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In vivo subsurface morphological and functional cellular and subcellular imaging of the gastrointestinal tract with confocal mini-microscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第15期13卷 2160-2165页

作者： Martin Goetz Beena Memadathil stefan Biesterfeld Constantin Schneider Sebastian Gregor Peter R Galle Markus F neurath Ralf Kiesslich Medical Clinic Johannes Gutenberg-Universit(a|¨)t MainzGermany Department of Pathology Johannes Gutenberg-Universit(a|¨)t MainzGermany

AIM： To evaluate a newly developed hand-held confocal probe for in vivo microscopic imaging of the complete gastrointestinal tract in rodents. METHODS： A novel rigid confocal probe （diameter 7 mm） was designed with optical features similar to the flexible endomicroscopy system for use in humans using a 488 nm single line laser for fluorophore excitation, Light emission was detected at 505 to 750 nm. The field of view was 475 μm × 475 μm. Optical slice thickness was 7 μm with a lateral resolution of 0.7 μm. Subsurface serial images at different depths （surface to 250 μm） were generated in real time at 1024 × 1024 pixels （0.8 frames/s） by placing the probe onto the tissue in gentle, stable contact. Tissue specimens were sampled for histopathological correlation.RESULTS： The esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine and meso, liver, pancreas and gall bladder were visualised in vivo at high resolution in n = 48 mice. Real time microscopic imaging with the confocal minimicroscopy probe was easy to achieve. The different staining protocols （fluorescein, acriflavine, FITC-labelled dextran and L. esculentum lectin） each highlighted specific aspects of the tissue, and in vivo imaging correlated excellently with conventional histology. In vivo blood flow monitoring added a functional quality to morphologic imaging.COnCLUSIOn： Confocal microscopy is feasible in vivo allowing the visualisation of the complete GI tract at high resolution even of subsurface tissue structures. The new confocal probe design evaluated in this study is compatible with laparoscopy and significantly expands the field of possible applications to intra-abdominal organs. It allows immediate testing of new in vivo staining and application options and therefore permits rapid transfer from animal studies to clinical use in patients.

关键词： Confocal microscopy in vivo imaging Endomicroscopy Fluorescence

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Milestones and current achievements in development of multifunctional bioscaffolds for medical application

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2412-2438页

作者： Jagoda Litowczenko Marta J.Wózniak-Budych Katarzyna Staszak Karolina Wieszczycka stefan Jurga Bartosz Tylkowski nanoBioMedical Centre Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznanWszechnicy Piastowskiej 3PoznanPoland Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering Poznan University of Technologyul.Berdychowo 4PoznanPoland Eurecat Centre Tecnològic de CatalunyaChemical Technologies UnitMarcel⋅líDomingo s/nTarragona43007Spain

Tissue engineering(TE)is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field,which aims to restore or improve lost tissue *** that TE was introduced more than 20 years ago,innovative and more sophisticated trends and technologies point to new challenges and *** challenges involve the demand for multifunctional bioscaffolds which can stimulate tissue regrowth by biochemical curves,biomimetic patterns,active agents and proper cell *** those purposes especially promising are carefully chosen primary cells or stem cells due to its high proliferative and differentiation *** review summarized a variety of recently reported advanced bioscaffolds which present new functions by combining polymers,nanomaterials,bioactive agents and cells depending on its desired *** particular necessity of study biomaterial-cell interactions with in vitro cell culture models,and studies using animals with in vivo systems were discuss to permit the analysis of full material *** these bioscaffolds have shown a significant therapeutic effect in nervous,cardiovascular and muscle,tissue engineering,there are still many remaining unsolved challenges for scaffolds improvement.

关键词： Innovative materials Biomimetric materials Scaffolds Regenerative medicine

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Delta variant(B.1.617.2)sublineages do not show increased neutralization resistance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第11期18卷 2557-2559页

作者： Prerna Arora Amy Kempf Inga nehlmeier Luise Graichen Anzhalika Sidarovich Martin S.Winkler Sebastian Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck Metodi V.Stankov Georg M.n.Behrens stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterGöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants threatens efforts to control the COVID-19 *** present,the global spread of the Delta(B.1.617.2)variant is responsible for a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in... 详细信息

关键词： Delta neutral resistance

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Shifting nicotiana attenuata's diurnal rhythm does not alter its resistance to the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第7期58卷 656-668页

