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Smoking prevalence in the area of responsibility of the German Ministry of Defense——results of the employee survey in the context of occupational health management

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Military Medical Research 2020年第3期7卷 343-349页

作者： stefan Sammito Annika Claus Dirk-Matthias Rose Department I 3 Research&Development Air Force Centre of Aerospace MedicineCologneGermany Occupational Medicine Faculty of MedicineOtto-von-Guericke-University of MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Institute for Teachers’Health Institute of OccupationalSocial and Environmental Medicine of the Johannes-Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Background:Tobacco use,correlated with reduced physical fitness,is one of the leading causes of avoidable death *** increases the risk of dementia and can shorten the lifespan by 10 *** the German Armed Forces(Bundeswehr),figures on smoking behavior have not been comprehensively *** study analyzes current data in a large sample from this ***:Based on an employee survey as part of the Occupational Health Management System,data on smoking behavior from 13,326 participants were analyzed in relation to age,gender,professional status,education level and membership in military operational units versus other ***:Smoking behavior varied significantly(Polder),gender,professional status,military agency membership status,and education level(the lower the education level,the higher the smoking rates).With the exception of the downward trend in smoking behavior with increasing age among civilian employees,these results were all significant(P<0.005).Conclusions:This data analysis shows that smoking prevalence among personnel in the area of responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Defense is comparable to the current data from corresponding surveys of the German *** on gender,they generally show values that are slightly above those of the German *** well-known trend in the general population of decreasing smoking prevalence with increasing age is also seen in this ***,there are considerable differences in the smoking prevalence among individual subgroups(professional status,agency,gender,education level).The data show that particular young soldiers in the armed forces should be the target group for further preventive measures.

关键词： Prevention Smoking Military Health promotion

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Synthesis and Characterization of(Na_(0.5)K_(0.5))NbO_3(NKN) Thin Films Formed by a Diol-based Sol-gel Process

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第6期28卷 500-505页

作者： Sebastian Wiegand stefan Flege Olaf Baake Wolfgang Ensinger Technische Universitt Darmstadt Department of Materials and GeosciencesMaterials Analysis GroupPetersenstrasse 2364287 DarmstadtGermany

Lead-free （***0.5）Nb03 （NKN） thin films were fabricated by spin coating on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by a diol-based sol-gel process. Na-acetate, K-acetate, Nb-pentaethoxide and 1,3 propanediol were used to prepare the NKN precursor solution. Thermal analysis showed two characteristic temperatures of 360 and 600℃. Based on these temperatures, a heat treatment program with pyrolysis at 360℃ and calcination at 600℃ after every layer was used. To avoid inhomogeneities and secondary phases, an excess of sodium and potassium was necessary. To evaluate the proper excess amount of sodium and potassium secondary ion mass spectrometry （SIMS） lateral element maps and X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns were recorded. An excess amount of 20% led to homogeneous distribution of the elements and to single phase perovskite NKN films with random crystal orientation. Scanning electron microscopy （SEMI images showed a pore free surface with 100 nm grains. The leakage current measurements showed a current of lx10-3 A/cm2 at 150 kV/cm.

关键词： Sol-gel process (Nao.sK0.5)NbO3 Thin film Perovskite Lead-free Piezo material

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Determination of microcapsule physicochemical, structural, and mechanical properties

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Particuology 2016年第1期14卷 32-43页

作者： Andrew Gray stefan Egan Serafim Bakalis Zhibing Zhang School of Chemical Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2IT UK Procter & Gamble Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Innovation Centre Whitley Road Longbenton Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE12 9TS UK

Research into the fundamental properties of microcapsules and use of the results to develop a wide variety of products in industries such as printing, fast-moving consumer goods, construction, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals is a dynamic and ever-progressing field of study. For microcapsules to be effective in providing protection from harsh environments or delivering large payloads, it is essential to have a good understanding of their properties to enable quality control during formulation, storage, and applications. This review aims to outline the commonly used techniques for determining the physicochemical, struc- tural, and mechanical properties of microcapsules, and highlights the interlinked nature of these three areas with respect to the end-use industrial application. This review provides information on techniques that are well supported in the literature, and also examines microcapsule analytical techniques that will become more prevalent as a result of new technological developments or extensions from other areas of study.

