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Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer:Impact on extracapsular lymph node involvement

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第16期16卷 1986-1992页

作者： Ralf metzger Elfriede Bollschweiler Uta Drebber stefan p mnig Wolfgang Schrder Hakan Alakus martin Kocher Stephan E Baldus Arnulf H Hlscher Department of General Visceral and Cancer SurgeryCenter for Integrated OncologyUniversity Hospital of Cologne Department of pathology University of Cologne Department of Radiation Oncology University of Cologne Department of pathology University of Düsseldorf

AIm:To assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) on the presence of extracapsular lymph node involvement(LNI) and its prognostic value in patients with resected esophageal ***:Two hundred and ninety-eight patients with advanced esophageal cancer underwent esophagectomy between 1997 and *** hundred and ninety patients(63.8%) were treated with neoadjuvant CRT prior to resection.A total of 986 metastatic LNs were *** of the patients was analyzed according to intra-and extra-capsular ***:Five-year survival rate was 22.5% for the entire patient *** with extracapsular LNI had a 5-year survival rate of 16.7%,which was comparable to the 15.8% in patients with infiltrated nodes of the celiac trunk(pm1lymph).In contrast to patients treated with surgery alone,neoadjuvant therapy resulted in signif icantly(p = 0.001) more patients with pN0/m0(51.6% vs 25.0%).In 17.6% of the patients with surgery alone vs 16.8% with neoadjuvant CRT,extracapsular LNI was *** therapy does not reduce the occurrence of extracapsular ***:Extracapsular LNI is an independent negative prognostic factor not influenced by neoadjuvant *** a revised staging system for esophageal cancer,extracapsular LNI should be considered.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Neoadjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Adenocarcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Lymph node metastasis Extracapsular lymph node involvement prognosis

Co-expression of CDX2 and mUC2 in gastric carcinomas: Correlations with clinico-pathological parameters and prognosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第21期11卷 3182-3188页

作者： Kristina Roessler stefan p.m(o|¨)nig paul m.Schneider Franz-Georg Hanisch Stephanie Landsberg Juergen Thiele Arnulf H.H(o|¨)lscher Hans p.Dienes Stephan E.Baldus Institute of pathology University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany Department of Visceral and Vascular Surgery University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany Center of Biochemistry University of Cologne Cologne Germany Institute of pathology University of Cologne 50931 CologneGermany Department of Visceral and Vascular Surgery University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany

AIm: To evaluate the role of CDX2 homeobox protein as a predictor for cancer progression and prognosis as well as its correlation with mUC2 expression. CDX2 represents a transcription factor for various intestinal genes (including mUC2) and thus an important regulator of intestinal differentiation, which could previously be identified in gastric carcinomas and intestinal metaplasia. mETHODS: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 190 gastric carcinoma patients were stained with monodonal antibodies recognizing CDX2 and mUC2, respectively. Immunoreactivity was evaluated semiquantitatively and statistical analyses including x2 tests, uni- and multi-variate survival analyses were performed. RESULTS: CDX2 was mostly expressed in a nuclear or supranuclear pattern,whereas mUC2 showed an almost exclusive supranuclear *** antigens were present in >80% of areas exhibiting intestinal metaplasia. An immunoreactivity in >5% of the tumor area was observed in 57% (CDX2) or in 21% (mUC2) of the *** presence of both molecules did not correlate with WHO, Lauren and Goseki classification (with the exception of a significantly stronger mUC2 expression in mucinous tumors). CDX2 correlated with a lower pT and pN stage in the subgroups of intestinal and stage I cancers and was associated with mUC2 positivity.A prognostic impact of CDX2 or mUC2 was not observed. CONCLUSION: CDX2 and mUC2 play an important role in the differentiation of normal, inflamed, and neoplastic gastric tissues. According to our results, loss of CDX2 may represent a marker of tumor progression in early gastric cancer and carcinomas with an intestinal phenotype.