作者： Jasmin Herden stefan Meldau Sang-Gyu Kim Grit Kunert Youngsung Joo lan T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyHans-Knoell-Strasse 807745 JenaGermany Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyHans-Knoell-Strasse 807745 JenaGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv) DeutscherPlatz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Ecology Department of BiologyUniversity of KonstanzUniversitatsstrasse lOD 78457 KonstanzGermany KWS SAAT AG Grimsehlstrasse 31Postfach 146337555 EinbeckGermany Center for Genome Engineering Institute of Basic ScienceDaejeonKorea

Arabidopsis thaliana plants are less resistant to attack by the generalist lepidopteran herbivore Trichoplusia ni when plants and herbivores are entrained to opposite, versus identical diurnal cycles and tested under constant conditions. This effect is associated with circadian fluctuations in levels of jasmonic acid, the transcription factor MYC2, and glucosinolate contents in leaves. We tested whether a similar effect could be observed in a different plant-herbivore system： the wild tobacco nicotiana attenuata and its co-evolved specialist herbivore, Manduca sexta. We measured larval growth on plants under both constant and diurnal conditions following identical or opposite entrainment, profiled the metabolome of attacked leaf tissue, quantified specific metabolites known to reduce M. sexta growth, and monitored A/I. sexta feeding activity under all experimental conditions. Entrainment did not consistently affect nI. sexta growth or plant defense induction. However, both were reduced under constant dark conditions,as was M. sexta feeding activity. Our data indicate that the response induced by nI. sexta in n. attenuata is robust to diurnal cues and independent of plant or herbivore entrain- ment. We propose that while the patterns of constitutive or general damage-induced defense may undergo circadian fluctuation, the orchestration of specific induced responses is more complex.

关键词： Circadian clock diurnal rhythm Manduca sexta nicotiana attenuate plant-herbivore interactions

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Arabidopsis STAY-GREEn2 Is a negative Regulator of Chlorophyll Degradation during Leaf Senescence

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Molecular Plant 2014年第8期7卷 1288-1302页

作者： Yasuhito Sakuraba So-Yon Park Ye-Sol Kim Seung-Hyun Wang Soo-Cheul Yoo stefan Hortensteiner nam-Chon Paek Department of Plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul NationalUniversity Seoul 151-921 Korea Present address: Department of Plant Pathology Physiology and Weed Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Present address: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Jeongeup 580-185 Korea Department of Plant & Environmental Science Hankyong National University Ansung 456-749 Korea Institute of Plant Biology University of Zurich CH-8008 Zurich Switzerland

Chlorophyll （Chl） degradation causes leaf yellowing during senescence or under stress conditions. For Chl breakdown, STAY-GREEn1 （SGR1） interacts with Chl catabolic enzymes （CCEs） and light-harvesting complex II （LHCII） at the thylakoid membrane, possibly to allow metabolic channeling of potentially phototoxic Chl breakdown intermediates. Among these Chl catabolic components, SGR1 acts as a key regulator of leaf yellowing. In addition to SGR1 （At4g22920）, the Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains an additional homolog, SGR2 （At4g11910）, whose biological function remains elusive. Under senescence-inducing conditions, SGR2 expression is highly up-regulated, similarly to SGR1 expression. Here we show that SGR2 function counteracts SGR1 activity in leaf Chl degradation; SGR2-overexpressing plants stayed green and the sgr2-1 knockout mutant exhibited early leaf yellowing under age-, dark-, and stress-induced senescence conditions. Like SGR1, SGR2 interacted with LHCII but, in contrast to SGR1, SGR2 interactions with CCEs were very limited. Furthermore, SGR1 and SGR2 formed homo- or heterodimers, strongly suggesting a role for SGR2 in negatively regulat- ing Chl degradation by possibly interfering with the proposed CCE-recruiting function of SGR1. Our data indicate an antagonistic evolution of the functions of SGR1 and SGR2 in Arabidopsis to balance Chl catabolism in chloroplasts with the dismantling and remobilizing of other cellular components in senescing leaf cells.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana stay-green SGR1 SGR2 chlorophyll degradation leaf senescence abiotic stress.

