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Transient carriage and low-level colonization of orally administrated lytic and temperate phages in the gut of mice

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 140-147页

作者： Hongduo Bao Hui Zhang Yan Zhou Shujiao Zhu Maoda Pang Khashayar Shahin Ademola Olaniran stefan schmidt Ran Wang Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Food Safety and NutritionJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Discipline of Microbiology School of Life SciencesCollege of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg CampusPrivate Bag X01Pietermaritzburg 3201South Africa Discipline of Microbiology School of Life SciencesCollege of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa

Many studies have shown the efficacy of phage therapy in reducing gastrointestinal ***,it is unclear whether phages can successfully colonize the gut when administered in an adequate amount for a long *** 1×10^(8)PFU/mL of purified lytic phage PA13076 or temperate phage BP96115 were fed daily to mice via drinking water over 31 days,to elucidate the distribution of phages in the gastrointestinal *** day 16 and 31,six different segments of the gastrointestinal tract with their contents,including stomach,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,cecum,colon,and fresh feces,were aseptically *** phage titers were determined using the double-layered plate method with *** ATCC 13076 or *** SPu-109 used as host *** results indicated that a small portion of administered phages survived exposure to gastric acid and entered the intestinal *** prevalence of phages in the gastrointestinal tract was lower than 1%of the primary phage *** phage titers were detected in the cecum with 10^(4)~10^(5)PFU/g,and most of the phages were eliminated from the body via feces with 10^(6)PFU/*** day 16 and day 31,the same level of phage titers in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract indicated that the colonization of phages had reached saturation at day *** results demonstrate transient phage carriage and low-level colonization of orally administrated lytic and temperate gut phages in mice.

关键词： Lytic phage Temperate phage Colonization Gut Mice

Parameters affecting different acoustic radiation force impulse applications in the diagnosis of fibrotic liver changes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8425-8432页

作者： Sabrina Galgenmueller Heike Jaeger Wolfgang Kratzer stefan a schmidt Suemeyra Oeztuerk Mark M Haenle Richard A Mason Tilmann Graeter Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital Ulm FASCIA Research Division of Neurophysiology Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Ulm Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland

AIM: To analyze the virtual touch tissue quantification(VTTQ) and virtual touch imaging quantification(VTIQ) techniques, and identify possible factors that may influence VTTQ and VTIQ ***: One hundred and eighty-six(104 women/82 men) of 323 subjects met the inclusion criteria(age > 18 years, no history of chronic or gastrointestinal disease, body-mass index(BMI) < 30 kg/m2, a fasting period of at least three hours, no history of hepatotoxic pharmaceuticals, alcohol consumption < 24 g/d in men and < 12 g/d in women, and normal findings upon ultrasound examination of the abdomen). Measurements were taken at depths of 50 mm with VTTQ, 15 mm and 25 mm with VTIQ in the right hepatic lobe, and at 15 mm with only VTIQ in the left hepatic lobe. The examiner acquired six measurements per position, thereby giving 24 measurements in ***: The 95% confidence intervals of mean were1.23-1.29 m/s for VTTQ and 1.29-1.37 m/s, 1.17-1.23 m/s, and 1.48-1.57 m/s for VTIQ in a depth of 15 mm and 25 mm in the right hepatic lobe and 15 mm in the left hepatic lobe. Only superficial measurements in the right hepatic lobe with the VTIQ method exhibited an effect of age on shear wave velocity. Measurements acquired using the 6C1 probe with the VTTQ method showed no dependence on BMI. By comparison, BMI influenced measurements taken with the VTIQ method using the 9L4 probe in the superficial and deep areas of the right hepatic lobe, as well as in the left hepatic lobe(P = 0.0160, P = 0.0019, P = 0.0173, respectively). Gender influenced measurements at depths of 50 mm with VTTQ and 25 mm with VTIQ in the right hepatic lobe(P = 0.0001, P = 0.0269). Significant differences were found between measurements with the 6C1(VTTQ) and 9L4 probes(VTIQ)(P = 0.0067), between superficial and deep measurements(P < 0.0001), and between the right and left lobes of the liver(P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Measurements in the right lobe and deep regions are preferable. Gender differences must b