关键词： Characterization Chemical composition Experimental technique Mechanical properties Microcapsule Physical structure

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Influence of liquid layers on energy absorption during particle impact

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Particuology 2009年第4期7卷 245-259页

作者： Sergiy Antonyuk stefan Heinrich Niels Deen Hans Kuipers Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology Denickestr. 15 21071 Hamburg Germany University of Twente Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology PO Box 217 Enschede 7500 AE The Netherlands

The influence of the thickness of a covering liquid layer and its viscosity as well as the impact velocity on energy loss during the normal impact on a flat steel wall of spherical granules with a liquid layer was studied. Free-fall experiments were performed to obtain the restitution coefficient of elastic-plastic γ- Al2O3 granules by impact on the liquid layer, using aqueous solutions of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with different concentrations for variation of viscosity （1-300 mPa s）, In the presence of a liquid layer, increase of liquid viscosity decreases the restitution coefficient and the minimum thickness of the liquid layer at which the granule sticks to the wall. The measured restitution coefficients were compared with experiments performed without liquid layer. In contrast to the dry restitution coefficient, due to viscous losses at lower impact velocity, higher energy dissipation was obtained, A rational explanation for the effects obtained was given by results of numerically solved force and energy balances for a granule impact on a liquid layer on the wall. The model takes into account forces acting on the granule including viscous, surface tension, capillary, contact, drag, buoyancy and gravitational forces. Good agreement between simulations and experiments has been achieved.

关键词： Granule impact Restitution coefficient Energy dissipation Liquid layer Liquid bridge

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The AiiDA-KKR plugin and its application to highthroughput impurity embedding into a topological insulator

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 108-116页

作者： Philipp Rüßmann Fabian Bertoldoand stefan Blügel Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARAD-52425 JülichGermany

The ever increasing availability of supercomputing resources led computer-based materials science into a new era of highthroughput ***,Pizzi et *** the AiiDA framework that provides a way to automate calculations while allowing to store the full provenance of complex workflows in a *** present the development of the AiiDA-KKR plugin that allows to perform a large number of ab initio impurity embedding calculations based on the relativistic full-potential Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function *** capabilities of the AiiDA-KKR plugin are demonstrated with the calculation of several thousand impurities embedded into the prototypical topological insulator *** results are collected in the JuDiT database which we use to investigate chemical trends as well as Fermi level and layer dependence of physical properties of *** includes the study of spin moments,the impurity’s tendency to form in-gap states or its effect on the charge doping of the *** properties depend on the detailed electronic structure of the impurity embedded into the host crystal which highlights the need for ab initio calculations in order to get accurate predictions.

关键词： method topological embedding

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Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic studies on GdBO_3:Yb^(3+)/Tb^(3+)@SiO_2 core-shell nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第11期33卷 1148-1154页

作者： Konrad Kubasiewicz Marcin Runowski stefan Lis Agata Szczeszak Department of Rare Earths Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University

The presented study concerned up-converting core/shell type nanomaterials based on lanthanide（Ⅲ） ions, Ln（Ⅲ）, doped orthoborates. The system studied composed of the GdBO3 doped with Yb^3＋/Tb^3＋ luminescent core ensured an effective cooperative sensitization up-conversion, resulting in a bright green luminescence. The silica coating process was performed by a modified St？ber method, which resulted in the formation of core-shell nanostructures, making them suitable for bioapplications. The nanophosphors and nanocomposites were obtained by various methods, such as co-precipitation in the presence of Triton X-100 and micelle synthesis with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA） as organic modifiers/surfactants. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized with the use of powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, infrared light absorption with Fourier transform FT-IR spectra, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, up-conversion emission spectra under IR light, as well as excitation spectra, emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes under UV light, and their photophysical properties were compared.

关键词： Ln(Ⅲ) ions GdB O3 silica coating core-shell nanocomposites up-conversion cooperative sensitization rare earths

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Pediatric intestinal motility disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第33期21卷 9683-9687页

作者： stefan Gfroerer Udo Rolle Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology Goethe-University Frankfurt/M.60590 Frankfurt/M.Germany

