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Smoking prevalence in the area of responsibility of the German Ministry of Defense——results of the employee survey in the context of occupational health management

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Military Medical Research 2020年第3期7卷 343-349页

作者： stefan Sammito Annika Claus Dirk-Matthias Rose Department I 3 Research&Development Air Force Centre of Aerospace MedicineCologneGermany Occupational Medicine Faculty of MedicineOtto-von-Guericke-University of MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute for Teachers’Health Institute of OccupationalSocial and Environmental Medicine of the Johannes-Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Background:Tobacco use,correlated with reduced physical fitness,is one of the leading causes of avoidable death *** increases the risk of dementia and can shorten the lifespan by 10 *** the German Armed Forces(Bundeswehr),figures on smoking behavior have not been comprehensively *** study analyzes current data in a large sample from this ***:Based on an employee survey as part of the Occupational Health Management System,data on smoking behavior from 13,326 participants were analyzed in relation to age,gender,professional status,education level and membership in military operational units versus other ***:Smoking behavior varied significantly(Polder),gender,professional status,military agency membership status,and education level(the lower the education level,the higher the smoking rates).With the exception of the downward trend in smoking behavior with increasing age among civilian employees,these results were all significant(P<0.005).Conclusions:This data analysis shows that smoking prevalence among personnel in the area of responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Defense is comparable to the current data from corresponding surveys of the German *** on gender,they generally show values that are slightly above those of the German *** well-known trend in the general population of decreasing smoking prevalence with increasing age is also seen in this ***,there are considerable differences in the smoking prevalence among individual subgroups(professional status,agency,gender,education level).The data show that particular young soldiers in the armed forces should be the target group for further preventive measures.

关键词： Prevention Smoking Military Health promotion

The AiiDA-KKR plugin and its application to highthroughput impurity embedding into a topological insulator

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 108-116页

作者： Philipp Rüßmann Fabian Bertoldoand stefan Blügel Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARAD-52425 JülichGermany

The ever increasing availability of supercomputing resources led computer-based materials science into a new era of highthroughput ***,Pizzi et *** the AiiDA framework that provides a way to automate calculations while allowing to store the full provenance of complex workflows in a *** present the development of the AiiDA-KKR plugin that allows to perform a large number of ab initio impurity embedding calculations based on the relativistic full-potential Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function *** capabilities of the AiiDA-KKR plugin are demonstrated with the calculation of several thousand impurities embedded into the prototypical topological insulator *** results are collected in the JuDiT database which we use to investigate chemical trends as well as Fermi level and layer dependence of physical properties of *** includes the study of spin moments,the impurity’s tendency to form in-gap states or its effect on the charge doping of the *** properties depend on the detailed electronic structure of the impurity embedded into the host crystal which highlights the need for ab initio calculations in order to get accurate predictions.

关键词： method topological embedding

Applications of object detection networks in high-power laser systems and experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第1期11卷 52-60页

作者： Jinpu Lin Florian Haberstroh stefan Karsch Andreas Döpp Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München GarchingGermany

The recent advent of deep artificial neural networks has resulted in a dramatic increase in performance for object classification and *** pre-trained with everyday objects,we find that a state-of-the-art object detection architecture can very efficiently be fine-tuned to work on a variety of object detection tasks in a high-power laser *** this paper,three exemplary applications are *** show that the plasma waves in a laser±plasma accelerator can be detected and located on the optical *** plasma wavelength and plasma density are estimated ***,we present the detection of all the peaks in an electron energy spectrum of the accelerated electron beam,and the beam charge of each peak is estimated ***,we demonstrate the detection of optical damage in a high-power laser *** reliability of the object detector is demonstrated over1000 laser shots in each *** study shows that deep object detection networks are suitable to assist online and offline experimental analysis,even with small training *** believe that the presented methodology is adaptable yet robust,and we encourage further applications in Hz-level or kHz-level high-power laser facilities regarding the control and diagnostic tools,especially for those involving image data.

关键词： high repetition rate laser±plasma accelerators machine learning object detection optical diagnostics

Actuation of Liquid Flow by Guided Acoustic Waves on Punched Steel Tapes with Protruding Loops

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第3期18卷 534-547页

作者： Alexander Backer Johannes Landskron Klaus stefan Drese Gerhard Lindner Institute of Sensor and Actuator Technology Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts96450 CoburgGermany

In a biomimetic approach the feasibility of liquid flow actuation by vibrating protruding structures excited via guided acoustic waves is *** by periodically beating cilia the loop part of a punched metallic hook-and-loop tape with tilted protruding loops was used as a waveguide for plate waves in *** waves were excited in the frequency range of 110 Hz to 220 Hz by directly coupling the tape to a loudspeaker membrane.A flow generated in the tilt direction of the loops with velocities up to 60 mm s 1 was visualized by ink droplets deposited on the *** phenomenon persisted,when the protruding length of the loops was reduced by decreasing the protrusion ***,after closing the punch holes near the loops with sticking tape streaming could not be observed any *** same happened with open punch holes when the ink was replaced by ***-frequency acoustic streaming around vibrating sharp edges is proposed as an explanation for the observed *** are expected with respect to the modification of flow profiles and the enhancement of transport processes along and across liquid-solid boundaries.