关键词： Acoustic radiation force impulse Elasticityimaging techniques Liver Reference standards Virtualtouch imaging and quantification Virtual touch tissuequantification Ultrasonography

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不能把所有鸡蛋都放进阿里巴巴的篮子里

中国连锁 2014年第10期 82-82页

作者： stefan schmidt hybris

作为在过去几年里最被人热切期待的IPO之一。阿里巴巴9月在纽约证券交易所上市。这是阿里巴巴在经历了15年经营旅程的下一篇章，将从一家杭州的公司成长为比亚马逊还大的世界上最大的在线零售商。至少对于西方的零售商来说，阿里巴巴是... 详细信息

作为在过去几年里最被人热切期待的IPO之一。阿里巴巴9月在纽约证券交易所上市。这是阿里巴巴在经历了15年经营旅程的下一篇章，将从一家杭州的公司成长为比亚马逊还大的世界上最大的在线零售商。至少对于西方的零售商来说，阿里巴巴是天赐之物。经分析师预测，超过50亿的中国人可能会在今后的十年进入全球中产阶级，而电子商务平台则是给企业进入这一迅速扩张的市场，并销售产品和服务的一种安全可靠的方式。根据毕马威会计师事务所的统计，已经有更多的中国消费者存世界符地进行着网上购物。

关键词：阿里巴巴鸡蛋电子商务平台会计师事务所证券交易所安全可靠销售产品网上购物

Online Induction of Probabilistic Real-Time Automata

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第3期29卷 345-360页

作者： Jana schmidt stefan Kramer Technische Universitt Mnchen Institut fr Informatik/I12Boltzmannstr. 385748 Garching b. MnchenGermany Johannes Gutenberg-Universitt Mainz Institute for Computer ScienceStaudingerweg 955128 MainzGermany

The probabilistic real-time automaton （PRTA） is a representation of dynamic processes arising in the sciences and industry. Currently, the induction of automata is divided into two steps： the creation of the prefix tree acceptor （PTA） and the merge procedure based on clustering of the states. These two steps can be very time intensive when a PRTA is to be induced for massive or even unbounded datasets. The latter one can be efficiently processed, as there exist scalable online clustering algorithms. However, the creation of the PTA still can be very time consuming. To overcome this problem, we propose a genuine online PRTA induction approach that incorporates new instances by first collapsing them and then using a maximum frequent pattern based clustering. The approach is tested against a predefined synthetic automaton and real world datasets, for which the approach is scalable and stable. Moreover, we present a broad evaluation on a real world disease group dataset that shows the applicability of such a model to the analysis of medical processes.

关键词： probabilistic real-time automata online induction maximum frequent pattern based clustering

The role of polysulfide-saturation in electrolytes for high power applications of real world Li-S pouch cells

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Nano Research 2023年第6期16卷 8313-8320页

作者： Tom Boenke Sebastian Kirchhoff Florian SReuter Florian schmidt Christine Weller Susanne Dörfler Kai Schwedtmann Paul Härtel Thomas Abendroth Holger Althues Jan J.Weig stefan Kaskel Technische Universität Dresden Chair of Inorganic Chemistry IBergstr.6601069 DresdenGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology(IWS) Winterbergstr.2801277 DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Chair of Inorganic Molecular ChemistryMommsenstraße 401069 DresdenGermany