Pediatric intestinal motility disorders affect many children and thus not only impose a significant impact on pediatric health care in general but also on the quality of life of the affected ***,some of these conditions might also have implications for *** intestinal motility disorders frequently present as chronic constipation in toddler age *** of these conditions are functional,meaning that constipation does not have an organic etiology,but in 5% of the cases,an underlying,clearly organic disorder can be *** with organic causes for intestinal motility disorders usually present in early infancy or even right after *** most striking clinical feature of children with severe intestinal motility disorders is the delayed passage of meconium in the newborn *** sign is highly indicative of the presence of Hirschsprung disease(HD),which is the most frequent congenital disorder of intestinal *** is a rare but important congenital disease and the most significant entity of pediatric intestinal motility *** etiology and pathogenesis of HD have been extensively studied over the last several decades.A defect in neural crest derived cell migration has been proven as an underlying cause of HD,leading to an aganglionic distal end of the *** basic science and clinical research related studies have been conducted to better diagnose and treat *** of the aganglionic bowel remains the gold standard for treatment of *** recent studies show,at least experimentally,the possibility of a stem cell based therapy for *** editorial also includes rare causes of pediatric intestinal motility disorders such as hypoganglionosis,dysganglionosis,chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and ganglioneuromatosis in multiple endocrine *** organic pathologies are rare in pediatric intestinal motility disorders but must be recognized as early as possible.

关键词： Intestinal motility disorder Children Hirschsprung

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Surgery for obstructed defecation syndrome-is there an ideal technique

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第1期21卷 1-5页

作者： stefan Riss Anton Stift Department of General Surgery Medical University of ViennaA-1090 ViennaAustria

Obstructive defecation syndrome(ODS) is a common disorder with a considerable impact on the quality of life of affected *** for ODS remains a challenging *** exists a great variety of operative techniques to treat patients with *** to the surgeon's preference the approach can be transanal,transvaginal,transperineal or *** techniques have its advantages and ***,high evidence based studies are significantly lacking in literature,thus making accurate assessments *** patient's selection is crucial to achieveoptimal functional *** is mandatory to assess not only defecation disorders but also evaluate overall pelvic floor symptoms,such as fecal incontinence and urinary disorders for choosing an appropriate and tailored *** investigation is essential but may not explain complaints of every patient.

关键词： Obstructive defecation syndrome Defecatory disorde

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Modelling the mechanism and kinetics of ascorbic acid diffusion in genipin-crosslinked gelatin and chitosan networks at distinct pH

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 684-694页

作者： Felicity A.Whitehead stefan Kasapis School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria3083Australia

Crosslinked biopolymers were prepared for controlled release to investigate the diffusion of ascorbic acid from swelling high-solid networks in neutral and acidic pH *** swelling was measured at pH 2.8 and pH 6.8 and change in microstructural properties,including network mesh size and average molecular weight between crosslinks of genipin-crosslinked gelatin and genipin-crosslinked chitosan systems,were *** mathematical modelling was applied to the first 60%of ascorbic acid diffusion and statistical analysis was used to determine the model that best fits the experimental *** transport from the gelatin-based networks was best described by the Peppas-Sahlin model whereas the distinct effect of pH on chitosan structure formation brought into consideration the zero-order *** modelling of bioactive compound release from swelling biopolymer matrices at different pH conditions is essential for the design of efficient targeted delivery matrices for functional food and nutraceutical applications.

关键词： Gelatin Chitosan Genipin crosslinking Ascorbic acid Diffusion kinetics

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Actuation of Liquid Flow by Guided Acoustic Waves on Punched Steel Tapes with Protruding Loops

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第3期18卷 534-547页

作者： Alexander Backer Johannes Landskron Klaus stefan Drese Gerhard Lindner Institute of Sensor and Actuator Technology Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts96450 CoburgGermany

In a biomimetic approach the feasibility of liquid flow actuation by vibrating protruding structures excited via guided acoustic waves is *** by periodically beating cilia the loop part of a punched metallic hook-and-loop tape with tilted protruding loops was used as a waveguide for plate waves in *** waves were excited in the frequency range of 110 Hz to 220 Hz by directly coupling the tape to a loudspeaker membrane.A flow generated in the tilt direction of the loops with velocities up to 60 mm s 1 was visualized by ink droplets deposited on the *** phenomenon persisted,when the protruding length of the loops was reduced by decreasing the protrusion ***,after closing the punch holes near the loops with sticking tape streaming could not be observed any *** same happened with open punch holes when the ink was replaced by ***-frequency acoustic streaming around vibrating sharp edges is proposed as an explanation for the observed *** are expected with respect to the modification of flow profiles and the enhancement of transport processes along and across liquid-solid boundaries.

关键词： bio-inspired guided acoustic waves metallic hook-and-loop tape artificial cilia liquid propulsion Copyright

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