关键词： CDX2 mUC2 monoclonal antibody Gastric carcinoma prognosis

Association of the GNAS1 T393C polymorphism with tumor stage and survival in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第48期15卷 6061-6067页

作者： Hakan Alakus stefan p mnig Ute Warnecke-Eberz Gül Alakus Günther Winde Uta Drebber Klaus J Schmitz Kurt W Schmid Kathrin Riemann Winfried Siffert Elfriede Bollschweiler Arnulf H Hlscher Ralf metzger Department of General Visceral and Cancer SurgeryCenter for Integrated OncologyUniversity of Cologne Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Klinikum Herford Institute of pathology University of Cologne Institute of pathology and Neuropathology University Hospital of EssenUniversity of Duisburg-Essen Institute of pharmaco-genetics University Hospital of EssenUniversity of Duisburg-Essen

AIm： To analyze the impact of the GNAS1 T393C polymorphism on prognosis and histopathology of gastric cancer. mETHODS： Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffinembedded tissues of 122 patients with primary gastric carcinoma and from the blood of 820 healthy white individuals. Allelic discrimination was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was correlated with histopathologic parameters and with overall survival according to the Kaplan-meier approach and with multivariate analysis by multiple stepwise regression. RESULTS： Thirty-nine （32%） patients displayed a CC genotype, 57 （46.7%） a CT genotype and 26 （21.3%） a TT genotype. The frequency of the C allele （fC） in the patient group was 0.55, which was not significantly different from that of healthy blood donors. The distribution was compatible with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Analysis of clinicopathological parameters did not show any significant correlation of the T393C genotype with gender （p = 0.50）, differentiation （p = 0.29）, pT-category （p = 0.19）, pN-category （p = 0.30）, pm-category （p = 0.25）, R-category （p = 0.95）, the classifications according to WHO （p = 0.34）, Lauren （p = 0.16）, Goseki （p = 1.00） and ming （p =0.74）. Dichotomization between C＋（CC＋CT） and C-genotypes （FI）, however, revealed significantly more advanced tumor stages （p = 0.023） and lower survival rates （p = 0.043） for C allele carriers. CONCLUSION： The present study provides strong evidence to suggest that the GNAS1 T393C allele carrier status influences tumor progression and survival in gastric cancer with higher tumor stages and a worse outcome for C allele carriers.

关键词： Gastric cancer G protein polymorphism prognosis Tumor stage

EVA NEXUS-phaco performance study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann stefan Kassumeh Siegfried priglinger Wolfgang mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIm:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(p=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(p=0.701)and total surgery time(p=0.565).postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(p=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

Type 2 Diabetes—Hard to Select a Healthy Choice

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： stefan Backe Department of public Health Sciences University of Sk&#246vde Sk&#246vde Sweden

Introduction: The use of foods containing high levels of sugar is increasing all the time. This is a risk factor for increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. There are few studies that have investigated the availability of low-sugar müsli products in grocery stores. purpose: The study aims to identify which types of müsli contain high respectively low levels of sugar, and which brands are involved. methods: The material consists of both qualitative interviews and observations from five grocery stores: City Gross, Hemköp, Ica maxi, Stora Coop and Willy’s in Helsingborg, Sweden. The qualitative interviews had a semi-structured character and were recorded. The interviews took approx. 20 minutes and a textual analysis was conducted of the results. Data from observation was analyzed based on brand, nutritional composition and flavors, and also, where low sugar products were placed on store shelves. Results: The grocery stores provided together brands from AXA, Coop, Finax, Frebaco, Garant, ICA, Risenta, Saltå Kvarn och Urtekram, in total 24 müsli products. Of these products, 19 were high in sugar. The observation reveals that müsli products with high sugar content (17 - 29 g per 100 g müsli) are more prominently displayed than those with low sugar content. From the interviews with the store managers, it became clear that it would be valuable to highlight healthy müsli products on the shelves. However, central bureaucracy puts obstacles to such measures. Discussion: The study emphasizes the need for increased visibility of low-sugar products and proposes solutions such as negotiating with responsible person at the head office in Stockholm. Several reviews have shown that if the grocery store raises the prices of unhealthy food, the consumer is willing to purchase healthier müsli and other products. Conclusion: This study shows the need for grocery stores to upgrade healthy müsli products along with advertising to be able to influence customer’s shopping habits. Also, furth

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes High Sugar Content in müsli Difficulty making Healthy Choices Central Food Bureaucracy

Enhanced entropy generation and heat transfer characteristics of magnetic nano-encapsulated phase change materials in latent heat thermal energy storage systems

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1051-1070页

作者： p.S.REDDY p.SREEDEVI Department of mathematics Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyal 518501India

The objective of the current study is to investigate the importance of entropy generation and thermal radiation on the patterns of velocity,isentropic lines,and temperature contours within a thermal energy storage device filled with magnetic nanoencapsulated phase change materials(NEpCms).The versatile finite element method(FEm)is implemented to numerically solve the governing *** effects of various parameters,including the viscosity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the thermal conductivity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the Rayleigh parameter,ranging from 102 to 3×10^(2),the radiation number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,the fusion temperature,ranging from 1.0 to 1.2,the volume fraction of NEpCms,ranging from 2%to 6%,the stefan number,ranging from 1 to 5,the magnetic number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,and the irreversibility parameter,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,are examined in detail on the temperature contours,isentropic lines,heat capacity ratio,and velocity ***,the heat transfer rates at both the cold and hot walls are analyzed,and the findings are presented *** results indicate that the time taken by the NEpCms to transition from solid to liquid is prolonged inside the chamber region as the fusion temperatureθf ***,the contours of the heat capacity ratio Cr decrease with the increase in the stefan number Ste.

