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Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rate stable at major Canadian breast cancer center

World Journal of Clinical oncology 2016年第3期7卷 302-307页

作者： Amanda Roberts Lakhbir Sandhu Tulin D Cil stefan o p hofer Toni Zhong Department of Surgery University of Toronto Division of General Surgery University Health Network and Women’s College Hospital Division of plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Health Network Toronto General Hospital

AIM: To examine trends of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy(CpM) rates at a Canadian academic breast cancer ***: A single-institution retrospective cohort study was completed. Women of any age who underwent at least a unilateral mastectomy(UM) for primary unilateral breast carcinoma between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2010 were included. patients who underwent CpM on the same day as UM were isolated to create two distinct cohorts. patient and procedure characteristics were compared across groups using R software(version 3.1.0). The percentage of CpMs per year was determined. The Cochrane-Armitage test was used to assess the trend of CpMs over time. A p value of onsidered ***: A total of 811 women met the inclusions/exclusion criteria; 759(93.6%) underwent UM alone and 52(6.4%) underwent UM with immediate CpM. The absolute number of procedures(UM and UM + CpM) increased over time, from 83 in 2004 to 147 in 2010 reflecting an increase in mastectomy volume. Annual CpM rates did not increase over time(p = 0.7) and varied between 2.6% to 10.7%. Family history of breast cancer [oR 3.6(1.8-7.3)] and immediate reconstruction [10.0(5.2-19.3)] were both significantly associated with CpM. Women who underwent CpM were younger(median age CpM 49 years vs UM 52 years, p ot statistically associated with increased rates of CpM. CoNCLUSIoN: CpM rates from 2004 to 2010 at a high-volume Canadian breast cancer center did not increase over time, in contrast to trends observed in the United States.

关键词： Breast oncology prophylactic Mastectomy Surgery

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EVA NEXUS-phaco performance study

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas ohlmann stefan Kassumeh Siegfried priglinger Wolfgang Mayer Department of ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.o.R.C.,Dutch opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LoCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(p=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(p=0.701)and total surgery time(p=0.565).postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(p=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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Type 2 Diabetes—Hard to Select a Healthy Choice

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： stefan Backe Department of public Health Sciences University of Sk&#246vde Sk&#246vde Sweden

Introduction: The use of foods containing high levels of sugar is increasing all the time. This is a risk factor for increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. There are few studies that have investigated the availability of low-sugar müsli products in grocery stores. purpose: The study aims to identify which types of müsli contain high respectively low levels of sugar, and which brands are involved. Methods: The material consists of both qualitative interviews and observations from five grocery stores: City Gross, Hemköp, Ica Maxi, Stora Coop and Willy’s in Helsingborg, Sweden. The qualitative interviews had a semi-structured character and were recorded. The interviews took approx. 20 minutes and a textual analysis was conducted of the results. Data from observation was analyzed based on brand, nutritional composition and flavors, and also, where low sugar products were placed on store shelves. Results: The grocery stores provided together brands from AXA, Coop, Finax, Frebaco, Garant, ICA, Risenta, Saltå Kvarn och Urtekram, in total 24 müsli products. of these products, 19 were high in sugar. The observation reveals that müsli products with high sugar content (17 - 29 g per 100 g müsli) are more prominently displayed than those with low sugar content. From the interviews with the store managers, it became clear that it would be valuable to highlight healthy müsli products on the shelves. However, central bureaucracy puts obstacles to such measures. Discussion: The study emphasizes the need for increased visibility of low-sugar products and proposes solutions such as negotiating with responsible person at the head office in Stockholm. Several reviews have shown that if the grocery store raises the prices of unhealthy food, the consumer is willing to purchase healthier müsli and other products. Conclusion: This study shows the need for grocery stores to upgrade healthy müsli products along with advertising to be able to influence customer’s shopping habits. Also, furth

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes High Sugar Content in Müsli Difficulty Making Healthy Choices Central Food Bureaucracy

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Enhanced entropy generation and heat transfer characteristics of magnetic nano-encapsulated phase change materials in latent heat thermal energy storage systems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1051-1070页

作者： p.S.REDDY p.SREEDEVI Department of Mathematics Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyal 518501India

