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On determining the weight of edges in map-representing graphs-applications of heuristic methods in planning escape routes

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第6期9卷 1027-1043页

作者： Marta Borowska-stefa.ska MichałKowalski Filip Turoboś Szymon Wiśniewski Institute of the Built Environment and Spatial Policy Faculty of Geographical SciencesUniversity of LodzŁódź90–137Poland Institute of Mathematics Lodz University of TechnologyŁódź90–924Poland

In the paper we discuss and compare two commonly used methods of finding the shortest paths in networks,namely Dijkstra’s and A**** compare their effectiveness in terms of traversing road network in circumstances that require swift decision making in the event of dynamically changing road conditions on the basis of studies conducted for evacuation *** build a proper model of such a network,a method of appropriate edge-weighting is introduced,based on empirical data collected by other ***,we use the basics of the theory of quasimetric spaces to introduce a heuristic to such graphs,which is easy to calculate *** heuristic we obtain is both admissible and consistent,which allows us to use it efficiently in A*search *** developed application can be used in studies into evacuation from hazardous *** this case,optimum calculative efficiency is achievable with a simultaneous reduction of calculation time(when compared to Dijkstra’s algorithm).Our application can be applied during the first stage,i.e.,prior to the occurrence of a disaster,since this is an appropriate time for preparation by planning,drilling,early warning,and designating the rescue services that are to participate in the following stages.

关键词： A*algorithm Dijkstra Heuristic methods Mathematical modelling Quasimetric spaces Planning escape routes

Usefulness of LED lightings in cereal breeding on example of wheat,barley and oat seedlings

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 32-37页

作者： Piotr stefa.ski Patrycja Siedlarz Przemysław Matysik Krystyna Rybka Plant Breeding Strzelce Ltd.Co. ul.Główna 2099-307 StrzelcePoland Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute 05-870 RadzikówPoland

The LED lightings in horticulture are becoming prevalent,due to their physical properties allowing reduction of electricity consumption and on modulation of light spectrum and *** present,LED lightings are not widely used by cereal breeding companies despite the fact that use of greenhouses is very *** is why,the present experiment was run to show the evidence of LED lightings usefulness in a cereal crops breeding *** wheat(Triticum aestivum,L.),spring barley(Hordeum vulgare,L.)and oat(Avena sativa,L.),one cultivar of each species,were used for the 9 week trial conducted in a greenhouse with strictly controlled temperature(22℃)and humidity(80%).As a light source,4 LED illuminators along with a high-pressure sodium and xenon lamps and a natural sunlight in non-shadowed area of the same greenhouse were *** illuminators were characterized by relatively high ratio of blue/red radiation(0.6-1.3)to force the stem shortening,since cereal seedlings with such a growth habit are preferred in greenhouse cultivation of *** was evidenced,that LED illuminators provided light suitable for cereals growth in a greenhouse,however each species had slightly different optimal light *** wheat and barley the best impact on stem shortening and also on time to heading had a LED illuminator with high multi wave-blue radiation whereas on the leaves width the illuminator with lowest blue/red *** oat seedlings a light source with highest light intensity and highest blue/red ratio seemed to be the most *** much differences in seedlings growth and time to heading suggested that there is a chance for construction of one universal type of LED illuminator designed for greenhouse stages of cereal crops breeding.

关键词： greenhouse light emitting diodes cost-effectiveness Triticum aestivum Hordeum vulgare Avena sativa

Efficiency of LED lamps used in cereal crop breeding greenhouses

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 75-83页

作者： Piotr stefa.ski Patrycja Siedlarz-Słowacka Przemysław Matysik Krystyna Rybka Plant Breeding Strzelce Ltd.Co. ul.Główna 2099-307 StrzelcePoland Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute 05-870 RadzikówPoland