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S-nitroso-n-acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester(SnACET) and n-acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester(nACET)–Cysteine-based drug candidates with unique pharmacological profiles for oral use as nO, H_2S and GSH suppliers and as antioxidants: Results and overview

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第1期8卷 1-9页

作者： Dimitrios Tsikas Kathrin S.Schwedhelm Andrzej Surdacki Daniela Giustarini Ranieri Rossi Lea Kukoc-Modun George Kedia stefan ückert Institute of Toxicology Core Unit Proteomics Hannover Medical School Second Department of Cardiology Jagiellonian University Medical College Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Department of Life Sciences Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Siena Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry and Technology University of Split Department of Urology and Urological Oncology Hannover Medical School

S-nitrosothiols or thionitrites with the general formula RSnO are formally composed of the nitrosyl cation(nOt) and a thiolate(RSà), the base of the corresponding acids RSH. The smallest S-nitrosothiol is HSnO and derives from hydrogen sulfide(HSH, H_2S). The most common physiological S-nitrosothiols are derived from the amino acid L-cysteine(Cys SH). Thus, the simplest S-nitrosothiol is S-nitroso-L-cysteine(Cys SnO). Cys SnO is a spontaneous potent donor of nitric oxide(nO) which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase to form cyclic guanosine monophosphate(c GMP). This activation is associated with multiple biological actions that include relaxation of smooth muscle cells and inhibition of platelet *** nO, Cys SnO is a short-lived species and occurs physiologically at concentrations around 1 n M in human blood. Cys SnO can be formed from Cys SH and higher oxides of nO including nitrous acid(HOnO)and its anhydride(n_2O_3). The most characteristic feature of RSnO is the S-transnitrosation reaction by which the nOtgroup is reversibly transferred to another thiolate. By this way numerous RSnO can be formed such as the low-molecular-mass S-nitroso-n-acetyl-L-cysteine(SnAC) and S-nitroso-glutathione(GSnO), and the high-molecular-mass S-nitrosol-L-cysteine hemoglobin(Hb Cys SnO) present in erythrocytes and S-nitrosol-L-cysteine albumin(Alb Cys SnO) present in plasma at concentrations of the order of 200 n M. All above mentioned RSnO exert nO-related biological activity, but they must be administered intravenously. This important drawback can be overcome by lipophilic charge-free ***, we prepared the ethyl ester of SnAC, the S-nitroso-n-acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester(SnACET), from synthetic n-acetyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester(nACET). Both nACET and SnACET have improved pharmacological features over n-acetyl-L-cysteine(nAC) and S-nitroso-n-acetyl-L-cysteine(SnAC), respectively,including higher oral bioavailability. SnACET exerts nO-related activities which can be

关键词： CGMP nitric oxide S-nitrosothiols Oxidative stress Pharmaceuticals

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Anchoring of Ionic Liquid on Co3O4(111), CoO(100) and Molecular Structure of V2O5/WO3 on anatase TiO2(101)

Anchoring of Ionic Liquid on Co3O4(111), CoO(100) and Molecu...

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中国化学会第十九届全国催化学术会议

作者： Tao Xu Kr?n C Adamsen stefan Wendt Jeppe V Lauritsen Aarhus University Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center

Organic thin films on oxide surfaces are essential in many applications like photovoltaics and molecular electronics. We have performed surface science model studies to explore adsorption and desorption of 3-(4-isopropoxyl-4-oxobutyl)-1-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl) imide([IPBMIM][nTf2]) on atomically defined CoO(111) and CoO(100) grown on Ir(100).

关键词： well-defined oxide surfaces Ionic Liquid Infrared Spectroscopy Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

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nature:研究发现杀死抗药细菌的新靶点

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第8期17卷 I0003-I0004页

作者： Paul Huter, Claudia Müller, Bertrand Beckert, stefan Arenz, Otto Berninghausen, Roland Beckmann Daniel n. Wilson Bertrand Beckert Daniel n. Wilson Gene Center Department of Biochemistry and Center for integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25 81377 Munich Germany Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Hamburg Martin-Luther-King-Pl. 6 20146 Hamburg Germany

德国科学家最近阐明了一个细菌回收mRnA上停滞核糖体的新机制，当mRnA上缺少终止密码子就会导致核糖体无法从mRnA上脱离。参与该过程的蛋白为未来开发新抗生素药物提供了潜在靶点。