The objective of the current study is to investigate the importance of entropy generation and thermal radiation on the patterns of velocity,isentropic lines,and temperature contours within a thermal energy storage device filled with magnetic nanoencapsulated phase change materials(NEpCMs).The versatile finite element method(FEM)is implemented to numerically solve the governing *** effects of various parameters,including the viscosity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the thermal conductivity parameter,ranging from 1 to 3,the Rayleigh parameter,ranging from 102 to 3×10^(2),the radiation number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,the fusion temperature,ranging from 1.0 to 1.2,the volume fraction of NEpCMs,ranging from 2%to 6%,the stefan number,ranging from 1 to 5,the magnetic number,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,and the irreversibility parameter,ranging from 0.1 to 0.5,are examined in detail on the temperature contours,isentropic lines,heat capacity ratio,and velocity ***,the heat transfer rates at both the cold and hot walls are analyzed,and the findings are presented *** results indicate that the time taken by the NEpCMs to transition from solid to liquid is prolonged inside the chamber region as the fusion temperatureθf ***,the contours of the heat capacity ratio Cr decrease with the increase in the stefan number Ste.

关键词： volume fraction of nano-encapsulated phase change material(NEpCM) radiation stefan number heat capacity ratio entropy generation

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Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph SHill Jonathan H.H.Booth Anna popczyk stefan R.pulver Malte C.Gather Marcel Schubert Centre of Biophotonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK Humboldt Centre for Nano-and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany School of psychology and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia BarcelonaSpain

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cellular behavior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and pathological *** force sensors and imaging techniques have been developed to quantify these otherwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current techniques rely heavily on high-resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing their application to 2D cell cultures and highly transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFoRM,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic technique that detects sub-nanonewton forces with unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on the spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses the force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in these droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model that links changes in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFoRM is used to measure forces in 3D and at depths of hundreds of microns within tumor spheroids and late-stage Drosophila *** furthermore show continuous force sensing with single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,thus paving the way for non-invasive studies of biomechanical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion otherwise hundreds

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面动脉穿支皮瓣修复口周缺损

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中国美容整形外科杂志 2013年第5期24卷 I0018-I0018页

作者： stefan o. p. hofer Nicole A. posch Xander Smit 朱利娜(译) 魏峰(译) 高景恒(译) 伊拉斯谟大学鹿特丹医学中心整形再造和手外科荷兰鹿特丹港市《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部

背景面动脉穿支皮瓣概念的发展，让口周缺损的修复术有更多的自由性。面动脉的单个穿支可以为面部皮肤较大面积的带蒂穿支皮瓣供血。方法对5个新鲜尸体的10个面动脉注射填充液，并解剖，研究面动脉穿支的分布、数量、长度和直径。对5例... 详细信息

背景面动脉穿支皮瓣概念的发展，让口周缺损的修复术有更多的自由性。面动脉的单个穿支可以为面部皮肤较大面积的带蒂穿支皮瓣供血。方法对5个新鲜尸体的10个面动脉注射填充液，并解剖，研究面动脉穿支的分布、数量、长度和直径。对5例肿瘤相关的口周缺损患者实施面动脉穿支皮瓣修复术。其中2例额外使用局部皮瓣。外科技术以美学单位原则和多普勒超声识别的面动脉为依据，面动脉作为识别相应面动脉穿支的标志。结果尸体解剖发现大量的均匀分布的面动脉穿支（平均5．7；范围3～9）。平均穿支长度为25．2mm（13．0～51．0mm）。平均穿支直径为1．2mm（0．6～1．8mm）。所有临床病例中，相应的面动脉穿支符合再造术的需求。皮瓣旋转180°。4例皮瓣全部存活。1例皮瓣显示较小的远端坏死。结论因为面动脉穿支皮瓣具有穿支较恒定、较大幅度旋转和供体位点美观等优点，其可提供通用的特制皮瓣。因其蒂较薄，其也是Ⅰ期再造术的理想皮瓣，而不需要Ⅱ期修整。

关键词：皮瓣修复术动脉穿支缺损穿支皮瓣尸体解剖面动脉多普勒超声面部皮肤

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Towards greener polymers:Trends in the German chemical industry

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 33-44页

作者： Adam W.Franz stefan Buchholz Rolf W.Albach Rolf Schmid BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany Evonik operations GmbH Hanau 63457Germany Association for Chemistry and Economics German Chemical SocietyFrankfurt am Main 60444Germany Stuttgart University and Bio4Business Stuttgart 70569Germany