关键词： volume fraction of nano-encapsulated phase change material(NEpCm) radiation stefan number heat capacity ratio entropy generation

Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph SHill Jonathan H.H.Booth Anna popczyk stefan R.pulver malte C.Gather marcel Schubert Centre of Biophotonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK Humboldt Centre for Nano-and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany School of psychology and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia BarcelonaSpain

mechanical forces are key regulators of cellular behavior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and pathological *** force sensors and imaging techniques have been developed to quantify these otherwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current techniques rely heavily on high-resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing their application to 2D cell cultures and highly transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFORm,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic technique that detects sub-nanonewton forces with unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on the spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses the force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in these droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model that links changes in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFORm is used to measure forces in 3D and at depths of hundreds of microns within tumor spheroids and late-stage Drosophila *** furthermore show continuous force sensing with single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,thus paving the way for non-invasive studies of biomechanical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion otherwise hundreds

Towards greener polymers:Trends in the German chemical industry

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 33-44页

作者： Adam W.Franz stefan Buchholz Rolf W.Albach Rolf Schmid BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau 63457Germany Association for Chemistry and Economics German Chemical SocietyFrankfurt am Main 60444Germany Stuttgart University and Bio4Business Stuttgart 70569Germany

Global plastics production is expected to exceed 400 million tons and reach 600 million tons by *** synthesis currently accounts for approximately 3%of global greenhouse gas *** 60%of all polymers are produced for *** include shopping bags,packaging materials,mulch films,and soluble polymers for cosmetics and other ***,only a portion of single-use plastic is recycled or disposed of in incinerators or *** estimated 20%is not disposed of properly and pollutes the global environment,especially the *** response to these challenges,the United Nations,European Union,and many nation-states are developing regulatory frameworks that encourage the chemical industry to produce plastics with a smaller environmental footprint and often support this through research *** solutions include:(1)the use of green energy,green hydrogen,bio-based feedstocks,or CO_(2) in synthesis;(2)the reuse or recycling of plastics through conversion or pyrolysis;and(3)the production of biodegradable *** German chemical industry contributes approximately one-third of polymer production in the *** is embedded in the EU regulatory and research landscape and anchored in the European Green Deal,which aims for carbon neutrality by *** this paper,we describe how BASF and Evonik,two leading German chemical companies with strong but different polymer portfolios,respond to the call for greener polymers and how technologies are being developed to make polyurethanes,a particularly important and difficult-to-recycle family of elastomers and duromers,renewable and *** the environmental footprint of plastics requires not only innovative materials but also proper governance,regulatory and collection systems,and public willingness to *** an international comparison of these competencies,expressed by the"polymer management index"(pmI),Germany achieved a top position.

关键词： plastics recycling Biobased plastics Biodegradable plastics polymer management index European Green Deal

Single-emitter super-resolved imaging of radiative decay rate enhancement in dielectric gap nanoantennas

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 47-54页

作者： R.margoth Córdova-Castro Bart van Dam Alberto Lauri stefan A.maier Riccardo Sapienza Yannick De Wilde Ignacio Izeddin Valentina Krachmalnicoff Institut Langevin ESPCI ParisPSL UniversityCNRSParisFrance The Blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK School of physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Ludwig-Maximilians Universität MünchenMuenchenGermany Department of physics University of OttawaOttawaONCanada

High refractive index dielectric nanoantennas strongly modify the decay rate via the purcell effect through the design of radiative *** to their dielectric nature,the field is mainly confined inside the nanostructure and in the gap,which is hard to probe with scanning probe *** we use single-molecule fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(smFLIm)to map the decay rate enhancement in dielectric Gap nanoantenna dimers with a median localization precision of 14 *** measure,in the gap of the nanoantenna,decay rates that are almost 30 times larger than on a glass *** comparing experimental results with numerical simulations we show that this large enhancement is essentially radiative,contrary to the case of plasmonic nanoantennas,and therefore has great potential for applications such as quantum optics and biosensing.

关键词： dielectric decay radiative