment Sarcopenia Muscle alterations Cirrhosis

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A new methodology for computing birds＇ 3D home ranges

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Avian Research 2018年第2期9卷 168-173页

作者： Alessandro Ferrarini Giuseppe Giglio stefania Caterina Pellegrino Anna Grazia Frassanito Marco Gustin Conservation Department LIPU - BirdLife (Lega Italiana Protezione Uccelli) Via Udine 3/a 43122 Parma Italy Alta Murgia National Park Via Firenze 10 70024 Gravina in Puglia Bari Italy.

Background: So far, studies of avian space use are mostly realized in 2 D, with the vertical dimension ignored. We propose here a new, relatively simple and computationally reasonable method for the estimation of volumetric(i.e. 3 D) avian home ***: Through accurate GPS data-loggers, we collected 25,405 GPS points on Lesser Kestrels'(Falco naumanni) space use during the nestling period in one main colony in Italy. We applied our 3 D home range estimator to the whole GPS dataset, and also separately to diurnal and nocturnal GPS ***: The 3 D colony home range resulted equal to 28.12 km3. By considering daytime and night-time separately, the volumetric home ranges resulted considerably ***: Our 3 D home range estimator, because of its intuitive and straightforward properties, can easily capitalize on the datasets offered by modern biotelemetry(data-loggers, light detection and LIDAR sensors) and enhance conservation strategies for mitigating anthropogenic impacts on bird species. Its applications embrace, but are not limited to, more accurate estimates of collision risk with power lines, aircrafts and wind farms, and increased knowledge of birds' space requirements in order to persist in their distribution areas.

关键词：鸟类生物遥感动物学 GPS

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Non-invasive evaluation of intestinal disorders: The role of elastographic techniques

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第16期23卷 2832-2840页

作者： Federica Branchi Flavio Caprioli stefania Orlando Dario Conte Mirella Fraquelli Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico20122 MilanItaly Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Universitàdegli Studi di Milano20122 MilanItaly

Over the recent years the non-invasive techniques for the evaluation of the small bowel have been playing a major role in the management of chronic intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD). The diagnostic performances of magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and ultrasound in the field of small bowel disorders, have been assessed and established for more than two decades. Newer sonographic techniques, such as strain elastography and shear wave elastography, have been put forward for the assessment of disease activity and characterization of IBD-related damage in the setting of Crohn's disease and other gastrointestinal disorders. The data from the preliminary research and clinical studies have shown promising results as regards the ability of elastographic techniques to differentiate inflammatory from fibrotic tissue. The distinction between IBD activity(inflammation) and IBD-related damage(fibrosis) is currently considered crucial for the assessment and management of patients. Moreover, all the elastographic techniques are currently being considered in the setting of other intestinal disorders(e.g., rectal tumors, appendicitis). The aim of this paper is to offer both a comprehensive narrative review of the non-invasive techniques available for the assessment of small-bowel disorders, with particular emphasis on inflammatory bowel diseases, and a summary of the current evidence on the use of elastographic techniques in this setting.

关键词： elastography Fibrosis Inflammatory bowel disease Bowel wall Stricture

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Evaluation of dietary addition of 2 essential oils from Achillea moschata,or their components (bornyl acetate,camphor,and eucalyptol) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community composition

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 224-231页

作者： stefania Colombini Andrea Rota Graziosi Pietro Parma Marcello Iriti Sara Vitalini Chiara Sarnataro Mauro Spanghero Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Produzione TerritorioAgroenergiaUniversitàDegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 220133 MilanoItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari Ambientali e AnimaliUniversitàDegli Studi di Udine33100 UdineItaly

This study investigated the effects of 2 Achillea moschata essential oils extracted from plants collected in 2 different valleys of the Italian Alps and 3 pure compounds of oils—bornyl acetate(BOR),camphor(CAM),and eucalyptol(EUCA)—on in vitro ruminal fermentation and *** in vitro batch fermentation experiment(Exp.1)tested the addition of all of the substances(2 essential oils and 3 compounds)in fermentation bottles(120 mL)at 48 h of incubation,whereas a subsequent in vitro continuous culture experiment(Exp.2)evaluated the pure compounds added to the fermenters(2 L)for a longer incubation period(9 d).In both experiments,total mixed rations were incubated with the additives,and samples without additives were included as the control(CTR).Each treatment was tested in duplicate and was repeated in 3 and 2 fermentation runs in Exp.1 and 2,*** production(GP)in Exp.1 was similar for all of the treatments,and short chain volatile fatty acid(SCFA)production was similar in both experiments except for a decrease of SCFA produced(P=0.029)due to EUCA addition in *** to CTR,BOR and CAM reduced the valerate proportion(P=0.04)in Exp.1,and increased(P<0.01)the acetate proportion in *** treatments increased(P<0.01)total protozoa counts(+36.7%and+48.4%compared to CTR on average for Exp.1 and 2,respectively).In Exp.1,all of the treatments lowered the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and increased the Proteobacteria relative abundances(P<0.05),whereas in Exp.2,the EUCA addition increased(P=0.012)the *** Exp.1,methane(CH4)as a proportion of the GP was lowered(P=0.004)by the addition of CAM and EUCA compared to CTR,whereas in Exp.2,EUCA reduced the amount of stoichiometrically calculated CH4 compared to ***,essential oils extracted from *** and the pure compounds did not depress in vitro rumen fermentation,except for EUCA in *** both experiments,an increase of the protozoal population occurred for all the additives.

关键词： Methane Rumen fermentation Achillea moschata Protozoa Microbiome

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Role of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第29期7卷 2259-2266页

作者： Federica Fregnan Luisa Muratori Anabel Rodriguez Simǒes Maria Giuseppina Giacobini-Robecchi stefania Raimondo Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinOrbassano 10043 TurinItaly Neuroscience Institute of the "Cavalieri Ottolenghi" Foundation Orbassano 10043TurinItaly

Inflammatory events occurring in the distal part of an injured peripheral nerve have, nowadays, a great resonance. Investigating the timing of action of the several cytokines in the important stages of Wallerian degeneration helps to understand the regenerative process and design pharmacologic intervention that promotes and expedites recovery. The complex and synergistic action of inflammatory cytokines finally promotes axonal regeneration. Cytokines can be divided into pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that upregulate and downregulate, respectively, the production of inflammatory mediators. While pro-inflammatory cytokines are expressed in the first phase of Wallerian degeneration and promote the recruitment of macrophages, anti-inflammatory cytokines are expressed after this recruitment and downregulate the production of all cytokines, thus determining the end of the process. In this review, we describe the major inflammatory cytokines involved in Wallerian degeneration and the early phases of nerve regeneration. In particular, we focus on interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-β, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β.

关键词： pro-inflammatory cytokines anti-inflammatory cytokines inflammatory reaction peripheral nervoussystem nerve injury wallerian degeneration Schwann cells macrophage axonal regeneration myelin neural regeneration

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