关键词：靶点细菌抗药 mRnA 德国科学家终止密码子抗生素药物核糖体

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Plant diversity and community structure of Brazilian Páramos

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1186-1198页

作者： Prímula Viana CAMPOS Pedro Manuel VILLA Jaquelina Alves nUnES Carlos E.G.R.SCHAEFER stefan POREMBSKI Andreza Viana nERI Federal University of Vicosa Department of Plant Biology Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants Campus Universitdrio 36570-900 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil Foundation for the Conservation of Biodiversity 7101 Merida Venezuela Minas Gerais State University Rua dos estudantes 23 Santa Emilia 36800-000 Carangola Minas Gerais Brazil 4 Federal University of Vicosa Department of Soil Campus Universit（lrio 36570-900 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil 5 University of Rostock Institute of Bioseience Department of Botany Wismarsehe Str. 44/45 D-18051 Rostoek Germany

In Eastern South America, high altitude grasslands represent a mountain system that has a high number of endemic species. However, studies on the ecology of plant communities in these environments remain scarce. We aimed to evaluate the patterns of biodiversity and structure of plant communities from rocky outcrops in high altitude grasslands of three areas at the Caparaó national Park, southeastern Brazil, by sampling 300 randomly distributed plots. Then, we compared the floristic composition, relative abundance, and biological and vegetation spectra among areas. We classified species as endemic and non-endemic and verified the occurrence of endangered species. Species richness was evaluated by rarefaction analysis on the sampling units. The importance value and species abundance distribution(SAD) models were assessed. We also performed an indicator species analysis. We sampled 58 species belonging to 49 genera and 32 families. The number of species decreased with increasing altitude, with significant differences being observed among areas regarding richness, abundance, and cover. Of the total number of species, 10 are endemic to the Caparaó national Park and 17 are listed on the Brazilian Red List of endangered species. The dominant families on all peaks were Asteraceae and Poaceae. The SAD models showed lognormal and geometric distributions, corroborating the fact that 10 species that were common to all three areas were also the most dominant ones in the communities and showed the highest importance values, which ranged between 35% and 60%. Indicator species analysis revealed that 28 species(48.27%) were indicators. Of these, 42.85% had maximum specificity, meaning that they occurred only in one area. Thus, the number of species per life form ratio was similar among areas, yet vegetation spectra differed, especially for hemicryptophytes. The altimetric difference among the areas showed to be a very important driver in the community assembly, influencing the evalu

关键词： Rock outcrops High altitude grasslands Species abundance distribution Species richness

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Effect of preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy on CCL20/CCR6 expression in colorectal liver metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第26期17卷 3109-3116页

作者： Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Pirus Ghadjar Mathias Wagner Christoph Justinger stefan Graeber Jens Sperling Otto Kollmar Martin K Schilling Department of General VisceralVascular and Paediatric SurgeryUniversity of the Saarland Department of Radiation Oncology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of Bern Institute of Pathology University of the Saarland Institute of Medical Biometrics Epidemiologyand Medical Informatics(IMBEI)University of the Saarland

AIM： To evaluate the influence of preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy on CCL20/CCR6 expression in liver metastases of stage IV colorectal cancer （CRC） patients.（/7 = 53） and in patients who did not receive FOLFOX chemotherapy prior to liver surgery （n = 29）. RESULTS： Of the 53 patients who received FOLFOX, time to liver surgery was n〈 1 mo in 14 patients, 〈 1 year in 22 patients and 〉 1 year in 17 patients, respectively. In addition, we investigated the proliferation rate of CRC cells in liver metastases in the different patient groups. Both CCL20 and CCR6 mRnA and protein ex- pression levels were significantly increased in patients who received preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy ~〈 12 mo before liver surgery （P 〈 0.001） in comparison to patients who did not undergo FOLFOX treatment. Further, proliferation of CRLM cells as measured by Ki-67 was increased in patients who underwent FOLFOX treat- ment. CCL20 and CCR6 expression levels were significantly increased in CRLM patients who had undergone preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy. COnCLUSIOn： This chemokine/receptor up-regulation could lead to increased proliferation/migration through an autocrine mechanism which might be used by surviving metastatic cells to escape cell death caused by FOLFOX.

关键词： FOLFOX chemotherapy CCL20/CCR6 expression Colorectal liver metastases Proliferation

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