LED lamps,which are becoming prevalent in horticulture,are also being installed in greenhouses dedicated to cereal crop ***,the issue arises with the real efficiency of LED *** high-budget programs,the smaller breeding companies in Poland face problems concerning the plant growth under LED lamps and the real costs of their *** experiment was conducted to compare seven different LED lamps and a high-intensity discharge(HID)lamp with a high-pressure sodium lamp(HPS)used as a *** studies,two varieties of wheat,barley,and oat species were *** plants’growth rate was assessed based on elongation growth and earing ***’physiological conditions were evaluated using chlorophyll a(Chl a)fluorescence measured on dark-adapted *** light spectra and intensities of tested lamps in parallel with electricity consumption were also *** results showed that 1)LEDs’physical properties and luminaire construction influence the amount of electricity consumed;2)the cereal crop species differ in lighting *** less light-sensitive was oat opposite barley,with wheat of moderate sensitivity;3)LED-6 lamp(PlantaLux S.A,Lublin,Poland)based on white diodes enriched by blue ones was the most cost-efficient and most optimal for studied species.

关键词： greenhouse light-emitting diodes cost-effectiveness cereal Triticum aestivum Hordeum vulgare Avena sativa

《口腔健康和全身健康:牙周病预防和管理的白皮书》(一)牙周病为什么重要?

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中国口腔医学继续教育杂志 2019年第1期22卷 37-40页

作者： David Herrera Jorg Meyle stefa.n Renvert Lijian Jin 国际牙科联盟(FDI) 全球牙周健康项目工作组不详

本白皮书为口腔卫生专业人员提供了全面而简单的综述.内容涉及牙周病的全球患病率及影响、病因、发病机制、预防、诊断和治疗等主要问题。明确了解决牙周病负担所面临的关键挑战.为口腔卫生专业人员、决策者和其他相关实施人员提供了行... 详细信息

本白皮书为口腔卫生专业人员提供了全面而简单的综述.内容涉及牙周病的全球患病率及影响、病因、发病机制、预防、诊断和治疗等主要问题。明确了解决牙周病负担所面临的关键挑战.为口腔卫生专业人员、决策者和其他相关实施人员提供了行动计划。前言明确了牙周疾病的定义和相关症状、体征.包括菌斑性龈炎:即有牙龈炎症但不伴有临床附着丧失;牙周炎:有牙龈炎症同时伴有临床附着丧失及牙槽骨吸收。值得注意的是.牙周炎是全球成年人牙齿丧失和牙列缺损的主要原因。本部分介绍了目前牙周疾病的分类(1999年分类).简要介绍了在2017年11月举行的牙周世界联合研讨会达成.于2018年发布的关于牙周和种植体周病和状态新分类的共识.并强调牙科专业人士在评估患者牙周状况时应遵循的筛选和诊断程序。这些程序包括医学和牙科病史/危险因素问题、口内外检查、影像学评估和牙周专科检查。第二部分详细介绍了牙周病的病因和发病机制.描述了致病因素口腔菌斑生物膜引起的的宿主炎症反应过程。还涉及牙周病的危险因素.包括可改变的(生活方式.代谢.饮食.社会经济和压力)和不可改变的(遗传特征、性别.年龄和某些系统状态)风险因素。第三至第五部分讨论了牙周病的重要性。总结了牙周病的流行病学和全球负担.重度牙周炎被认为是世界第六大流行疾病或状态。牙周病患病率随年龄增长而增加,并且存在地域差异性。强调了牙周病具有重要的社会经济影响(第三部分)。第四部分描述了牙周炎导致菌血症和全身炎症水平增加的过程.以及与其他慢性非传染性疾病(NCDs)共有的不健康的生活方式(例如吸烟)、代谢和饮食危险因素。第五部分强调了牙周炎的后果和影响。在第四部分内容的基础上.叙述了与牙周感染和炎症相关的系统性疾病或状况、如糖尿病和心血管病。该部分还阐述了牙周炎通过损害社交.功能和美学从而对患者的生活质量和自尊产生显著影响。

关键词：口腔健康牙周病全身健康预防重度牙周炎慢性非传染性疾病卫生专业人员临床附着丧失

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用于温室谷类作物育种的LED灯效率研究

农业工程技术 2022年第30期42卷 115-115页

作者： Piotr stefa.ski Patrycja Siedlarz-S?owacka Przemys?aw Matysik Krystyna Rybka 波兰Strzelce植物育种有限公司波兰国家研究院植物育种与驯化研究所