The lithium-sulfur(Li-S)technology is the most promising candidate for next-generation batteries due to its high theoretical specific energy and steady progress for applications requiring lightweight batteries such as aviation or heavy electric *** these applications,however,the rate capability of Li-S cells requires significant *** electrolyte formulations in Li-S batteries enable new pathways for cell development and adjustment of all ***,their rate capability at pouch cell level is often neither evaluated nor compared to state of the art(SOTA)LiTFSI/dimethoxyethane/dioxolane(LITFSI:lithium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide)***,the combination of the sparingly polysulfide(PS)solvating hexylmethylether/1,2-dimethoxyethane(HME/DME)electrolyte and highly conductive carbon nanotube Buckypaper(CNT-BP)with low porosity was evaluated in both coin and pouch cells and compared to dimethoxyethane/dioxolane reference *** advanced sulfur transfer melt infiltration was employed for cathode production with *** Li+ion coordination in the HME/DME electrolyte was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and Raman ***,ionic conductivity and viscosity was investigated for the pristine electrolyte and a polysulfide-statured *** electrolytes,DME/DOL-1/1(DOL:1,3-dioxolane)and HME/DME-8/2,are then combined with CNT-BP and transferred to multi-layered pouch *** study reveals that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte increases drastically over state of(dis)charge especially for DME/DOL electrolyte and lean electrolyte regime leading to a better rate capability for the sparingly polysulfide solvating *** evaluation in prototype cells is an important step towards bespoke adaption of Li-S batteries for practical applications.

关键词： lithium-sulfur pouch cell polysulfide solubility electrolyte characterization high power

Ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for flexible optical trapping

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第4期10卷 589-599页

作者： Malte Plidschun Haoran Ren Jisoo Kim Ronny Forster stefan A.Maier Markus A.schmidt Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology 07745 JenaGermany Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics FSU Jena07745 JenaGermany Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Nanoinstitute MunichLMU Munchen80539 MunchenGermany Department of Physics Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Otto Schott Institute of Material Research FSU Jena07745 JenaGermany

Strong focusing on diffraction-limited spots is essential for many photonic applications and is particularly relevant for optical trapping;however,all currently used approaches fail to simultaneously provide flexible transportation of light,straightforward implementation,compatibility with waveguide circuitry,and strong ***,we demonstrate the design and 3D nanoprinting of an ultrahigh numerical aperture meta-fibre for highly flexible optical *** into account the peculiarities of the fibre environment,we implemented an ultrathin meta-lens on the facet of a modified single-mode optical fibre via direct laser writing,leading to a diffraction-limited focal spot with a recordhigh numerical aperture of up to NA≈*** unique capabilities of this flexible,cost-effective,bio-and fibre-circuitrycompatible meta-fibre device were demonstrated by optically trapping microbeads and bacteria for the first time with only one single-mode fibre in combination with diffractive *** study highlights the relevance of the unexplored but exciting field of meta-fibre optics to a multitude of fields,such as bioanalytics,quantum technology and life sciences.

关键词： optical waveguide fibre

The Plastid Envelope CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 Is Essential for Manganese Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2018年第7期11卷 955-969页

作者： Marion Eisenhut Natalie Hoecker Sidsel Birkelund schmidt Rubek Merina Basgaran Samantha Flachbart Peter Jahns Tabea Eser stefan Geimer Seren Husted Andreas P.M. Weber Dario Leister Anja Schneider Biochemie der Pflanzen Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS) Heinrich-Heine-University Di3sseldorf 40225 Desseldorf Germany Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik) Department Biologie I Ludwig-Maximilians-University Mernchen 82152 Martinsried Germany Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre (CPSC) Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg Denmark Zellbiologie/Elektronenmikroskopie NW I/B1 Universit&t Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth Germany These authors contributed equally to this article.

The transition metal manganese （Mn） is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth since photosystem II （PSII） employs an inorganic Mn4CaOs cluster for water splitting. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis membrane protein CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 （CMT1） is involved in chloroplast Mn homeostasis. CMT1 is the closest homolog of the previously characterized thylakoid Mn transporter PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AFFECTED MUTANT71 （PAM71）. In contrast to PAM71, CMT1 resides at the chloro- plast envelope and is ubiquitously expressed. Nonetheless, like PAM71, the expression of CMT1 can also alleviate the Mn-sensitive phenotype of yeast mutant qomrl. The cmtl mutant is severely suppressed in growth, chloroplast ultrastructure, and PSII activity owing to a decrease in the amounts of pigments and thylakoid membrane proteins. The importance of CMT1 for chloroplast Mn homeostasis is demonstratedby the significant reduction in chloroplast Mn concentrations in cmtl-1, which exhibited reduced Mn binding in PSII complexes. Moreover, CMT1 expression is downregulated in Mn-surplus conditions. The pam71 cmtl-ldouble mutant resembles the cmtl-f single mutant rather than pare71 in most respects. Taken together, our results suggest that CMT1 mediates Mn2 uptake into the chloroplast stroma, and that CMT1 and PAM71 function sequentially in Mn delivery to PSII across the chloroplast envelope and the thylakoid membrane.