Global plastics production is expected to exceed 400 million tons and reach 600 million tons by *** synthesis currently accounts for approximately 3%of global greenhouse gas *** 60%of all polymers are produced for *** include shopping bags,packaging materials,mulch films,and soluble polymers for cosmetics and other ***,only a portion of single-use plastic is recycled or disposed of in incinerators or *** estimated 20%is not disposed of properly and pollutes the global environment,especially the *** response to these challenges,the United Nations,European Union,and many nation-states are developing regulatory frameworks that encourage the chemical industry to produce plastics with a smaller environmental footprint and often support this through research *** solutions include:(1)the use of green energy,green hydrogen,bio-based feedstocks,or Co_(2) in synthesis;(2)the reuse or recycling of plastics through conversion or pyrolysis;and(3)the production of biodegradable *** German chemical industry contributes approximately one-third of polymer production in the *** is embedded in the EU regulatory and research landscape and anchored in the European Green Deal,which aims for carbon neutrality by *** this paper,we describe how BASF and Evonik,two leading German chemical companies with strong but different polymer portfolios,respond to the call for greener polymers and how technologies are being developed to make polyurethanes,a particularly important and difficult-to-recycle family of elastomers and duromers,renewable and *** the environmental footprint of plastics requires not only innovative materials but also proper governance,regulatory and collection systems,and public willingness to *** an international comparison of these competencies,expressed by the"polymer management index"(pMI),Germany achieved a top position.

关键词： plastics recycling Biobased plastics Biodegradable plastics polymer management index European Green Deal

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Application of Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Energy Filtering Transmission Electron Microscopy for Microchemical Studies in 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第3期21卷 361-366页

作者： p.parameswaran Ilse papst F.hofer W.Grogger V.S.Raghunathan Materials Characterisation Group Research Institute for Electron MicroscopyResearch Institute for Electron MicroscopyResearch Institute for Electron MicroscopyMaterials Characterisation Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchKalpakkam 603 102IndiaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaIndira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchKalpakkam 603 102India

Electron enregy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) investigation on 2.25Cr-lMo steel was carried out to understand the nature of evolution of secondary carbides. The filtered images obtained from two different ageing treatments indicate that the steel evolves to a more stable carbide namely M23C6 in comparison to M2C. Microchemical information was generated from EELS spectra. Suitable choice for estimating the microchemical state was discussed. To evaluate the behaviour of ageing an elemental ratio of Fe to Cr is employed.

关键词： Ferritic steels 2.25Cr-lMo steel EFTEM EELS Ageing

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Single-emitter super-resolved imaging of radiative decay rate enhancement in dielectric gap nanoantennas

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 47-54页

作者： R.Margoth Córdova-Castro Bart van Dam Alberto Lauri stefan A.Maier Riccardo Sapienza Yannick De Wilde Ignacio Izeddin Valentina Krachmalnicoff Institut Langevin ESPCI ParisPSL UniversityCNRSParisFrance The Blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK School of physics and Astronomy Monash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Ludwig-Maximilians Universität MünchenMuenchenGermany Department of physics University of OttawaOttawaONCanada

High refractive index dielectric nanoantennas strongly modify the decay rate via the purcell effect through the design of radiative *** to their dielectric nature,the field is mainly confined inside the nanostructure and in the gap,which is hard to probe with scanning probe *** we use single-molecule fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(smFLIM)to map the decay rate enhancement in dielectric Gap nanoantenna dimers with a median localization precision of 14 *** measure,in the gap of the nanoantenna,decay rates that are almost 30 times larger than on a glass *** comparing experimental results with numerical simulations we show that this large enhancement is essentially radiative,contrary to the case of plasmonic nanoantennas,and therefore has great potential for applications such as quantum optics and biosensing.

关键词： dielectric decay radiative

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Economic impact of minimally invasive lumbar surgery

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World Journal of orthopedics 2015年第2期6卷 190-201页

作者： Christoph p Hofstetter Anna S hofer Michael Y Wang Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami MILLER School of Medicine

Cost effectiveness has been demonstrated for traditional lumbar discectomy, lumbar laminectomy as well as for instrumented and noninstrumented arthrodesis. While emerging evidence suggests that minimally invasive spine surgery reduces morbidity, duration of hospitalization, and accelerates return to activites of daily living, data regarding cost effectiveness of these novel techniques is limited. The current study analyzes all available data on minimally invasive techniques for lumbar discectomy, decompression, short-segment fusion and deformity surgery. In general, minimallyinvasive spine procedures appear to hold promise in quicker patient recovery times and earlier return to work. Thus, minimally invasive lumbar spine surgery appears to have the potential to be a cost-effective intervention. Moreover, novel less invasive procedures are less destabilizing and may therefore be utilized in certain indications that traditionally required arthrodesis procedures. However, there is a lack of studies analyzing the economic impact of minimally invasive spine surgery. Future studies are necessary to confirm the durability and further define indications for minimally invasive lumbar spine procedures.

关键词： Value-based medicine Cost efficiency Minimally invasive spine surgery Arthrodesis outcomes

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