LED灯在园艺中的应用越来越普遍，目前在专门用于谷类作物育种的温室中也得到应用。然而，LED灯的实际效率还存在问题。除了高预算的项目，波兰的较小规模育种公司还面临着LED灯下植物生长和开发的实际成本问题。试验比较了7种不同的LE... 详细信息

LED灯在园艺中的应用越来越普遍，目前在专门用于谷类作物育种的温室中也得到应用。然而，LED灯的实际效率还存在问题。除了高预算的项目，波兰的较小规模育种公司还面临着LED灯下植物生长和开发的实际成本问题。试验比较了7种不同的LED灯和一种高强度放电（HID）灯与一种高压钠灯（HPS）作为对照。该试验使用两种小麦及大麦和燕麦作为研究对象。根据伸长生长和生长时间来评估植株的生长速率。利用叶绿素a(Chla)荧光测定植物的生理条件。同时，记录了测试灯的光谱和强度及用电能耗。结果表明：1)LED的物理性质和灯具结构影响电能消耗量；2）谷物作物种类对照明的需求不同。光敏性较低的是燕麦，小麦敏感性中等；3）基于蓝-白二极管的LED-6灯（Planta Lux，波兰）对所研究的品种具有最优的成本效益。

关键词：温室发光二极管成本效益谷物小麦大麦燕麦

Improving ITS sequence data for identification of plant pathogenic fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第4期67卷 11-19页

作者： R.Henrik Nilsson Kevin D.Hyde Julia Pawlowska Martin Ryberg Leho Tedersoo Anders Bjornsgard Aas Siti A.Alias Artur Alves Cajsa Lisa Anderson Alexandre Antonelli A.Elizabeth Arnold Barbara Bahnmann Mohammad Bahram Johan Bengtsson-Palme Anna Berlin Sara Branco Putarak Chomnunti Asha Dissanayake Rein Drenkhan Hanna Friberg Tobias Guldberg Froslev Bettina Halwachs Martin Hartmann Beatrice Henricot Ruvishika Jayawardena Ari Jumpponen Havard Kauserud Sonja Koskela Tomasz Kulik Kare Liimatainen Bjorn D.Lindahl Daniel Lindner Jian-Kui Liu Sajeewa Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu Manamgoda Svante Martinsson Maria Alice Neves Tuula Niskanen Stephan Nylinder Olinto Liparini Pereira Danilo Batista Pinho Teresita M.Porter Valentin Queloz Taavi Riit Marisol Sánchez-García Filipe de Sousa Emil stefa.czyk Mariusz Tadych Susumu Takamatsu Qing Tian Dhanushka Udayanga Martin Unterseher Zheng Wang Saowanee Wikee Jiye Yan Ellen Larsson Karl-Henrik Larsson Urmas Koljalg Kessy Abarenkov Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgBox 46140530 GothenburgSweden Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Plant Systematics and Geography Faculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawAl.Ujazdowskie 400-478 WarsawPoland Department of Organismal Biology Uppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuLai 40Tartu 51005Estonia Microbial Evolution Research Group University of OsloBlindernveien 310371 OsloNorway Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Biology CESAMUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal School of Plant Sciences The University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DriveForbes 303TucsonAZ 85721USA Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology ASCRVídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGuldhedsgatan 1041346 GoteborgSweden Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden University of California at Berkeley 321 Koshland Hall University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3102USA Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100097China Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi551014 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum of Denmark Øster Voldgade 5-71350 København KDenmark Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics Graz University of Technology8010 GrazAustria Core Facility Bioinformatics Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology8010 GrazAustria Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZuercherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Molecular Ecology Institute for Sustainability SciencesAgroscopeReckenholzstrasse 191

Plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human *** taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro *** a result,species identification is frequently ***(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular ***,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi *** we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological *** results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://***),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related *** present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.

关键词： Phytopathogenic fungi Molecular identification ITS Taxonomy Annotation