关键词： manganese transporter envelope chloroplast photosynthesis Arabidopsis

Role of histone deacetylases in pancreas: Implications for pathogenesis and therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第12期7卷 473-483页

作者： Eckhard Klieser stefan Swierczynski Christian Mayr Johanna schmidt Daniel Neureiter Tobias Kiesslich Romana Illig Institute of Pathology Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) 5020 Salzburg Austria Department of Surgery Paracelsus Medical University Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK) 5020 SalzburgAustria Department of Internal Medicine I Paracelsus Medical University Salzburger Landes- kliniken (SALK) 5020 Salzburg Austria Laboratory for Tumour Biology and Experimental Therapies (TREAT) Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Paracelsus Medical University

In the last years, our knowledge of the pathogenesis in acute and chronic pancreatitis(AP/CP) as well as in pancreatic cancerogenesis has significantly diversified. Nevertheless, the medicinal therapeutic options are still limited and therapeutic success and patient outcome are poor. Epigenetic deregulation of gene expression is known to contribute to development and progression of AP and CP as well as of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, the selective inhibition of aberrantly active epigenetic regulators can be an effective option for future thera-pies. Histone deacetylases(HDACs) are enzymes that remove an acetyl group from histone tails, thereby causing chromatin compaction and repression of transcri-ption. In this review we present an overview of the currently available literature addressing the role of HDACs in the pancreas and in pancreatic diseases. In pancreatic cancerogenesis, HDACs play a role in the important process of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and, hypoxia-inducible-factor-1-angiogenesis. Finally, we focus on HDACs as potential therapeutic targets by summarizing currently available histone deacetylase inhibitors.

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer Epigenetics Histone

Differential role of Hedgehog signaling in human pancreatic(patho-)physiology:An up to date review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第2期7卷 199-210页

作者： Eckhard Klieser stefan Swierczynski Christian Mayr Tarkan Jager Johanna schmidt Daniel Neureiter Tobias Kiesslich Romana Illig Institute of Pathology Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburger Landeskliniken(SALK) Department of Surgery Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburger Landeskliniken(SALK) Department of Internal Medicine I Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburger Landeskliniken(SALK) Laboratory for Tumour Biology and Experimental Therapies(TREAT) Institute of Physiology and PathophysiologyParacelsus Medical University

Since the discovery of the Hedgehog(Hh)pathway in drosophila melanogaster,our knowledge of the role of Hh in embryonic development,inflammation,and cancerogenesis in humans has dramatically increased over the last *** is the case especially concerning the pancreas,however,real therapeutic breakthroughs are missing until *** general,Hh signaling is essential for pancreatic organogenesis,development,and tissue *** the case of acute pancreatitis,Hh has a protective role,whereas in chronic pancreatitis,Hh interacts with pancreatic stellate cells,leading to destructive parenchym fibrosis and atrophy,as well as to irregular tissue remodeling with potency of initiating *** vitro and in situ analysis of Hh in pancreatic cancer revealed that the Hh pathway participates in the development of pancreatic precursor lesions and ductal adenocarcinoma including critical interactions with the tumor *** application of specific inhibitors of components of the Hh pathway is currently subject of ongoing clinical trials(phases 1 and 2).Furthermore,a combination of Hh pathway inhibitors and established chemotherapeutic drugs could also represent a promising therapeutic *** this review,we give a structured survey of the role of the Hh pathway in pancreatic development,pancreatitis,pancreatic carcinogenesis and pancreatic cancer as well as an overview of current clinical trials concerning Hh pathway inhibitors and pancreas cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Hedgehog Pancreatitis Pancreas Development