关键词： bio-inspired guided acoustic waves metallic hook-and-loop tape artificial cilia liquid propulsion Copyright

Surgery for obstructed defecation syndrome-is there an ideal technique

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 1-5页

作者： stefan Riss Anton Stift Department of General Surgery Medical University of ViennaA-1090 ViennaAustria

Obstructive defecation syndrome(ODS) is a common disorder with a considerable impact on the quality of life of affected *** for ODS remains a challenging *** exists a great variety of operative techniques to treat patients with *** to the surgeon's preference the approach can be transanal,transvaginal,transperineal or *** techniques have its advantages and ***,high evidence based studies are significantly lacking in literature,thus making accurate assessments *** patient's selection is crucial to achieveoptimal functional *** is mandatory to assess not only defecation disorders but also evaluate overall pelvic floor symptoms,such as fecal incontinence and urinary disorders for choosing an appropriate and tailored *** investigation is essential but may not explain complaints of every patient.

关键词： Obstructive defecation syndrome Defecatory disorde

Modelling the mechanism and kinetics of ascorbic acid diffusion in genipin-crosslinked gelatin and chitosan networks at distinct pH

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 684-694页

作者： Felicity A.Whitehead stefan Kasapis School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria3083Australia

Crosslinked biopolymers were prepared for controlled release to investigate the diffusion of ascorbic acid from swelling high-solid networks in neutral and acidic pH *** swelling was measured at pH 2.8 and pH 6.8 and change in microstructural properties,including network mesh size and average molecular weight between crosslinks of genipin-crosslinked gelatin and genipin-crosslinked chitosan systems,were *** mathematical modelling was applied to the first 60%of ascorbic acid diffusion and statistical analysis was used to determine the model that best fits the experimental *** transport from the gelatin-based networks was best described by the Peppas-Sahlin model whereas the distinct effect of pH on chitosan structure formation brought into consideration the zero-order *** modelling of bioactive compound release from swelling biopolymer matrices at different pH conditions is essential for the design of efficient targeted delivery matrices for functional food and nutraceutical applications.

关键词： Gelatin Chitosan Genipin crosslinking Ascorbic acid Diffusion kinetics

Is the type of insufflation a key issue in gastro-intestinal endoscopy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2193-2199页

作者： Amy C Lord stefan Riss Department of General Surgery Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital Basingstoke Hampshire RG24 9NA United Kingdom Department of General Surgery Medical University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria

Endoscopic procedures continue to play an emerging role in diagnosing and treating upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. In particular, the introduction of colonoscopy in bowel cancer screening has underlined its promising role in decreasing the incidence of colorectal cancer and reducing tumour related mortality. To achieve these goals patients need to contemplate endoscopic examinations as painless and fearless procedures. The use of carbon dioxide (CO2) as an alternative insufflation gas in comparison to air has been considered as an essential key to improving patients’ acceptance in undergoing endoscopic procedures. CO2 is absorbed quickly through the bowel mucosa causing less luminal distension and potentially less abdominal pain. However, its exact role has not been defined completely. In particular, the beneficial use of CO2 in upper GI endoscopy and in sedated patients is still conflicting. In the present review, we aimed to assess the current evidence for using CO2 in endoscopy and to evaluate its potential role in the future.

关键词： Gastrointestinal endoscopy Colonoscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Insufflation gas Carbon dioxide

Neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer＇s disease： elucidation of the molecular mechanism by immunohistochemistry and tau protein phospho-proteomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1579-1581页

作者： athanasios metaxas stefan j.kempf institute of molecular medicine university of southern denmark department of biochemistry and molecular biology university of southern denmark

As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.

关键词： Neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s disease elucidation of the molecular mechanism by immunohistochemistry and tau protein phospho-proteomics NFT

Omicron:Master of immune evasion maintains robust ACE2 binding

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1360-1362页

作者： Markus Hoffmann Lu Zhang stefan Pohlmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany Georg-August-University Göttingen GöttingenGermany

The spike(S)protein of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is highly mutated but the impact of these mutations on viral entry into cells and its inhibition by antibodies has been unclear.A recent study published in Science by Mannar et *** shows that these mutations are compatible with robust ACE2 binding and allow for efficient evasion of neutralizing *** emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has become a hallmark of the COVID-19 *** of concern(VOC)harbor mutations in the viral S protein that can increase transmissibility,potentially by promoting S protein binding to the cellular receptor ACE2.

关键词： ACE2 maintain